Intestinal Cell News Volume 6.01 | Jan 17 2020

TOP STORY

LKB1 Represses ATOH1 via PDK4 and Energy Metabolism and Regulates Intestinal Stem Cell Fate

Scientists deleted LKB1 from intestinal stem cells in mice using Lgr5-regulated CRE-ERT2 and traced lineages using a CRE-dependent TdTomato reporter. Intestinal tissues were collected and analyzed by immunohistochemical and immunofluorescence analyses. [Gastroenterology] Abstract

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BCL9 Provides Multi-Cellular Communication Properties in Colorectal Cancer by Interacting with Paraspeckle Proteins

Researchers have identified a β-catenin-independent function of B-cell lymphoma 9 (BCL9) in a poor-prognosis subtype of colorectal cancer tumors characterized by expression of stromal and neural associated genes. [Nat Commun] Full Article

Single Cell and Genetic Analyses Reveal Conserved Populations and Signaling Mechanisms of Gastrointestinal Stromal Niches

By performing single cell analysis, the authors identified gastrointestinal stromal cell populations with transcriptome signatures that were conserved between the stomach and intestine. In close proximity to epithelial cells, these perictye-like cells highly expressed telocyte and pericyte markers as well as Wnt ligands, and they were enriched for Hh signaling. [Nat Commun] Full Article

Intestinal Epithelial NAIP/NLRC4 Restricts Systemic Dissemination of the Adapted Pathogen Salmonella Typhimurium Due to Site-Specific Bacterial PAMP Expression

The ability of intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) to mount a NAIP/NLRC4 defense in vivo was explained by particularly high NAIP/NLRC4 expression in IECs and the necessity for epithelium-invading Salmonella Typhimurium to express the NAIP1-6 ligands-flagella and type-III-secretion-system-1. [Mucosal Immunol] Full Article

LncRNA LINC00662 Promotes Colon Cancer Tumor Growth and Metastasis by Competitively Binding with miR-340-5p to Regulate CLDN8/IL22 Co-Expression and Activating ERK Signaling Pathway

LINC00662 was upregulated in colon cancer tissues and cell lines. Univariate Cox regression analysis showed that the LINC00662 expression level was related to poor prognosis. [J Exp Clin Cancer Res] Full Article

Cyanidin‐3‐Glucoside Binds to Talin and Modulates Colon Cancer Cell Adhesions and 3D Growth

Investigators showed that the expression of talin1, a key regulator of integrins and cell adhesions, negatively correlated with the survival rate of colon cancer patients and that depletion of talin1 inhibited 3D spheroid growth in colon cancer cells. [FASEB J] Full Article

5-Hydroxymethylcytosine and Gene Activity in Mouse Intestinal Differentiation

Scientists report that cytosine hydroxymethylation levels underwent highly dynamic changes during adult stem cell differentiation from intestinal progenitors to differentiated intestinal epithelium. [Sci Rep] Full Article

Leukotriene B4 Receptor Type 2 (BLT2) Accelerates the Healing of Intestinal Lesions by Promoting Epithelial Cell Proliferation

Exposure of cultured mouse intestinal epithelial cells to CAY10583, a BLT2 agonist, promoted wound healing and cell proliferation in a concentration-dependent manner. [J Pharmacol Exp Ther] Abstract

Comparative Analysis of Enteroendocrine Cells and Their Hormones between Mouse Intestinal Organoids and Native Tissues

The authors generated intestinal organoids from the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum of neurogenin 3-EGFP mice and examined how enteroendocrine cells within organoid cultures resemble native epithelial cells in the gut. [Biosci Biotechnol Biochem] Abstract

L1CAM Defines the Regenerative Origin of Metastasis-Initiating Cells in Colorectal Cancer

Researchers showed that L1CAM⁺ cells in human colorectal cancer (CRC) have metastasis-initiating capacity, and they defined their relationship to tissue regeneration. L1CAM was not expressed in the homeostatic intestinal epithelium, but was induced and required for epithelial regeneration following colitis and in CRC organoid growth. [Nat Cancer] Full Article

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Intestinal Organoids as a Tool for Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research

The authors discuss immune cell subsets in the context of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and the requirement of immune cell and microbial components in organoid models for IBD research. [Front Med] Full Article

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National Cancer Center Japan Launches Multi-Center Randomized Trial Using Signatera™ MRD Testing in Stage II-III Colorectal Cancer

Natera, Inc. announced an agreement with the National Cancer Center Japan to launch the CIRCULATE-IDEA trial in Japan, a prospective, multi-center, randomized trial to investigate ctDNA-guided treatment strategies for patients with stage II-III colon cancer, based on the results of molecular residual disease (MRD) testing with Signatera. [Natera, Inc.] Press Release

Blueprint Medicines Announces FDA Approval of AYVAKIT™ (Avapritinib) for the Treatment of Adults with Unresectable or Metastatic PDGFRA Exon 18 Mutant Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor

Blueprint Medicines Corporation announced that the FDA has approved AYVAKIT™ for the treatment of adults with unresectable or metastatic gastrointestinal stromal tumor harboring a platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGFRA) exon 18 mutation, including PDGFRA D842V mutations. [Blueprint Medicines Corporation] Press Release

Senate Bill Would Boost Spending on Trump Administration’s Research Priorities

A bipartisan group of senators asked the Trump administration to pump up funding for a handful of technologies they believe will drive future US economic growth. And the top White House technology officer thinks it’s a great idea. [ScienceInsider] Editorial

Florida Cracks Down on Foreign Government Involvement in Research

Florida is launching a statewide investigation into US research exploitation after four University of Florida faculty members and six employees of Moffitt Cancer Center in Tampa failed to disclose ties to foreign programs, reports the Tampa Bay Times. [The Scientist] Editorial

NEW The Microbiome and Viruses
February 21-24, 2020
Orlando, Florida, United States

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NEW Postdoctoral Position – Epigenetic Control by the Novel Histone Methyltransferase KMT9 (University of Freiburg)

Research Scientist – Inflammatory and Autoimmune Disorders (Genentech, Inc.)

Postdoctoral Researcher – Immune Regulation and Stem Cells (Long Island University)

Senior Scientist – Drug Concept Discovery (Boehringer Ingelheim)

Faculty Scientist Position – IBD Research (The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston)

Postdoctoral Research Fellow – Tumor Microenvironment (Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center)

Researcher – Synthetic Ecology of Human Gut Microbiota (Flanders Institute for Biotechnology)

Assistant Professor – Intestinal Microbiota and Immunity (Hokkaido University)

Research Scientist – In Vivo Research on Wnt Signaling in Self-Renewel (Surrozen)

Principal Researcher – Systems Disease Biology (Boehringer Ingelheim)

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