Mammary Cell News Volume 13.02 | Jan 21 2021

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    2021-01-21 | MCN 13.02


    Mammary Cell News by STEMCELL Technologies
    Vol. 13.02 – 21 January, 2021
    TOP STORY

    Spliceosome-Targeted Therapies Trigger an Antiviral Immune Response in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer

    Scientists discovered that mis-spliced RNA itself was a molecular trigger for tumor killing through viral mimicry. In MYC-driven TNBC, spliceosome-targeted therapies caused widespread cytoplasmic accumulation of mis-spliced mRNAs, many of which formed double-stranded structures.
    [Cell]

    AbstractGraphical Abstract

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    PUBLICATIONSRanked by the impact factor of the journal

    The Androgen Receptor Is a Tumor Suppressor in Estrogen Receptor–Positive Breast Cancer

    Using a diverse, clinically relevant panel of cell-line and patient-derived models, the authors demonstrated that androgen receptor activation, not suppression, exerted potent antitumor activity in multiple disease contexts, including resistance to standard-of-care estrogen receptor and CDK4/6 inhibitors.
    [Nature Medicine]

    AbstractPress Release

    Cathepsin C Promotes Breast Cancer Lung Metastasis by Modulating Neutrophil Infiltration and Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Formation

    Scientists showed that tumor-secreted protease cathepsin C promoted breast-to-lung metastasis by regulating the recruitment of neutrophils and the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps.
    [Cancer Cell]

    Full ArticleGraphical Abstract

    Multiple Screening Approaches Reveal HDAC6 as a Novel Regulator of Glycolytic Metabolism in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer

    Investigators set up a phenotypic small-molecule screen to reveal vulnerabilities in TNBC cells that were independent of mitochondrial apoptosis. Using a functional genetic approach, they identified that a “hit” compound, BAS-2, had a potentially similar mechanism of action to histone deacetylase inhibitors.
    [Science Advances]

    Full Article

    Autophagy Blockade Limits HER2+ Breast Cancer Tumorigenesis by Perturbing HER2 Trafficking and Promoting Release via Small Extracellular Vesicles

    By deleting an essential autophagy gene or disrupting its autophagy function, researchers determined a mechanism of HER2+ breast cancer tumorigenesis by directly regulating the oncogenic driver.
    [Developmental Cell]

    Full ArticleGraphical Abstract

    The BRCA1 Pseudogene Negatively Regulates Anti-Tumor Responses through Inhibition of Innate Immune Defense Mechanisms

    The authors report an important role for BRCA1P1, the pseudogene of the BRCA1 tumor suppressor gene, in regulating innate immune defense mechanisms in breast cancer cells.
    [Cancer Research]

    Abstract

    The Harsh Microenvironment in Early Breast Cancer Selects for a Warburg Phenotype

    Researchers subjected low-glycolytic breast cancer cells to different microenvironmental selection pressures using combinations of hypoxia, acidosis, low glucose, and starvation for many months and isolated single clones for metabolic and transcriptomic profiling.
    [Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America]

    Full ArticlePress Release

    A Novel Hypoxic Long Noncoding RNA KB-1980E6.3 Maintains Breast Cancer Stem Cell Stemness via Interacting with IGF2BP1 to Facilitate C-Myc mRNA Stability

    The enhanced long noncoding RNA KB-1980E6.3 facilitated breast cancer stem cells’ self-renewal and tumorigenesis under a hypoxic microenvironment both in vitro and in vivo.
    [Oncogene]

    Full Article

    Pharmacological and Genetic Perturbation Establish SIRT5 as a Promising Target in Breast Cancer

    Scientists report that genetic SIRT5 disruption in breast cancer cell lines and mouse models caused increased succinylation of IDH2 and other metabolic enzymes, increased oxidative stress, and impaired transformation and tumorigenesis.
    [Oncogene]

    Abstract

    MEDAG Enhances Breast Cancer Progression and Reduces Epirubicin Sensitivity through the AKT/AMPK/mTOR Pathway

    The authors found that the mesenteric estrogen-dependent adipogenesis gene (MEDAG) was highly expressed in breast cancer (BC) samples and that a high MEDAG expression was correlated with clinicopathological characteristics and poor survival in BC patients.
    [Cell Death & Disease]

    Full Article

    Depletion of Trp53 and Cdkn2a Does Not Promote Self-Renewal in the Mammary Gland but Amplifies Proliferation Induced by TNF-α

    Researchers investigated the roles of p53, p16INK4a, and p19ARF in the regulation of self-renewal and proliferation of mammary epithelial cells.
    [Stem Cell Reports]

    Full Article

    Targeting Autophagy Reverses De Novo Resistance in Homologous Recombination Repair Proficient Breast Cancers to PARP Inhibition

    Autophagosome formation and autophagic flux were assessed by evaluating endogenous LC3-II levels and ectopic expression of EGFP-LC3 and mRFP-EGFP-LC3 in breast cancer cells.
    [British Journal of Cancer]

    Abstract

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    REVIEWS

    A High-Dimensional Window into the Micro-Environment of Triple Negative Breast Cancer

    Investigators discuss the cellular phenotypes and spatial patterns of the lymphoid-, myeloid-, and stromal cells in the TNBC microenvironment and the potential value of mapping these features onto tumor cell genotypes.
    [Cancers]

    Full ArticleGraphical Abstract

    A Closer Look at Estrogen Receptor Mutations in Breast Cancer and Their Implications for Estrogen and Antiestrogen Responses

    The authors summarize the latest advances regarding the particular involvement of point mutations of estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) in endocrine resistance. They also discuss the involvement of synonymous ERα mutations with respect to co-translational folding of the receptor and ribosome biogenesis in breast carcinogenesis.
    [International Journal of Molecular Sciences]

    Full Article

    INDUSTRY AND POLICY NEWS

    ENHERTU® Approved in the EU for the Treatment of HER2 Positive Metastatic Breast Cancer

    Daiichi Sankyo Company, Ltd. and AstraZeneca’s ENHERTU® have been granted conditional approval in the European Union (EU) as a monotherapy for the treatment of adult patients with unresectable or metastatic HER2 positive breast cancer who have received two or more prior anti-HER2 based regimens.
    [Daiichi Sankyo Company, Ltd.]

    Press Release

    CairnSurgical Announces First Patient Treated in Pivotal Clinical Trial of Breast Cancer Locator System

    Cairnsurgical, Inc. announced that the first patient has been treated in its US pivotal trial of the Breast Cancer Locator System at Massachusetts General Hospital.
    [Cairnsurgical, Inc. (Business Wire, Inc.)]

    Press Release

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    JOB OPPORTUNITIES

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    UT Southwestern Medical Center – Dallas, Texas, United States

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    Salk Institute of Biological Studies – La Jolla, California, United States

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    Salk Institute of Biological Studies – La Jolla, California, United States

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