Mammary Cell News Volume 11.15 | Apr 25 2019

TOP STORY

PARP Inhibitor Efficacy Depends on CD8+ T Cell Recruitment via Intratumoral Sting Pathway Activation in BRCA-Deficient Models of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer

Olaparib-induced T cell recruitment was mediated through activation of the cGAS/STING pathway in tumor cells with paracrine activation of dendritic cells and was more pronounced in HR-deficient compared to HR-proficient triple-negative breast cancer cells and in vivo models. [Cancer Discov] Abstract | Full Article

(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)

YAP-Independent Mechanotransduction Drives Breast Cancer Progression

Investigators found that mechanotransduction occured independently of YAP in breast cancer patient samples and mechanically tunable 3D cultures. Mechanistically, the lack of YAP activity in 3D culture and in vivo was associated with the absence of stress fibers and an order of magnitude decrease in nuclear cross-sectional area relative to 2D culture. [Nat Commun] Full Article

Screening Therapeutic Agents Specific to Breast Cancer Stem Cells Using a Microfluidic Single-Cell Clone-Forming Inhibition Assay

Researchers developed a microfluidic single-cell assay for screening breast cancer stem cell-specific agents. Over long-term suspension culture, only a minority of cells survived and formed tumorspheres. The clone-formation rate of MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, and T47D cells was 1.67%, 5.78%, and 5.24%, respectively. [Small] Abstract

CCL5 Promotes Breast Cancer Recurrence through Macrophage Recruitment in Residual Tumors

Her2 downregulation led to an inflammatory program driven by TNFα/NFκB signaling, which promoted immune cell infiltration in regressing and residual tumors. The cytokine CCL5 was elevated following Her2 downregulation and remained high in residual tumors. [eLife] Full Article

Integrin α9 Depletion Promotes β-Catenin Degradation to Suppress Triple Negative Breast Cancer Tumor Growth and Metastasis

Scientists investigated the role of integrin α9 (ITGA9) in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). ITGA9 expression in TNBC cells was knocked out (KO) using CRISPR/Cas9 technology. Experimentally, ITGA9 KO significantly reduced TNBC cell cancer stem cell-like property, tumor angiogenesis, tumor growth and metastasis by promoting β-catenin degradation. [Int J Cancer] Abstract

Delivery of Anti-miRNA for Triple Negative Breast Cancer Therapy Using RNA Nanoparticles Targeting to Stem Cell Marker CD133

Binding assays revealed the specific uptake of the nanoparticles to breast cancer stem cells and triple negative breast cancer cells. Functional assays showed that cancer cell migration was reduced, miR21 expression was inhibited and downstream tumor suppressor PTEN and PDCD4 expression was upregulated. [Mol Ther] Abstract

TRPC3 Regulates the Proliferation and Apoptosis Resistance of Triple Negative Breast Cancer Cells through the TRPC3/RASA4/MAPK Pathway

The authors found that in triple-negative breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells, Ca²⁺ influx through the transient receptor potential isoform 3 (TRPC3) channel sustained the presence of Ras GTPase-activating protein 4 (RASA4) on the plasma membrane where it inhibited the Ras-MAPK pathway, leading to proliferation and apoptosis resistance. [Cancers] Full Article

Repression of miR-135b-5p Promotes Metastasis of Early-Stage Breast Cancer by Regulating Downstream Target SDCBP

The function of miR-135b-5p was studied via in vitro and in vivo invasion and metastasis assays. By checking different breast cancer cell lines, a strong inverse correlation between miR-135b-5p and syndecan binding protei (SDCBP) expression was recorded. [Lab Invest] Abstract

Regulation of Estrogen Signaling and Breast Cancer Proliferation by an Ubiquitin Ligase TRIM56

Scientists identified TRIM56 as a novel regulatory factor in ER alpha signaling. TRIM56 depletion significantly decreased ER alpha signaling activity and ER-alpha-positive breast cancer proliferation in vitro and in vivo. TRIM56 associated with the AF1 domain of ER alpha via its WD40 domain in the cytoplasm. [Oncogenesis] Full Article

ERα Is Required for Suppressing OCT4-Induced Proliferation of Breast Cancer Cells via DNMT1/ISL1/ERK Axis

