Mammary Cell News Volume 8.34 | Sep 1 2016

TOP STORY

Noncoding Somatic and Inherited Single-Nucleotide Variants Converge to Promote ESR1 Expression in Breast Cancer

Scientists report significant enrichment of somatic mutations within the set of regulatory elements regulating estrogen receptor-α (ESR1) in 7% of ESR1-positive breast cancers. These mutations regulate ESR1 expression by modulating transcription factor binding to the DNA. [Nat Genet] Abstract

(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)

LABORATORY RESEARCH

RB1 Deficiency in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Induces Mitochondrial Protein Translation

Scientists determined that combined inactivation of murine retinoblastoma tumor-suppressor gene (RB1) and p53 in diverse mammary epithelial cells induced claudin-low-like triple-negative breast cancer with Met, Birc2/3-Mmp13-Yap1, and Pvt1-Myc amplifications. [J Clin Invest] Full Article

Silencing Vimentin Expression Decreases Pulmonary Metastases in a Pre-Diabetic Mouse Model of Mammary Tumor Progression

Scientists used a mouse model of pre-diabetes was used to investigate the mechanisms through which endogenous hyperinsulinemia promotes mammary tumor metastases. [Oncogene] Abstract

Influence of Decalcification Procedures on Immunohistochemistry and Molecular Pathology in Breast Cancer

The authors evaluated the effect of several decalcification procedures on receptor status and DNA/RNA quality. In 23 prospectively collected breast tumors, they compared ERα, PR and HER2 status by immunohistochemistry in tissue routinely processed for diagnostic purposes and in parallel tissue decalcified in Christensen’s buffer with and without microwave, EDTA and Formical-4. [Mod Pathol] Abstract

¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT for Monitoring the Response of Breast Cancer to miR-143-Based Therapeutics by Targeting Tumor Glycolysis

Investigators developed a therapeutic formulation using cholesterol-modified miR-143 agomir encapsulated in a neutral lipid-based delivery agent that blocked tumor growth and glucose metabolism in triple-negative breast cancer tumor-bearing mice when administered systemically. [Mol Ther Nucleic Acids] Full Article

CEACAM1 Controls the EMT Switch in Murine Mammary Carcinoma In Vitro and In Vivo

Investigators analyzed the molecular basis for carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1 (CEACAM1)-controlled inhibition of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in a mouse model for mammary adenocarcinoma (WAP-T mice). They demonstrated that silencing of CEACAM1 in WAP-T tumor-derived G-2 cells induces epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity, as evidenced by typical changes of gene expression, morphology and increased invasion. [Oncotarget] Full Article

Stat3 Accelerates Myc Induced Tumor Formation while Reducing Growth Rate in a Mouse Model of Breast Cancer

Researchers bioinformatically predicted a role for Stat3 in Myc induced mammary tumors and tested it using mouse models. During normal mammary function, loss of Stat3 in Myc transgenic dams resulted in lethality of pups due to lactation deficiencies. [Oncotarget] Full Article

Technical Communication: A Convenient Method for Evaluating Epithelial Cell Proliferation in the Whole Mammary Glands of Female Mice

Investigators present a relatively high throughput approach to spatially assess epithelial cell proliferation in whole mouse mammary gland using histochemical detection of 5-ethynyl-2`-deoxyuridine (EdU) in conjunction with a standard curve-based data deconvolution technique to semi-quantitatively measure proliferation via widefield epifluorescent microscopy. [Endocrinology] Abstract

Phosphorylation of LSD1 at Ser112 Is Crucial for Its Function in Induction of EMT and Metastasis in Breast Cancer

Researchers revealed the role of LSD1 in breast cancer development. In addition, it has been reported that phosphorylation of the Serine 112 residue of LSD1 by PKCα is crucial for its function in gene regulation. They also explored whether this phosphorylation affects LSD1’s role in breast cancer development. [Breast Cancer Res Treat] Abstract

An Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor-Mediated Amplification Loop that Enforces Cell Migration in ER^–/PR^–/Her2^– Human Breast Cancer Cells

As the known number of AHR-mediated processes grows, so too does the importance of determining what endogenous AHR ligands are produced, how their production is regulated, and what biological consequences ensue. The authors’ studies were designed primarily to determine if ER^–/PR^–/Her2^– breast cancer cells have the potential to produce endogenous AHR ligands and, if so, how production of these ligands is controlled. [Mol Pharmacol] Abstract | Full Article

