Mammary Cell News Volume 7.39 | Oct 8 2015

Mammary Stem Cell Self-Renewal Is Regulated by Slit2/Robo1 Signaling through SNAI1 and mINSC
Scientists identified asymmetrically renewing basal and luminal stem cells in the mammary end bud. They demonstrated that SLIT2/ROBO1 signaling regulates the choice between self-renewing asymmetric cell divisions and expansive symmetric cell divisions by governing Inscuteable (mInsc), a key member of the spindle orientation machinery, through the transcription factor Snail (SNAI1). [Cell Rep]
Full Article | Graphical Abstract

Altered Purinergic Receptor-Ca²⁺ Signaling Associated with Hypoxia-Induced Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Breast Cancer Cells
The authors assessed adenosine 5′-triphosphate (ATP)-mediated Ca²⁺ signaling in a model of hypoxia-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition in MDA-MB-468 cells. Like epidermal growth factor, hypoxia treatment was also associated with a significant reduction in the sensitivity of MDA-MB-468 cells to ATP [Mol Oncol] Abstract

Secreted Factors Derived from Obese Visceral Adipose Tissue Regulate the Expression of Breast Malignant Transformation Genes
Scientists evaluated the effect of excess adipose tissue and its secreted factors on the expression of genes involved in the early steps of tumor promotion on the mammary gland. [Int J Obes (Lond)] Abstract

Cripto-1 Ablation Disrupts Alveolar Development in the Mouse Mammary Gland through a Progesterone Receptor-Mediated Pathway
Investigators showed a novel mechanism for Cripto-1 regulation of mammary gland development through direct effects on progesterone receptor expression and pathways regulated by progesterone in the mammary gland. [Am J Pathol] Abstract

FOXM1 Targets XIAP and Survivin to Modulate Breast Cancer Survival and Chemoresistance
Scientists showed that FOXM1-overexpressing breast cancer cells display an apoptosis-resistant phenotype, which associates with the upregulation of expression of XIAP and Survivin antiapoptotic genes. [Cell Signal] Abstract

A Negative Feedback Loop between miR-200b and the NF-κB Pathway via IKBKB/IKK-β in Breast Cancer Cells
The authors demonstrated that microRNAs (miR)-200b, a transcriptional target of NF-κB, suppresses breast cancer cell growth and migration as well as NF-κB activation through the downregulation of IKBKB. [FEBS J] Abstract

Regulation of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cell Metastasis by the Tumor-Suppressor Liver Kinase B1
Induction of liver kinase B1 expression in basal-like breast cancer/triple-negative breast cancer cell lines, MDA-MB-231 and BT-549, inhibited invasiveness in vitro. [Oncogenesis] Abstract

Integrin β4 Regulation of PTHrP Underlies Its Contribution to Mammary Gland Development
Researchers hypothesized that β4 contributes to mammary gland development by sustaining PTHrP expression and enabling PTHrP signaling. [Dev Biol] Abstract

Down-Regulation of miR-92 in Breast Epithelial Cells and in Normal but Not Tumour Fibroblasts Contributes to Breast Carcinogenesis
Investigators examined expression of microRNA (miR)-92 in the breast epithelium and stroma during breast cancer progression. They also investigated the role of miR-92 in fibroblasts in vitro and showed that down-regulation in normal fibroblasts enhances the invasion of breast cancer epithelial cells. [PLoS One] Full Article

CLINICAL RESEARCH

Epirubicin plus Cyclophosphamide Followed by Docetaxel versus Epirubicin plus Docetaxel Followed by Capecitabine as Adjuvant Therapy for Node-Positive Early Breast Cancer: Results from the GEICAM/2003-10 Study
Invasive disease-free survival, but not overall survival, was significantly superior for patients with node-positive early breast cancer who received the adjuvant standard schedule, epirubicin plus cyclophosphamide, followed by docetaxel, than for those who received the experimental epirubicin plus docetaxel, followed by capecitabine regimen. [J Clin Oncol] Abstract

A Randomized, Multicenter, Phase II/III Study to Determine the Optimal Dose and to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Pegteograstim (GCPGC) on Chemotherapy-Induced Neutropenia Compared to Pegfilgrastim in Breast Cancer Patients: KCSG PC10-09
This phase II/III study was conducted to determine the adequate dose of pegteograstim, a new formulation of pegylated granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor, and to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pegteograstim compared to pegfilgrastim. [Support Care Cancer] Full Article

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Developing a Gel That Mimics Human Breast for Cancer Research
Scientists at the Universities of Manchester and Nottingham have been funded to develop a gel that will match many of the biological structures of human breast tissue, to advance cancer research and reduce animal testing. [University of Manchester] Press Release

Lilly Receives FDA Breakthrough Therapy Designation for Abemaciclib – a CDK 4 and 6 Inhibitor – in Advanced Breast Cancer
Eli Lilly and Company announced that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has granted breakthrough therapy designation to abemaciclib, a cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 4 and 6 inhibitor, for patients with refractory hormone-receptor-positive advanced or metastatic breast cancer. [Eli Lilly and Company] Press Release

New NIH Breast Cancer Research to Focus on Prevention
A new phase of the Breast Cancer and the Environment Research Program, focused on prevention, is being launched at the National Institutes of Health. Grant-funded researchers will now work across scientific disciplines, involve new racially and ethnically diverse communities, and expand the study of risk factors that precede breast cancer, such as breast density. [National Institutes of Health] Press Release

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NEW Biological Imaging Scientist – 3D Cellular Models of Organs and Disease (University of Pittsburgh Drug Discovery Institute)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Cancer Biology (The Francis Crick Institute)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Tumor Dormancy (Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center)

Postdoctoral Research Scientist – Breast Cancer (Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Breast Cancer Research (University Health Network)

Research Scientist – Epithelial Stem Cells (A*STAR)

Postdoctoral Researcher – Epigenetic Modifiers (Van Andel Research Institute)

Postdoctoral Fellowship – Cancer Biology (Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center/Harvard Medical School)

Postdoctoral Research Fellow – Metastatic Breast Cancer (Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center)

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