Cell proliferation assays and mouse models were applied to determine the effects of POU5F1 (OCT4) on breast cancer cell proliferation. OCT4 was down-regulated in breast cancer tissues, and the overexpression of OCT4 promoted MDA-MB-231 cell proliferation and inhibited the proliferation of MCF-7 cells in vitro and in vivo, respectively. [Cell Prolif] Full Article

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A Guide to Hyaluronan and Related Enzymes in Breast Cancer: Biological Significance and Diagnostic Value

The authors gather, categorize and sum up all the currently used methodologies to analyze hyaluronan and hyaluronan-related enzymes. The advantages, disadvantages, limitations in use and the information they provide, are critically considered and discussed. [FEBS J] Abstract | Full Article

Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the mammary cell research field.

Atossa Genetics Provides Clinical Update

Atossa Genetics Inc. announced that Steven C. Quay, MD, PhD, Atossa’s President and CEO, is providing an update on the company’s clinical programs. [Press release from Atossa Genetics, Inc. discussing research presented at the 4^th Annual Precision: Breast Cancer World R&D Summit, Boston] Press Release

Athenex Announces Abstracts Accepted for Presentation

Athenex, Inc. announced that four abstracts have been accepted for presentation. [Press release from Athenex, Inc. discussing research to be presented at the 2019 American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) Annual Meeting, Chicago] Press Release

BriaCell Announces Publication

BriaCell Therapeutics Corp. announced that BriaCell’s clinical findings will be published in the 2019 American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) Annual Meeting Proceedings. Additionally, Dr. Bill Williams, BriaCell’s President and CEO, will be presenting. [Press release from BriaCell Therapeutics Corp. discussing research presented at the 4^th Annual Precision: Breast Cancer World R&D Summit, Boston] Press Release

Translational Research in Oncology (TRIO) Partners with Molecular Templates for First-in-Human Phase I Study for MT-5111

Translational Research in Oncology announced it has partnered with Molecular Templates to conduct its first-in-human study for patients with previously treated advanced HER2-positive solid tumors. [Translational Research in Oncology (GlobeNewswire, Inc.)] Press Release

Roche Launches New VENTANA HER2 Dual ISH Companion Diagnostic Test for Breast and Gastric Cancer Patients Eligible for Targeted Therapy

Roche announced the launch of the new VENTANA human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) Dual ISH DNA Probe Cocktail assay for the detection of the HER2 biomarker in breast and gastric cancer. [F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd] Press Release

Elsevier and Norway Agree on New Open-Access Deal

After unsuccessful negotiations between a coalition of Norwegian organizations and the academic publisher Elsevier culminated in cancelled subscriptions earlier this year, the two have successfully established a new nationwide licensing agreement. [The Scientist] Editorial

Fearing No-Deal Brexit, European Funder Orders UK Researchers to Transfer Grants

The prospect of Brexit, the United Kingdom’s departure from the European Union, has loomed long and large over researchers, but the effects on funding, so far, have been speculative. Now, a European funding agency has made a pre-emptive strike in advance of Brexit, changing a policy that directly impacts grants in the United Kingdom. [ScienceInsider] Editorial

NEW 2^nd Arab African International Cancer Congress (AAICC)
October 10-11, 2019
Cairo, Egypt

Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.

NEW Postdoctoral Fellowship – PcG-Mediated Mechanisms in Breast Cancer (University of Miami)

Postdoctoral Research Position – Molecular Biology & Cancer Research (Augusta University)

Postdoctoral Fellowship – Tumor Suppressor CSMD1 (Lund University)

Postdoctoral Position – Breast Cancer Research (Massachusetts General/Harvard Medical School)

Postdoctoral Training Fellow – Gene Function & Breast Cancer (The Institute of Cancer Research)

Faculty Position – Breast and Ovarian Cancer (Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center)

Postdoctoral Fellowship – Breast Cancer Research (Washington University School of Medicine)

Postdoctoral Position – Breast Cell Atlas (University of Cambridge)

Professor – Breast Cancer (University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center)

Postdoctoral Associate – Cancer Immunology (The Jackson Laboratory)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Cancer Bioinformatics (BC Cancer Research Center, PHSA)

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