Intestinal Cell News Volume 6.14 | Apr 24 2020

TOP STORY

Fasting Inhibits Aerobic Glycolysis and Proliferation in Colorectal Cancer via the Fdft1-Mediated AKT/mTOR/HIF1α Pathway Suppression

Investigators found that fasting upregulated the expression of a cholesterogenic gene, farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 (FDFT1), during the inhibition of colorectal cancer cell aerobic glycolysis and proliferation. [Nat Commun] Full Article

(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)

Lgr5⁺ Telocytes Are a Signaling Source at the Intestinal Villus Tip

Researchers provided a spatially-resolved cell atlas of the small intestinal stroma and exposed Lgr5⁺ villus tip telocytes as regulators of the epithelial spatial expression programs along the villus axis. [Nat Commun] Full Article

iPS-Derived Intestinal Organoids from Cystic Fibrosis Patients Acquire CFTR Activity upon TALEN-Mediated Gene Correction of the p.F508del Mutation

Scientists present the results of applying genome editing techniques to the restoration of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) activity in p.F508del patient-derived induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells. [Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev] Abstract | Full Article | Graphical Abstract

Reprogramming of Lipid Metabolism in Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts Potentiates Migration of Colorectal Cancer Cells

The authors uncovered cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) conditioned medium (CM) promoted the migration of colorectal cancer cells compared with normal fibroblasts CM. CAFs underwent a lipidomic reprogramming, and accumulated more fatty acids and phospholipids. [Cell Death Dis] Full Article

Intervention of Oncostatin M-Driven Mucosal Inflammation by Berberine Exerts Therapeutic Property in Chronic Ulcerative Colitis

Berberine significantly attenuated the experimental symptoms and gut inflammation of chronic ulcerative colitis. Berberine treatment could also maintain the intestinal barrier function and rectify tissue fibrosis. [Cell Death Dis] Full Article

The Snakeskin-Mesh Complex of Smooth Septate Junction Restricts Yorkie to Regulate Intestinal Homeostasis in Drosophila

In the Drosophila intestine, smooth septate junction proteins provided barrier and signaling functions. During an RNAi screen for genes that regulate adult midgut tissue growth, researchers found that loss of two smooth septate junction components, snakeskin and mesh, caused a hyperproliferation phenotype. [Stem Cell Reports] Full Article | Graphical Abstract

Establishment and Characterization of 18 Human Colorectal Cancer Cell Lines

18 colorectal cancer (CRC) cell lines derived from Korean patients were established and characterized. General characteristics of each cell line including doubling time, in vitro morphology, mutational profiles, and protein expressions of CRC-related genes were described. [Sci Rep] Full Article

Long Non-coding RNA HNF1A-AS1 Upregulates OTX1 to Enhance Angiogenesis in Colon Cancer via the Binding of Transcription Factor PBX3

Silencing of HNF1A-AS1 inhibited angiogenesis of colon cancer in vivo and in vitro. HNF1A-AS1 increased the OTX1 expression by binding to transcription factor PBX3 to promote angiogenesis in colon cancer. HNF1A-AS1 upregulated OTX1 to activate the ERK/MAPK pathway. [Exp Cell Res] Abstract

Recapitulation of the Accessible Interface of Biopsy-Derived Canine Intestinal Organoids to Study Epithelial-Luminal Interactions

Investigators demonstrated the generation of an intestinal epithelial monolayer using canine biopsy-derived colonic organoids (colonoids). They optimized the culture condition to form an intact monolayer of the canine colonic epithelium on a nanoporous membrane insert using the canine colonoids over 14 days. [PLoS One] Full Article

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Cystic Fibrosis, CFTR, and Colorectal Cancer

Dysregulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling and disruption of intestinal stem cell homeostasis and intestinal barrier integrity, as well as intestinal dysbiosis, immune cell infiltration, stress responses, and intestinal inflammation have all been reported in human cystic fibrosis patients and in animal models. [Int J Mol Sci] Full Article

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Antengene Announces Dosing of First Patient in the ATG-019 (KPT-9274) Phase I Trial, a First-in-Class Dual Inhibitor, for Advanced Solid Tumors and Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma

Antengene announced that it has dosed the first patient in Taiwan, China in its Phase I open-label clinical trial of ATG-019, a dual inhibitor of both p21-activated kinase 4 and nicotinamide phosphoribosyl transferase. [Antengene] Press Release

Merck Resubmits Supplemental Biologics License Applications (sBLAs) for KEYTRUDA^® (Pembrolizumab) Six-Week Dosing Schedule

Merck announced the resubmission of its sBLAs to the FDA to update the dosing frequency for KEYTRUDA, Merck’s anti-PD-1 therapy, to include a 400 mg dose infused over 30 minutes every six weeks, in addition to the currently approved dose of 200 mg every three weeks. [Merck] Press Release

Open Science Takes On the Coronavirus Pandemic

When reports emerged in late 2019 of an outbreak of a new coronavirus centred in Wuhan, China, researchers at the virological-analysis website Nextstrain were ready. The open-source project tracks the spread of viruses through genetic variations in the sequences that scientists find. [Nature News] Editorial

Untapped Potential: More US Labs Could Be Providing Tests for Coronavirus

A survey of more than 4,000 researchers in the United States suggests that better coordination at an institutional and national level could make hundreds of thousands more tests for coronavirus available. [Nature News] Editorial

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NEW Research Technician – Cancer (Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation)

NEW Postdoctoral Fellow – Cancer Development (NIH National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases)

Postdoctoral Researcher – Translational Cancer Research (Johannes Kepler University of Linz)

PhD Student – Cancer (Danish Cancer Society Research Center)

Faculty Positions – Precision Medicine (Sun Yat-Sen University)

Postdoctoral Position – Defining the Transcriptional Landscape of the Intestinal Immunological Barrier (Karolinska Institutet)

Postdoctoral Position – Cancer Research (The Ohio State University)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Research Scientist (Medical College of Wisconsin)

Lab Manager – Intestinal Research (Howard Hughes Medical Institute)

Research Scientist – In Vivo Research on Wnt Signaling in Self-Renewal (Surrozen)

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