Intestinal Cell News Volume 5.20 | Jun 7 2019

TOP STORY

Targeting EZH2 Histone Methyltransferase Activity Alleviates Experimental Intestinal Inflammation

Researchers report that suppressing EZH2 activity ameliorated experimental intestinal inflammation and delayed the onset of colitis-associated cancer. In addition, they identified an increased number of functional MDSCs in the colons, which were essential for EZH2 inhibitor activity. [Nat Commun] Full Article

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Hypoxia Induces Drug Resistance in Colorectal Cancer through HIF-1α/miR-338-5p/IL6 Feedback Loop

Investigators identified a hypoxia-triggered feedback loop that involved HIF-1α-mediated repression of miR-338-5p and confered drug-resistance in colorectal cancer (CRC). The unbiased microRNA array screening revealed that miR-338-5p was downregulated in both hypoxic CRC cell lines tested. [Mol Ther] Abstract | Graphical Abstract

Combined Blockade of MEK and PI3KCA as an Effective Antitumor Strategy in HER2 Gene Amplified Human Colorectal Cancer Models

Scientists used SW48 and LIM1215 human colon cancer cell lines, quadruple wild-type for KRAS, NRAS, BRAF and PI3KCA genes, and their HER2–amplified derived cells to perform in vitro and in vivo studies in order to identify novel therapeutic strategies in HER2 gene amplified human colorectal cancer. [J Exp Clin Cancer Res] Abstract

Potent and Specific MTH1 Inhibitors Targeting Gastric Cancer

The authors found that human mutT homolog 1 (MTH1) was overexpressed in human gastric cancer tissues and cells. Using an in vitro MTH1 inhibitor screening system, the compounds available in their laboratory were screened and the small molecules containing 5-cyano-6-phenylpyrimidine structure were found to show potently and specifically inhibitory effect on MTH1, especially compound MI-743 with IC₅₀ = 91.44±1.45-nM. [Cell Death Dis] Full Article

The Relationship between the Structural Characteristics of Lactobacilli-EPS and Its Ability to Induce Apoptosis in Colon Cancer Cells In Vitro

Lyophilized exopolysaccharides (EPSs) of four Lactobacillus spp. for their impact on apoptosis in colon cancer cells was evaluated using flow cytometry. The relationship between capability of a lactobacilli-EPS to induce apoptosis and their monosaccharide composition, molecular weight, and linkage type was investigated by HPLC, SEC, and NMR, respectively. [Sci Rep] Full Article

The Protective Effect of Nigeglanine on Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Experimental Colitis in Mice and Caco-2 Cells

Researchers investigated the effect of nigeglanine on dextran sulfate sodium-induced ulcerative colitis in experimental mice and Caco-2 cells and define the underlying mechanism. Nigeglanine was shown a significant protective effect on the colon, significantly reduced the weight and colon length loss and inhibited intestinal epithelial cell damage. [J Cell Physiol] Abstract

A Novel Long Non-Coding RNA from the HOXA6-HOXA5 Locus Facilitates Colon Cancer Cell Growth

Human colon cancer cell lines were analyzed using next generation sequencing-based targeted mRNA capture. The effects of overexpression and silencing of homeobox A5 (HOXA5) transcripts were evaluated in vitro and using a xenograft nude mouse model. [BMC Cancer] Full Article

Betula etnensis Raf. (Betulaceae) Extract Induced HO-1 Expression and Ferroptosis Cell Death in Human Colon Cancer Cells

Investigators evaluated the effects of B. etnensis Raf. bark methanolic extract on a human colon cancer cell line. In order to elucidate the mechanisms of action of the extract, cellular redox status, cell cycle, and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression in ferroptosis induction were evaluated. [Int J Mol Sci] Full Article | Graphical Abstract

Combining 1,3-Ditriazolyl-Benzene and Quinoline to Discover a New G-Quadruplex Interactive Small Molecule Active against Cancer Stem-Like Cells

Dose-response curves showed that 1d was cytotoxic in the human colon cancer HT‐29 cell line enriched in cancer stem‐like cells, a subpopulation of cells implicated in chemo-resistance. [ChemMedChem] Abstract

