Mesenchymal Cell News Volume 10.07 | Feb 20 2018

TOP STORY

Exosomal MicroRNA-21-5p Mediates Mesenchymal Stem Cell Paracrine Effects on Human Cardiac Tissue Contractility

Researchers identified lead cardioactive human MSC exosomal microRNAs to provide a mechanistic basis for optimizing future stem cell-based cardiotherapies. [Circ Res] Abstract

(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)

IN VITRO

A Modular Strategy to Engineer Complex Tissues and Organs

A successful tracheal replacement must have radial rigidity to prevent airway collapse during respiration, contain an immunoprotective respiratory epithelium, and integrate with the host vasculature to support epithelium viability. Herein, biopolymer microspheres were used to deliver chondrogenic growth factors to human MSCs seeded in a custom mold that self-assemble into cartilage rings, which can be fused into tubes. [Adv Sci] Full Article

Interaction between Hypothermia and Delayed Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy in Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Injury

The authors found that alteration of the brains’ microenvironment by acute hypothermia treatment modulates MSC function resulting in a pro-inflammatory environment combined with alteration of the homeostatic growth factor milieu in the neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain. [Brain Behav Immun] Full Article

Hematogenous Dissemination of Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Endometriosis

Investigators determined if cells derived from endometriosis could enter vascular circulation and lead to hematogenous dissemination. [Stem Cells] Abstract

Glycans Modify Mesenchymal Stem Cell Differentiation to Impact on the Function of Resulting Osteoblasts

By using an immortalized human MSC line model, investigators showed that both N- and O-glycan processing in the Golgi functionally modulates early steps of osteogenic differentiation. [J Cell Sci] Full Article

The Role of mmu-miR-155-5p-NF-κB Signaling in the Education of Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells by Gastric Cancer Cells

Murine bone marrow-derived MSCs (mMSCs) were isolated and grown in conditioned medium derived from gastric cancer cell line MFC. The tumor-promoting phenotype and function of mMSCs were detected by immunofluorescence staining, quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, cell colony formation assay, transwell migration, and invasion assays. [Cancer Med] Full Article

IN VIVO

Mesenchymal Stem Cells Protect against Hypoxia-Ischemia Brain Damage by Enhancing Autophagy through BDNF/mTOR Signaling Pathway

Using in vitro co-culture of rat cortical primary neurons and MSCs in hypoxic-ischemic (HI) conditions, scientists demonstrated that MSCs help increase BDNF and autophagy markers in the cultures and decrease cells death. They demonstrated a similar mechanism using an in vivo rat model of HI in combination with MSCs transplantation. [Stem Cells] Abstract

Genetic Modification to Induce CXCR2 Overexpression in Mesenchymal Stem Cells Enhances Treatment Benefits in Radiation-Induced Oral Mucositis

Scientists explored the potential therapeutic benefits of the transplantation of CXCR2-overexpressing MSCs (MSCsCXCR2) for mucositis treatment. MSCsCXCR2 exhibited enhanced targeting ability to the inflamed mucosa in radiation/chemical-induced oral mucositis mouse models. [Cell Death Dis] Full Article

Targeting Murine Mesenchymal Stem Cells to Kidney Injury Molecule-1 Improves Their Therapeutic Efficacy in Chronic Ischemic Kidney Injury

Researchers coated mouse adipose tissue-derived MSC with antibodies directed against kidney injury molecule-1, which is upregulated in injured kidneys, and tested the hypothesis that this would enhance their therapeutic effects in ischemic kidney injury. [Stem Cells Transl Med] Full Article

Genetically-Modified Bone Mesenchymal Stem Cells with TGF-β₃ Improve Wound Healing and Reduce Scar Tissue Formation in a Rabbit Model

Scientists investigated the therapeutic effect of bone MSCs that were genetically modified to overexpress transforming growth factor-beta 3 (TGF-β₃), an inhibitor of myofibroblast proliferation and collagen type I deposition, on full-thickness cutaneous wound healing in a rabbit model. [Exp Cell Res] Abstract

Immunomodulatory Plasticity of Mesenchymal Stem Cells: A Potential Key to Successful Solid Organ Transplantation

Understanding the biological factors responsible for subdued responses of MSCs in vivo would allow uninhibited use of this therapy for countless conditions. Scientists summarize the variations in the preclinical and clinical studies utilizing MSCs, discuss the factors which might be responsible for variability in outcome and propose the advancements likely to occur in future for using this as a “boutique/personalised therapy” for patient care. [J Transl Med] Full Article

Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells (BMSCs) Improved Functional Recovery of Spinal Cord Injury Partly by Promoting Axonal Regeneration

Investigators reviewed the role of bone marrrow MSCs in regulating axon regeneration and glial scar formation after spinal cord injury. [Neurochem Int] Abstract

Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the mesenchymal cell research field.

Bone Therapeutics Completes Patient Recruitment for Phase IIa Spinal Fusion Study with ALLOB^®

Bone Therapeutics announced that it has completed the recruitment of its Phase IIa lumbar spinal fusion study with its allogeneic bone-cell therapy product, ALLOB^®. [Bone Therapeutics S.A.] Press Release

Smithfield Bioscience and University of Virginia Announce Regenerative Medicine Research Partnership

Smithfield Foods, Inc. and the University of Virginia School of Engineering & Applied Science announced a research partnership to explore and advance regenerative medicine technologies leveraging porcine bioproducts. [CSRwire LLC.] Press Release

Indonesian Scientists Hamstrung by Year-Long Funding Delay

Indonesian scientists expecting to receive hundreds of thousands of dollars for research are stuck in limbo because the country’s first dedicated science-funding agency is struggling to raise enough money. [Nature News] Editorial

Italian Election Leaves Science Out in the Cold

As campaigning ahead of Italy’s national election enters its final weeks, researchers in the country fear that budget cuts and declining interest in science will only continue — whatever the outcome of the vote. [Nature News] Editorial

Biden Blasts Science Denialists, Calls to Dramatically Speed Up Fight against Cancer

Fresh off a plane from the NATO meeting in Munich, where he’d conferred with world leaders on global defense, former U.S. Vice President Joe Biden issued a forceful call here last night to build on the “Cancer Moonshot” he started while in the White House and transform the way the world fights cancer. [ScienceInsider] Editorial

NEW Gordon Research Conferences: Notch Signaling in Development, Regeneration and Disease
July 22-27, 2018
Lewiston, Maine, United States

Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.

NEW Postdoctoral Research Associate – Obstetrics and Gynecology (University of Illinois)

NEW Senior Stem Cell Scientist – Tissue Engineering (VitroLabs Inc)

NEW Full Professor Position – Cell and Developmental Biology (Max F. Perutz Laboratories)

Lectureship – Stem Cell Biology (University of Edinburgh)

Scientist – Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, (Moderna Therapeutics)

Principal Investigator – Cardiac Cell Repair (Boston Children’s Hospital)

Program Director – Translational Bone Research (Hospital for Special Surgery and Weill Cornell Medicine)

PhD Studentship – Regenerative Sciences (Hannover Biomedical Research School)

Tenure Track Assistant Professor – Cell Biology and Anatomy (University of South Carolina School of Medicine)

Assistant or Associate Professor – Orthopedics & Sports Medicine (University of Washington)

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