 | | Vol. 9.35 – 11 September, 2020 |
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| Investigators developed gut organoid cocultures with type-1 innate lymphoid cells (ILC1) to dissect the impact of their accumulation in inflamed intestines. They demonstrated that murine and human ILC1 secrete transforming growth factor β1, driving expansion of CD44v6+ epithelial crypts.
[Nature Materials] |
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 | | PUBLICATIONSRanked by the impact factor of the journal |
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| Researchers constructed autologous jejunal mucosal grafts using biomaterials from pediatric patients and showed that patient-derived organoids could be expanded efficiently in vitro.
[Nature Medicine] |
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| The authors revealed that genetically targeting the autophagy-related protein PIK3C3/VPS34 in melanoma and colorectal tumor cells, or treating tumor-bearing mice with selective inhibitors of the PIK3C3/VPS34 kinase activity, reprograms cold immune desert tumors into hot, inflamed immune infiltrated tumors.
[Autophagy] |
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| To understand human norovirus biology and the epithelial response to infection, the authors performed transcriptomic analyses, RT-qPCR, CRISPR-Cas9 modification of human intestinal enteroid cultures, and functional studies with two virus strains.
[Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America] |
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| Investigators report that the glutaminase inhibitor CB-839 preferentially inhibited xenograft growth of PIK3CA-mutant, but not wild-type, colorectal cancer. Moreover, the combination of CB-839 and 5-fluorouracil induces PIK3CA-mutant tumor regression in xenograft models.
[Cancer Research] |
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| Scientists report the roles of androgen in proliferation and differentiation of intestinal stem cells via targeting of the androgen receptor on intestinal stromal cells by negatively regulating BMP signaling.
[Stem Cell Reports] |
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| Researchers revealed that acidosis reduced vitamin D receptor (VDR) expression by downregulating peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta expression. Overexpression of VDR effectively suppressed the stemness and oxaliplatin resistance of cells in acidosis.
[Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy] |
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| Investigators demonstrated that carnitine palmitoyltransferase I (CPT1A), a key enzyme controlling fatty acid oxidation, was upregulated in colon cancer cells upon exposure to adipocytes or fatty acids.
[Cell Death & Disease] |
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| Using a dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis model, researchers explored the role of interferon regulatory factor-2 in maintaining colonic epithelial stem cells.
[Scientific Reports] |
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| The authors provide an overview of tumor budding in solid cancers, highlighting the molecular and biological aspects of this phenomenon, including its associations with epithelial–mesenchymal transition and features of the tumor microenvironment.
[Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology] |
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| VBL Therapeutics announced that the first two patients have been enrolled in the Phase II clinical trial of VB-111 in combination with nivolumab, an immune checkpoint inhibitor, for the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer.
[VBL Therapeutics] |
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| Boehringer Ingelheim announced the advancement of the bi-specific and tetravalent therapeutic antibody, BI 905711, to its first-in-human clinical trial for patients with advanced gastrointestinal cancers.
[Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH] |
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| | Baylor College of Medicine – Houston, Texas, United States |
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| | The University of Arizona – Tucson, Arizona, United States |
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| | City of Hope – Monrovia, California, United States |
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| | USC Lawrence J. Ellison Institute for Transformative Medicine – West Los Angeles, California, United States |
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| | Emory University – Atlanta, Georgia, United States |
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