Mesenchymal Cell News Volume 10.18 | May 8 2018

TOP STORY

Inter‐Species Incompatibilities Limit the Immunomodulatory Effect of Human Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in the Rat

A well‐established rat corneal transplantation model was used to test the ability of human MSCs to prolong corneal allograft rejection‐free survival using a pre‐transplant intravenous infusion protocol previously shown to be efficacious with allogeneic rat MSCs. [Stem Cells] Abstract

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IN VITRO

Differential Regulation of Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Chondrogenesis by Hypoxia Inducible Factor‐1α Hydroxylase Inhibitors

The authors investigated three hypoxia inducible factor stabilizing compounds to understand how they differentially influence the chondrogenesis of human bone marrow‐derived MSCs in vitro. [Stem Cells] Abstract

Dicer1 Downregulation by Multiple Myeloma Cells Promotes the Senescence and Tumor-Supporting Capacity and Decreases the Differentiation Potential of Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Investigators demonstrated that the senescence of multiple myeloma-MSCs significantly increased, as evidenced by a decrease in proliferation and increase in the number of cells positive for senescence-associated β-galactosidase activity. [Cell Death Dis] Full Article

Iron Overload Promotes Mitochondrial Fragmentation in Mesenchymal Stromal Cells from Myelodysplastic Syndrome Patients through Activation of the AMPK/MFF/Drp1 Pathway

Scientists found that iron overload increased cell apoptosis and lowered cell viability in MSCs, accompanied by extensive mitochondrial fragmentation and autophagy enhancement. [Cell Death Dis] Full Article

Activation of p70S6 Kinase‐1 in Mesenchymal Stem Cells Is Essential to Lung Tissue Repair

Researchers found that in MSCs, p70S6k1 activation plays a critical role in all‐trans retinoic acid‐enhanced lung tissue repair, mediated in part by prolonged survival of transferred MSCs. [Stem Cells Transl Med] Full Article

CPT1C Promotes Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells Survival under Glucose Deprivation through the Modulation of Autophagy

Investigators showed that carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 C (CPT1C) is expressed in human MSCs and protects them against glucose starvation, glycolysis inhibition, and oxygen/glucose deprivation. [Sci Rep] Full Article

The Positive Effect of Chick Embryo and Nutrient Mixture on Bone Marrow- Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Aging Rats

Chick embryo (CE) plus nutrient mixture (NM) increased the telomere length of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and promoted BMSCs proliferation. Moreover, CE plus NM administration promoted BMSCs differentiation into osteoblasts and suppressed differentiation into adipocytes. [Sci Rep] Full Article

Detection of HTLV-1 Proviral DNA in BM Mononuclear Cells and Cultured Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Isolated from Patients with HTLV-1 Infection

Isolated HTLV-1 infected bone marrow (BM)-MSCs demonstrated surface expression markers and in vitro differentiation potential similar to uninfected individuals. The presence of HTLV-1 proviral DNA in the BM-MSCs of HTLV-1-infected patients was demonstrated but no p19 antigen was detected in supernatant from cultured MSCs. [Virology] Abstract

IN VIVO

Mesenchymal Stem Cells Attenuate Blood-Brain Barrier Leakage after Cerebral Ischemia in Mice

Scientists found that intracranial injection of MSCs reduced infarct volume and improved behavioral function in experimental stroke models. [J Neuroinflammation] Full Article

Grafts of Olfactory Stem Cells Restore Breathing and Motor Functions after Rat Spinal Cord Injury

Using an acute rat model of high cervical contusion that provokes a persistent hemidiaphragmatic and foreleg paralysis, the authors evaluated the therapeutic effect of a delayed syngeneic transplantation of olfactory ecto-MSCs within the injured spinal cord. [J Neurotrauma] Abstract

Administration of Cripto in GRP78 Overexpressed Human MSCs Enhances Stem Cell Viability and Angiogenesis during Human MSC Transplantation Therapy

