Mammary Cell News Volume 7.25 | Jul 2 2015

A Novel Autophagy/Mitophagy Inhibitor Liensinine Sensitizes Breast Cancer Cells to Chemotherapy through DNM1L-Mediated Mitochondrial Fission
Researchers investigated the effects of autophagy inhibition by liensinine on the therapeutic efficacy of chemotherapeutic drugs and found that cotreatment of liensinine markedly decreased the viability and increased apoptosis in breast cancer cells treated with various chemotherapeutic agents. [Autophagy] Abstract

Sex Hormone-Dependent tRNA Halves Enhance Cell Proliferation in Breast and Prostate Cancers
Investigators report that a novel type of transfer RNA-derived small RNA, termed sex hormone-dependent TRNA-derived RNAs (SHOT-RNAs), are specifically and abundantly expressed in estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer and androgen receptor-positive prostate cancer cell lines. [Proc Natl Acad Sci USA]
Abstract | Full Article | Press Release

p63 Controls Cell Migration and Invasion by Transcriptional Regulation of MTSS1
Researchers found that in normal and in cancer cell lines ΔNp63 is able to drive the expression of metastasis suppressor 1 (MTSS1) by binding to a p63-binding responsive element localized in the MTSS1 locus. They reported that ΔNp63 is able to drive the migration of breast tumor cells by inducing the expression of MTSS1. [Oncogene] Abstract

Deacetylation of HSPA5 by HDAC6 Leads to GP78-Mediated HSPA5 Ubiquitination at K447 and Suppresses Metastasis of Breast Cancer
Scientists identified that the specific lysine residue 447 (K447) of heat-shock protein 5 (HSPA5) could be modified with polyubiquitin for subsequent degradation through the ubiquitin proteasomal system, leading to the suppression of cell migration and invasion of breast cancer. They further found that GP78, an E3 ubiquitin ligase, interacted with the C-terminal region of HSPA5 and mediated HSPA5 ubiquitination and degradation. [Oncogene] Abstract

AKT Antagonist AZD5363 Influences Estrogen Receptor Function in Endocrine Resistant Breast Cancer and Synergizes with Fulvestrant (ICI182780) In Vivo
AZD5363, a novel pan-AKT kinase catalytic inhibitor, was examined in a panel of estrogen receptor⁺ breast cancer cell lines adapted to long-term-estrogen-deprivation or tamoxifen. AZD5363 caused a dose-dependent decrease in proliferation in all cell lines tested except HCC1428 and HCC1428-long-term-estrogen-deprivation. [Mol Cancer Ther] Abstract

A Novel Embryonic Plasticity Gene Signature That Predicts Metastatic Competence and Clinical Outcome
Researchers present the identification of a novel prognostic gene expression signature derived from mouse embryonic day 6.5 that is representative of extensive cellular plasticity, and predicted metastatic competence in human breast tumor cells. [Sci Rep] Abstract | Press Release

The Role of miR-100 in Regulating Apoptosis of Breast Cancer Cells
Researchers characterized the effect of microRNA (miR)-100 on the cell proliferation of different breast cancer cells. They showed that miR-100 was significantly upregulated in SK-BR-3 cells compared with other human breast cancer cells. [Sci Rep] Full Article

Selective Targeting of FAK-Pyk2 Axis by Alpha-Naphthoflavone Abrogates Doxorubicin Resistance in Breast Cancer Cells
Investigators examined the therapeutic efficacy of alpha-naphthoflavone in doxorubicin-resistant MCF-7 (MCF-7/Dox) breast cancer cells and investigated its underlying molecular mechanisms of action. MCF-7/Dox cells expressed constitutively active forms of the tyrosine kinases: focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and protein tyrosine kinase 2 beta (Pyk2) compared with parental MCF-7 cells. [Cancer Lett] Abstract

The Transmodulation of HER2 and EGFR by Substance P in Breast Cancer Cells Requires c-Src and Metalloproteinase Activation
The authors investigated the involvement of c-Src and of metalloproteinases in HER2/EGFR activation. Overexpression of receptor NK-1 in MDA-MB-231 and its chemical inhibition in SK-BR-3, BT-474 and MDA-MB-468 breast cancer cells significantly modulated c-Src activation, suggesting that this protein is a mediator of NK-1R signaling. [PLoS One] Full Article

CLINICAL RESEARCH

Phase II Randomized Clinical Trial Evaluating Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Regimens with Weekly Paclitaxel or Eribulin Followed by Doxorubicin and Cyclophosphamide in Women with Locally Advanced HER2-Negative Breast Cancer: NSABP Foundation Study FB-9
Scientists evaluated the neoadjuvant use of eribulin followed by doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide in patients with HER2-negative locally advanced breast cancer, using as a control a randomized group of women who received weekly paclitaxel. [Breast Cancer Res Treat] Abstract

Phase II Study of Tivantinib (ARQ 197) in Patients with Metastatic Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Investigators conducted a Phase II study of tivantinib monotherapy in patients with metastatic triple-negative breast cancer. [Invest New Drugs] Full Article

Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the mammary cell research field.

Celgene and Juno Announce Ten-Year Collaboration to Advance Potentially Groundbreaking Immunotherapies for Patients with Cancer and Autoimmune Diseases
Celgene Corporation and Juno Therapeutics, Inc. announced a global collaboration for the development and commercialization of immunotherapies. The two companies will leverage T cell therapeutic strategies to develop treatments for patients with cancer and autoimmune diseases with an initial focus on chimeric antigen receptor technology and T cell receptor technologies. [Juno Therapeutics, Inc.] Press Release

Intercontinental Oncology Partnership Brings Access to Specialized Cancer Care to Nigeria
Roswell Park Cancer Institute (RPCI) and Lakeshore Cancer Center (LCC) have announced an affiliation that will see Roswell Park faculty providing clinical consultations to assist LCC oncologists, who will also have access to both training at RPCI and continuing professional education seminars they can participate in remotely. [Roswell Park Cancer Institute] Press Release

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NEW PhD Position – Anti-Cancer Nano-Particle Drug Testing (University of Southern Denmark)

NEW Postdoctoral Research Associate – Breast Stem Cell Biology (University of Miami Miller School of Medicine)

Research Associate – Cell Separation (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

Postdoctoral Researcher – Breast Cancer (University of Oxford)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Oncolytic Viruses (Mayo Clinic – Rochester)

Postdoctoral Positions – Breast Cancer (University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center)

Assistant/Associate/Full Professor – Oncology (Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine)

Postdoctoral Research Assistant – Role of BRCA1 in the Repair of DNA Damage (University of Dundee)

Postdoctoral Position – Fatty Acid Metabolism Inhibition on Chemoresistant TNBC Models (University of Girona)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Regulation of Growth and Survival of Breast Cancer Cells (Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai)

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