Intestinal Cell News 5.39 October 18, 2019 | |
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TOP STORYScientists introduced chromosome rearrangements that involve R-spondin genes into human colonic organoids, with or without disruption of TP53, using CRISPR-Cas9. They then knocked a mutation into BRAF encoding the V600E substitution and overexpressed the GREM1 transgene; the organoids were transplanted into colons of NOG mice and growth of xenograft tumors was measured. [Gastroenterology] Abstract | |
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PUBLICATIONS(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)Researchers established gastric cancer patient-derived cells to examine the contribution of CD44 splicing variant 9 (CD44v9)-positive cells in gastric cancer drug tolerance. They performed gene expression signature-based in silico screening using JFCR_LinCAGE, their anticancer compound gene expression database and subsequent validation in BALB/c-nu/nu mouse xenograft to identify agents targeting the drug-tolerant cancer cells. [Br J Cancer] Abstract All three selected pro-biotic strains exhibited anti-cancerous potential as is evident by the reduced Aberrant Crypt Foci, reduced fecal pH, enhanced fecal lactic acid bacteria and altered fecal enzymes that modulated gut microbiota and microenvironment resulting into restored histoarchitecture of the colon. [Sci Rep] Full Article Cp release study using dialysis membrane in PBS solution over 10-wt%SPIONs/S-16 nanoformulations showed highest cumulative release than 10-wt%SPIONs/MSU-F-A-Cp, 10-wt%SPIONs/HYPS-A-Cp, and Cp-F127/S-16, respectively. 10-wt%SPIONs/S-16-A-Cp and 10-wt%SPIONs/S-16-APAA-Cp were evaluated for in vitro target anticancer efficiency in human cancer cell lines and normal cells using MTT and DAPI staining. [Sci Rep] Full Article β-Arrestin-2 Enhances Intestinal Epithelial Apoptosis in Necrotizing Enterocolitis The endoplasmic reticulum-resident chaperone BiP was found to promote intestinal epithelial cell survival. Pretreatment of intestinal epithelial cells or mice with the BiP inhibitor HA15 increased cell apoptosis and promoted necrotizing enterocolitis development. β-arrestin-2 bound to BiP and promoted its polyubiquitination and degradation, thereby facilitating the release of the pro-apoptotic molecule BIK from BiP. [Aging (Albany NY)] Abstract The authors elucidated the role of COMP in colon cancer tumorigenesis by modulating COMP levels in vitro and test how it affects proliferation. Then, patient samples were evaluated by testing the levels of proliferation marker Ki67. [Surg Endosc] Abstract Expressions of miR-29b and folate receptor 1 (FOLR1) were measured in both human colon tumor samples and cell lines. Colon cancer cell lines SW480 and SW620 were transfected with miR-29b mimic, antisense oligonucleotides -miR-29b, small interfering against FOLR1, or corresponding negative controls, and then were incubated with or without oxaliplatin. [Biofactors] Abstract PAMAM G5 modified with cholesteryl chloroformate and alkyl-PEG was applied for co-delivery of doxorubicin (DOX) and plasmid encoding TRAIL into colon cancer cells, in vitro and in vivo. The results showed DOX was efficiently encapsulated in modified carrier with loading level about 90%, and the resulting DOX-loaded M-PAMAM complexes with TRAIL plasmid showed much stronger anti-tumor effect than M-PAMAM containing DOX or TRAIL plasmid. [Drug Dev Ind Pharm] Abstract Transcriptional Profiling of Zearalenone-Induced Inhibition of IPEC-J2 Cell Proliferation Investigators measured the effects of zearalenone (ZEA) on the viability and lactate dehydrogenase activity of the pig intestinal epithelial cell line J2. The results showed ZEA could decrease the IPEC-J2 cell viability and increase LDH activity. Appropriate treatment concentrations were determined to study the toxic effect of ZEA on IPEC-J2. [Toxicon] Abstract Subscribe to one of our other 19 science newsletters such as Pulmonary Cell News & ESC & iPSC News. | |
