Intestinal Cell News Volume 6.09 | Mar 13 2020

TOP STORY

Plasticity of Lgr5-Negative Cancer Cells Drives Metastasis in Colorectal Cancer

Investigators used a mouse model of colorectal cancer (CRC) and human tumor xenografts to investigate the cell of origin of metastases. They found that most disseminated CRC cells in circulation were Lgr5⁻ and formed distant metastases in which Lgr5⁺ cancer stem cells appeared. [Cell Stem Cell] Full Article | Graphical Abstract

(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)

Exploiting Loss of Heterozygosity for Allele-Selective Colorectal Cancer Chemotherapy

Small molecule screening resulted in a cytotoxic kinase inhibitor that impaired growth of cells with slow NAT2 and decreased the growth of tumors with slow NAT2 by half as compared to those with wild-type NAT2. [Nat Commun] Full Article

Hedgehog-Activated Fat4 and PCP Pathways Mediate Mesenchymal Cell Clustering and Villus Formation in Gut Development

By examining Fat4 and Dchs1 knockout mice, researchers demonstrated their critical roles in villus formation. Analyses of planar cell polarity (PCP)-mutant mice and genetic interaction studies showed that the Fat4-Dchs1 axis acted in parallel to the core- Vangl2 PCP axis to control mesenchymal cell clustering. [Dev Cell] Abstract | Graphical Abstract

CHK1 Inhibition Is Synthetically Lethal with Loss of B-Family DNA Polymerase Function in Human Lung and Colorectal Cancer Cells

Scientists identified members of the B-family of DNA polymerases whose silencing sensitized the human A549 non-small cell lung cancer and SW620 colorectal cancer cell lines to SRA737. [Cancer Res] Abstract | Full Article

Lactic Acidosis Induces Resistance to the Pan-Akt Inhibitor Uprosertib in Colon Cancer Cells

The effect of the pan-Akt inhibitor uprosertib on HCT116 and LS174T colon cancer cells was evaluated in the presence and absence of lactic acid in vitro. [Br J Cancer] Full Article

Small Molecule-Induced Simultaneous Destabilization of β-Catenin and RAS Is an Effective Molecular Strategy to Suppress Stemness of Colorectal Cancer Cells

Treatment with KYA1797K, a small molecule that destabilizes both β-catenin and RAS via Axin binding, effectively suppressed the stemness of cancer stem cells as shown in colorectal cancer spheroids and small intestinal tumors of Apc^Min/+/K-Ras^G12DLA2 mice. [Cell Commun Signal] Full Article

Zinc L-Aspartate Enhances Intestinal Stem Cell Activity to Protect the Integrity of the Intestinal Mucosa against Deoxynivalenol through Activation of the Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway

Zinc L-aspartate (Zn-Asp) increased intestinal stem cell activity to promote intestinal epithelial renewal even under physiological conditions. These results were further verified in ex vivo enteroid culture experiments, which were treated with 100 μmol/L Zn-Asp and 100 ng/mL deoxynivalenol for 72 hours. [Environ Pollut] Abstract | Graphical Abstract

L-Glutamate Drives Porcine Intestinal Epithelial Renewal by Increasing Stem Cell Activity via Upregulation of the EGFR-ERK-mTORC1 Pathway

The authors found that dietary L-Glutamate accelerated intestinal epithelial renewal and gut growth. The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)/extracellular regulated protein kinase (ERK) pathway and mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling were involved in this response in piglets. [Food Funct] Abstract

Synergistic Anticancer Effects of Curcumin and 3′,4’‐didemethylnobiletin in Combination on Colon Cancer Cells

Isobologram analysis revealed a synergistic interaction between curcumin and 3′,4’‐didemethylnobiletin (DDMN) in the inhibition of cell growth of HCT116 colon cancer cells. The combination treatment induced significant G2-M cell‐cycle arrest and extensive apoptosis, which greatly exceeded the effects of individual treatments with curcumin or DDMN. [J Food Sci] Abstract

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Intestinal Organoids: A Tool for Modeling Diet-Microbiome-Host Interactions

The authors discuss recent publications using intestinal organoids to study the nutrient-microbiome axis in gastrointestinal homeostasis and disease. They also highlight an array of novel approaches by which the nutrient-microbiota-gut epithelium triangle can be further understood and mechanisms governing gastrointestinal diseases better deciphered. [Trends Endocrinol Metab] Full Article

Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the intestinal cell research field.

Pluristem and Charité University of Medicine Berlin Join Forces Targeting Potential Treatment for Respiratory and Inflammatory Intratissue Complications Caused by COVID-19

Pluristem Therapeutics, Inc. announced it has signed a collaborative agreement with the BIH Center for Regenerative Therapy and the Berlin Center for Advanced Therapies at Charite’ University of Medicine Berlin to expand its existing framework and research agreement and conduct a joint project evaluating the therapeutic effects of Pluristem’s patented PLX cell product candidates for potential treatment of the respiratory and inflammatory complications associated with the COVID-19 coronavirus. [Pluristem Therapeutics, Inc.] Press Release

Owkin and The University of Pittsburgh Launch a Collaboration to Advance Cancer Research with Artificial Intelligence and Federated Learning

Owkin announced a collaboration with the University of Pittsburgh. This pilot leverages the high-quality datasets and world-class medical research within Pitt’s Departments of Biomedical Informatics and Pathology, as well as Owkin’s pioneering technologies and research platform. [Owkin (GlobeNewswire, Inc.)] Press Release

Universities Are Forging Ties with the FBI as US Cracks Down on Foreign Influence

US universities are forging closer ties with FBI agents, encouraging scientists to disclose foreign sources of research funding, and tightening restrictions on researchers’ travel. [Nature News] Editorial

Hundreds of Scientists Have Peer-Reviewed for Predatory Journals

Hundreds of scientists who post their peer-review activity on the website Publons say they’ve reviewed papers for journals termed ‘predatory’, an analysis has found. The site hosts at least 6,000 records of reviews for more than 1,000 predatory journals. [Nature News] Editorial

NEW Tissue Plasticity: Preservation and Alteration of Cellular Identity
October 4-7, 2020
Park City, Utah, United States

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NEW Postdoctoral Fellow – Research Scientist (Medical College of Wisconsin)

Postdoctoral Research Scientist – Intestinal Epithelial Cell Function (Wellcome Sanger Institute)

PhD Studentship – Stem Cell Derived Signals in Intestinal Stem Cell Homeostasis and Cancer (Durham University)

PhD Student Position – Intestinal Stem Cell Research (Karolinska Institutet)

Lab Manager – Intestinal Research (Howard Hughes Medical Institute)

Postdoctoral Fellow Position – Gene Editing and Genomic Evolution (Northwestern University)

Postdoctoral Position – Inflammatory Bowel Disease (University of Copenhagen)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Immunology (Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai)

Postdoctoral Position – Intestinal Immunity (The University of Chicago)

Postdoctoral Associate – Intestinal Immunology (The Scripps Research Institute)

Postdoctoral Position – Epigenetic Control by the Novel Histone Methyltransferase KMT9 (University of Freiburg)

Research Scientist – In Vivo Research on Wnt Signaling in Self-Renewal (Surrozen)

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