Mammary Cell News Volume 7.47 | Dec 3 2015

Barcoding Reveals Complex Clonal Dynamics of De Novo Transformed Human Mammary Cells
Scientists present the first formal evidence of the shared and independent ability of basal cells and luminal progenitors, isolated from normal human mammary tissue and transduced with a single oncogene (KRAS^G12D), to produce serially transplantable, polyclonal, invasive ductal carcinomas within eight weeks of being introduced either subrenally or subcutaneously into immunodeficient mice. [Nature] Abstract | Press Release

Diacerein-Mediated Inhibition of IL-6/IL-6R Signaling Induces Apoptotic Effects on Breast Cancer
Potent antiproliferative and apoptotic effects of diacerein were observed against breast cancer. Molecular investigations indicated that diacerein instigated apoptosis was associated with inhibition of interleukin-6 (IL-6)/IL-6R autocrine signaling axis. [Oncogene] Abstract

Tumor-Selective Peptide-Carrier Delivery of Paclitaxel Increases In Vivo Activity of the Drug
Biological activity of NT4-paclitaxel was tested in vitro on MDA-MB 231 and SKOV-3 cell lines, representing breast and ovarian cancer, respectively, and in vivo in an orthotopic mouse model of human breast cancer. Using in vivo bioluminescence imaging, researchers found that conjugation of paclitaxel with the NT4 peptide led to increased therapeutic activity of the drug in vivo. [Sci Rep] Full Article

MicroRNA-195 Inhibits Proliferation, Invasion and Metastasis in Breast Cancer Cells by Targeting FASN, HMGCR, ACACA and CYP27B1
Gene expression profiling was done in presence/absence of hsa-miR-195 in breast cancer cells. IPA revealed mitochondrial dysfunction, fatty acid metabolism and xenobiotic metabolism signaling among the top processes being affected. ACACA, FASN, HMGCR and CYP27B1 were identified as direct targets of hsa-miR-195. [Sci Rep] Full Article

miR-143 Suppresses Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition and Inhibits Tumor Growth of Breast Cancer through Down-Regulation of ERK5
Researchers demonstrated that miR-143 down-regulated its target ERK5, leading to the suppression of epithelial–mesenchymal transition induced by GSK-3β/Snail signaling of breast cancer. [Mol Carcinog] Abstract

Enhanced Delivery of Paclitaxel Using Electrostatically-Conjugated Herceptin-Bearing PEI/PLGA Nanoparticles against HER-Positive Breast Cancer Cells
Electrostatically-conjugated Herceptin-bearing polyethylenimine (PEI)/poly(_D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) nanoparticles were optimized and employed as vectors to target HER2-positive breast cancer cells. [Int J Pharm] Abstract

Non-Specific Blocking of miR-17-5p Guide Strand in Triple Negative Breast Cancer Cells by Amplifying Passenger Strand Activity
The authors found that antisense knockdown of oncogenic micro ribonucleic acid miR-17-5p guide strand reduced programmed cell death 4 and phosphatase and tensin homolog proteins by 1.8±0.3 fold in human triple negative breast cancer cells instead of raising them. [PLoS One] Full Article | Press Release

Effects of Methylglyoxal and Glyoxalase I Inhibition on Breast Cancer Cells Proliferation, Invasion, and Apoptosis through Modulation of MAPKs, MMP9, and Bcl-2
Scientists investigated the anticancer effects of methylglyoxal and inhibition of glyoxalase I on breast cancer cells and the underlying mechanisms of these effects. [Cancer Biol Ther] Abstract

Targeting HIF-1α Is a Prerequisite for Cell Sensitivity to Dichloroacetate (DCA) and Metformin
Combination of DCA and metformin markedly induced cell death, compared with each drug alone. HIF-1α activation markedly suppressed DCA/metformin-induced cell death and recovered the expressions of glycolytic enzymes that were decreased by two drugs. [Biochem Biophys Res Commun] Abstract

CLINICAL RESEARCH

Taxanes versus S-1 as the First-Line Chemotherapy for Metastatic Breast Cancer (SELECT BC): An Open-Label, Non-Inferiority, Randomized Phase III Trial.
Researchers enrolled individuals who had HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer, who had received no chemotherapy for advanced disease, and who were resistant to endocrine treatment. Patients were randomly assigned either to taxane or to S-1. [Lancet Oncol] Abstract

High-Throughput Mutation Profiling Changes before and Three Weeks after Chemotherapy in Newly Diagnosed Breast Cancer Patients
Paired breast tumor core biopsies obtained pre- and post-first cycle doxorubicin or docetaxel in treatment-naïve breast cancer patients were analyzed for 238 mutations in 19 cancer-related genes by the Sequenom Oncocarta assay. [PLoS One] Full Article

Developmental Insights into Breast Cancer Intratumoral Heterogeneity
The authors discuss the interactions among various cell populations in both normal and tumor tissues. A better understanding of these interactions, especially in the metastatic setting, will be important for the development of improved combinatorial therapies designed to prevent relapse and to ultimately decrease mortality. [Trends Cancer] Full Article

Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the mammary cell research field.

Provista Diagnostics Announces Pivotal Clinical Results for Videssa^® Breast – A Simple Blood Test for Early and Accurate Breast Cancer Detection
Provista Diagnostics, Inc. announced that Ana Lourenco, M.D. of Rhode Island Medical Imaging presented data from their second prospective clinical study. [Press release from Provista Diagnostics Inc. discussing research presented at the 101^st Scientific Assembly & Annual Meeting of the Radiological Society of North America (RSNA), Chicago] Press Release

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Lightpoint Medical Receives 2.4 Million Euro Grant to Support Clinical Study Aiming to Cut Breast Cancer Re-Operation Rates
Lightpoint Medical announced that it has received a 2.4 million Euro grant from the European Commission as part of the Horizon 2020 European Union Framework Program for Research and Innovation, enabling the company to carry out a large-scale clinical trial in breast cancer. [Lightpoint Medical] Press Release

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Therapeutic Goods Administration (Australia)

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NEW Postdoctoral Researcher – Cancer Immune Microenvironment (Cornell University)

NEW Postdoctoral Researcher – HIF-Mediated Alternative Splicing in Cancer (ETH Zurich)

Bioinformatics Officer – Breast Cancer Research (Institute of Cancer Research)

Senior Bioinformatics Officer – Breast Cancer Research (Institute of Cancer Research)

Postdoctoral Research Scientist – Cancer Therapy (Massachusetts General Hospital)

Postdoctoral Position – Epigenetics and Cancer (Moffitt Cancer Center)

Cancer Biologist (Wake Forest Baptist School of Medicine)

Postdoctoral Research Fellow – Ovarian and Breast Cancer (Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center)

Academic Breast Pathologist (Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center)

Group Leader Position – Cancer Research (Oslo University Hospital)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Tumor Dormancy (Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center)

Postdoctoral Research Fellow – Metastatic Breast Cancer (Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center)

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