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REVIEWSBMP Signaling in Development, Stem Cells, and Diseases of the Gastrointestinal Tract It is clear that BMP signaling regulates GI function and disease progression that involve stem/progenitor cells and inflammation in a tissue-specific manner. Investigators discuss these new findings with a focus on the esophagus, stomach, and intestine. [Annu Rev Physiol] Abstract Starch Digestion by Gut Bacteria: Crowdsourcing for Carbs The authors review the molecular machinery that gut bacteria use to degrade starch and how these functions may intersect to facilitate complete starch digestion. While the protein complexes that gut bacteria use to degrade starch differ across phyla, some molecular details converge to promote the optimal positioning of enzymes and substrate for starch degradation. [Trends Microbiol] Abstract Chronic Stress, Inflammation, and Colon Cancer: A CRH System-Driven Molecular Crosstalk Scientists summarize the current knowledge that supports the inseparable link between chronic stress, inflammation, and colorectal cancer (CRC), by modulation of a cascade of molecular signaling pathways, which are under the regulation of CRH-family members expressed in the brain and periphery. The understanding of the molecular basis of the link among these processes may provide a step forward towards personalized medicine in terms of CRC diagnosis, prognosis and therapeutic targeting. [J Clin Med] Full Article Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the intestinal cell research field. | |
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INDUSTRY NEWSUTEP Receives $19M to Study Cancer Affecting Mexican-Americans The University of Texas at El Paso’s (UTEP) Border Biomedical Research Center will accelerate its quest to understand and identify the reasons for Hispanic cancer health disparities and its ultimate impact on the people of the Paso del Norte region thanks to a five-year, $19.2 million grant from the National Institutes of Health (NIH). [The University of Texas at El Paso] Press Release Dr. Josef Steiner Cancer Research Award 2019 Goes to Serena Nik-Zainal The Dr. Josef Steiner Cancer Foundation is awarding the Dr. Josef Steiner Cancer Research Award 2019 to Prof. Serena Nik-Zainal. The bioinformatician from the Department of Medical Genetics and the MRC cancer unit at the University of Cambridge is receiving the award in recognition of her groundbreaking research in developing new methods in the field of bioinformatics for the clinically-relevant classification of tumors. [The University of Bern (EurekAlert!)] Press Release | |
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POLICY NEWSBrexit Hits UK Science Funding and Workforce The first figures have emerged demonstrating that Brexit uncertainty has adversely affected UK research. They show Britain’s annual share of EU research funding has fallen by nearly a third since 2015. [The BBC] Editorial Scientific Integrity Bill Advances in US House with Bipartisan Support Despite their failure to attract a single Republican co-sponsor, Democrats in Congress have long insisted that a bill to strengthen scientific integrity across US government agencies takes a bipartisan stance and is not a veiled attack on the Trump administration’s attitude toward science. That claim of bipartisanship took a big step forward today as the science committee of the US House of Representatives tweaked the bill to satisfy key Republicans on the panel. [ScienceMagazine] Editorial
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EVENTSNEW Translational Cancer Research for Basic Scientists Workshop Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.
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JOB OPPORTUNITIESNEW Postdoctoral Fellow – Gut Microbiome & IBD (Case Western Reserve University) NEW Postdcotoral Scientist – iPSC Models of Intestinal Fibrosis (Cedars-Sinai Medical Center) NEW Postdoctoral Fellow – Toxic Injury Research (The University of Cambridge) Assistant Professors – Microbiome Research (University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign) Senior Scientist – Immunology and Gastroenterology (Johnson & Johnson) Research Scientist – In Vivo Research on Wnt Signaling in Self-Renewel (Surrozen) Chief Editor – Nature Ageing (Nature Research) Postdoctoral Researcher – Systems Biology of Cancer (Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics) Postdoctoral Fellow – Intestinal Graft-versus-Host-Disease (Medical College of Wisconsin) Principal Researcher – Systems Disease Biology (Boehringer Ingelheim) Recruit Top Talent: Reach potential candidates by posting your organization’s career opportunities on the Connexon Creative Job Board at no cost.
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