CLINICAL RESEARCH

Pictilisib Plus Paclitaxel for the Treatment of Hormone Receptor-Positive, HER2-Negative, Locally Recurrent, or Metastatic Breast Cancer: Interim Analysis of the Multicentre, Placebo-Controlled, Phase II Randomized PEGGY Study

PEGGY, a randomized, placebo-controlled Phase II trial, examined whether pictilisib augments the anti-tumor activity of paclitaxel in patients with hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative locally recurrent or metastatic breast cancer. The authors report results from the protocol-specified interim analysis. [Ann Oncol] Abstract

Evaluation of Three Commercial Progesterone Receptor Assays in a Single Tamoxifen-Treated Breast Cancer Cohort

Researchers looked at three immunohistochemical progesterone receptor assays, in addition to original ligand-binding assay results, in a single retrospective, tamoxifen-treated breast cancer cohort to investigate inter- and intra-observer agreement, concordance, prognostic ability and measures of test performance. [Mod Pathol] Abstract

The Metabolic Fate of Acetate in Cancer

The reviewers discuss how acetate functions as a nutritional source for tumors and as a regulator of cancer cell stress, and how preventing its (re)capture by cancer cells may provide an opportunity for therapeutic intervention. [Nat Rev Cancer] Abstract

Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the mammary cell research field.

Gradalis^®, Inc. Announces Dosing of First Patient in Pilot Study Combining Vigil^® Engineered Autologous Tumor Cell Immunotherapy and Durvalumab in Advanced Breast Cancer

Gradalis^® Inc. announced that the first patient has been dosed in a pilot study combining Vigil^® Engineered Autologous Tumor Cells with durvalumab in advanced breast cancer. [Gradalis^® Inc.] Press Release

Biocept Expands Chinese Patent Protection Covering Key Technologies for Circulating Tumor Cell Capture and Analysis Used in Liquid Biopsy Tests

Biocept, Inc. announced the grant of a Chinese patent entitled, Methods and Reagents for Signal Amplification. The issued patent corresponds to the current Chinese Patent Application No. 201180056340.0 and covers the use of a novel stain in the detection of rare cells such as circulating tumor cells from blood and other biological fluids. [Biocept, Inc.] Press Release

FDA Reaches Agreement with Generics Industry on New GDUFA Commitments

The Food and Drug Administration and the generic drug manufacturing industry — including representatives of generic pharmaceutical manufacturers, active pharmaceutical ingredient manufacturers and contract manufacturing organizations — have reached agreement on a package of program enhancements and resource commitments to reauthorize the Generic Drug User Fee Amendments of 2012 (GDUFA), which are set to expire next year. [Drug Store News] Editorial

NSF Proposes Changes in Use of Costly Rotators for Senior Positions

The National Science Foundation (NSF) believes that having academics spend anywhere from two to four years at the agency before returning to campus helps it identify and fund cutting-edge research. Last year 176 scientists, about 28% of NSF’s scientific workforce, were on such temporary assignments. But NSF’s heavy use of these so-called rotators is unique among government research agencies. And some members of Congress are worried that the government is paying too steep a price for that management strategy. [ScienceInsider] Editorial

NEW 15^th St. Gallen International Breast Cancer Conference 2017
March 15-18, 2016
Vienna, Austria

Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.

NEW Postdoctoral Fellow – Rho GTPase Signaling in the Process of Breast Cancer (University of Leeds)

Faculty Pathologist – Breast Pathology (University of California Los Angeles)

Postdoctoral Researcher – Breast Cancer (Purdue University)

Robert Stowell Chair – Experimental Pathology (University of California, Davis)

Postdoctoral Associate – Bioinformatics of Colorectal and Triple Negative Breast Cancer (University of Miami)

Postdoctoral Position – Metastatic Reactivaction of Cancer (MD Anderson Cancer Center)

Scientific Director – Oncology (Merck)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Various Projects (National University of Singapore)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Breast Cancer Monitoring through Digital Imaging (University Rovira i Virgili)

Manager – Medical and Breast Imaging (Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center)

Director Clinical Research – Medical Oncology (Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center)

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