Cationic Micelle-Based siRNA Delivery for Efficient Colon Cancer Gene Therapy

The preparation process of DMP was optimized and the anti-cancer efficacies of the DMP/siMcl1 and DMP/siBcl-xl complexes were studied on a mouse colon cancer model. Scientists’ results demonstrated that DMP cationic micelle-delivered siRNAs could effectively inhibit the growth of C26 colon cancer cells in vitro. [Nanoscale Res Lett] Full Article

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The Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Dietary Anthocyanins against Ulcerative Colitis

The authors review the structure and bioactivity of anthocyanins, the role of inflammation and gut bacterial dysbiosis in ulcerative colitis (UC) pathogenesis, and their regulation by the dietary anthocyanins are discussed, which suggests the feasibility of dietary strategies for UC mitigation. [Int J Mol Sci] Full Article

Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the intestinal cell research field.

CytomX Therapeutics Provides Update on Anti-PD-L1 Probody CX-072

CytomX Therapeutics, Inc. presented additional results from PROCLAIM-072, an ongoing Phase I/II trial evaluating CX-072, a Probody therapeutic targeting PD-L1. [Press release from CytomX Therapeutics, Inc. discussing research presented at the 2019 Annual Meeting of the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), Chicago] Press Release

Clinical Benefit and Safety of LONSURF^® (Trifluridine/Tipiracil) Reinforced by New Data

Taiho Oncology, Inc. and Servier announced clinical data with LONSURF^® in previously treated patients with metastatic gastric cancer, metastatic gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma and metastatic colorectal cancer were presented. [Press release from Taiho Oncology, Inc. discussing research presented at the 2019 Annual Meeting of the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), Chicago] Press Release

Dr. Jason Spence shares his insights on the derivation of organoids from hPSCs. Listen Now

Innovation Pharmaceuticals Signs Agreement for Advanced Oral Tablet Technology in Treating Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Innovation Pharmaceuticals signed an agreement with BDD Pharma, an award-winning drug delivery company specializing in modified and controlled release oral formulations, to immediately begin the development of tablets for targeted oral delivery of Brilacidin to the colon. [Innovation Pharmaceuticals] Press Release

Gutsy Walkers Show Big Support for Canadians with Crohn’s Disease and Ulcerative Colitis

Crohn’s and Colitis Canada’s 2019 Gutsy Walk raised nearly $3 million to support research projects and patient support programs focused on improving the lives of everyone affected by Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis – the two main forms of IBD. Nearly 20,000 people laced up their sneakers on Sunday in a show of support at 60 Gutsy Walk locations across the country. [Crohn’s and Colitis Canada] Press Release

Powerful US Senator Calls for Vetting NIH Grantees at Hearing on Foreign Influences

Research typically enjoys bipartisan support in the US Congress. But when it comes to the increasingly contentious topic of academic espionage by foreign governments, politics is never far from the surface. At a hearing of the Senate Committee on Finance, Chairman Chuck Grassley urged federal agencies to do more to thwart “real, aggressive, and ongoing” attempts by foreign entities to steal the fruits of US-funded research. [ScienceInsider] Editorial

Hungarians Protest against Proposed Government Takeover of Science

Thousands of scientists and their supporters marched through the streets of Budapest on 2 June to protest against a proposed law that would give the Hungarian government direct control of the country’s top research institutes. [Nature News] Editorial

NEW Pediatric Colorectal Scientific Meeting
July 11-12, 2019
Park City, Utah, United States

Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.

NEW Postdoctoral Research – Lipoproteins in IBD (University of Connecticut)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Immunometabolism of IBD (Luxembourg Institute of Health)

Postdoctoral Researcher – Genetics in IBD (Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology)

Principle Investigator – Gut Physiology (Nestlé Research Center)

Postdoctoral Researcher – Mucosal Immunology and Inflammation (Gilead Sciences, Inc.)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Intestinal Regenerative Medicine (Zhou Lab)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Intestinal and Pulmonary Stem Cell Biology (Stanford School of Medicine)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Functional Genomics of IBS (Wellcome Sanger Institute)

Postdoctoral Researcher – Intestinal Immunology (KU Leuven)

Postdoctoral Researcher – Gastrointestinal Cancer & IBD (Case Western Reserve University)

Associate Professor – Oncology (University of California, Davis)

Postdoctoral Position – Paneth Cells (Erasmus MC Cancer Institute)

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