Overexpression of GRP78 along with cripto enhanced human MSC proliferation, migration and invasion. It increased interaction of surface GRP78 receptor with cripto via JAK2/STAT3 pathway. [Cell Prolif] Abstract

Mesenchymal Stem Cell Sheets Exert Anti-Stenotic Effects in a Rat Arterial Injury Model

A rat model of femoral artery injury was used to compare the anti-stenotic effects of transplanted cell sheets and transplanted cell suspensions. Rat adipose-derived stem cells were used as the source of MSCs. [Tissue Eng Part A] Abstract

Development of a Novel Large Animal Model to Evaluate Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells for Articular Cartilage Treatment

Investigators provided the first description of an animal model using dental pulp stem cells to study the differentiation of hyaline articular cartilage in vivo. [Stem Cell Rev] Abstract

TGF-β Family Signaling in Mesenchymal Differentiation

Scientists focus on the roles of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) family signaling in mesenchymal lineage commitment and differentiation into osteoblasts, chondrocytes, myoblasts, adipocytes, and tenocytes. [Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol] Abstract

Dental Pulp Stem Cells in Regenerative Medicine

The authors describe the ontogeny of dental pulp stem cells (DPSC); the laboratory processing and collection of DPSC; the immuno-cytochemical characterization of DPSC; the differentiation between adult DPSC and DPSC obtained from exfoliated deciduous teeth and their potential use in regenerative medicine procedures in the future both in dental and general medical applications. [Br Dent J] Abstract

Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the mesenchymal cell research field.

Creative Medical Technology Holdings Files Patent on Anti-Aging Technology Using AmnioStem Stem Cells

Creative Medical Technology Holdings announced filing of patent application number 62663912 covering the use of its AmnioStem^™ stem cells as a means of reducing/reversing natural aging. [Creative Medical Technology] Press Release

Cynata Therapeutics Receives Notice of Allowance from European Patent Office for Cymerus^™ Patent Application

Cynata Therapeutics Limited announced that a Notice of Allowance has been received from the European Patent Office (EPO) for a patent application covering its proprietary Cymerus^™ MSC technology. [Cynata Therapeutics Limited] Press Release

Postdoc Hopes Pennsylvania Voters Will Help Her Re-Engineer How to Run for Congress

A postdoctoral researcher at the University of Pennsylvania who designs proteins for possible use in treating cancer, Sheehan has ignored conventional wisdom about the importance of raising tons of money to spread her message that she’s “a mother, a bioengineer, [and a] proud progressive.” Instead, she’s urging scientists and others in the community to offer their considerable skills to work for candidates they support. [ScienceInsider] Editorial

Basic Scientists Still Feel Pinch of New NIH Clinical Trial Policy

Basic researchers who study the brain and human behavior thought lawmakers had come to their rescue in March by blocking the National Institutes of Health (NIH) from redefining their studies as clinical trials. But NIH officials are still pushing ahead with new requirements that scientists say make no sense and will cripple their research. [ScienceInsider] Editorial

NEW 26^th European Orthopaedic Research Society (EORS) 2018
September 25-28, 2018
Galway, Ireland

Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.

NEW Postdoctoral Position – Stem Cells, Regenerative Biology (Helmholtz Zentrum München)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Cell Biology and Disease (European Molecular Biology Laboratory)

Senior Lecturer – Cell Biology and Genetics (University of Chicago)

Postdoctoral Position – Cell Biology (University of Houston)

Review Scientists – Gene and Cell Therapy (Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research)

Postdoctoral Fellow/Senior Scientist – Aortic Aneurysm and Postnatal Bone Growth (Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai)

Scientist – Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology (Moderna Therapeutics)

Assistant Professor – Regenerative Medicine (University of California, San Diego)

Postdoctoral Research Fellow – Musculoskeletal Tissue Regeneration (University of South Dakota)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Bone Biology (Cornell University)

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