Mesenchymal Cell News Volume 10.20 | May 22 2018

TOP STORY

Hypoxia Induces Senescence of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells via Altered Gut Microbiota

Investigators observed premature senescence of bone marrow MSCs and abnormal D-galactose accumulation in patients with cyanotic congenital heart disease. The hypoxia that these patients experienced resulted in an altered diversity of gut microbial communities, with a remarkable decrease in the number of Lactobacilli and a noticeable reduction in the amount of enzyme-degraded D-galactose. [Nat Commun] Full Article

(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)

IN VITRO

Small Hypoxia-Primed Mesenchymal Stem Cells Attenuate Graft-versus-Host Disease

Scientists showed that small MSCs primed with hypoxia and calcium ions exhibited enhanced stemness and immunomodulatory functions for treating allogeneic conflicts. [Leukemia] Abstract

RXRα Provokes Tumor Suppression through p53/p21/p16 and PI3K-AKT Signaling Pathways during Stem Cell Differentiation and in Cancer Cells

Retinoid X receptor alpha (RXRα) was significantly upregulated following the differentiation of human MSCs toward the formation of endothelial cells. [Cell Death Dis] Full Article

Mesenchymal Stem Cells and T Cells in the Formation of Tertiary Lymphoid Structures in Lupus Nephritis

Researchers investigated the presence of MSCs in the development of tertiary lymphoid structures in murine lupus nephritis (LN), as well as the role of human MSCs as lymphoid tissue organizer cells on the activation of CD4⁺ T cells from three groups of donors including healthy, SLE and LN patients. [Sci Rep] Full Article

The Cytokine Secretion Profile of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Is Determined by Surface Structure of the Microenvironment

The authors cultured human bone marrow and kidney perivascular stromal cells in the TopoWell plate, a custom-fabricated multi-well plate containing 76 unique bioactive surface topographies. Using fluorescent imaging, they observed profound changes in cell shape, accompanied by major quantitative changes in the secretory capacity of the MSCs. [Sci Rep] Full Article

IN VIVO

Blocking Nox2 Improves Mesenchymal Stem Cells Therapy in Myocardial Infarction via Antagonizing Oxidant and Promoting Survival

Nox2 inhibitor and Nox2 siRNA were used to block Nox2 in bone marrow MSCs (BMSCs), and the cell viability, apoptosis, senescence and survival of BMSCs were determined by CCK-8, Edu staining, TUNEL staining, β-galactosidase assay and DAPI labeling. [J Cell Physiol] Abstract

Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Induce a Permissive State in the Bone Marrow that Enhances G-CSF-Induced Hematopoietic Stem Cell Mobilization in Mice

Scientists studied the effect of MSC administration on the hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) compartment in the bone marrow (BM) in mice. Following injection of MSC, HSC numbers in the BM decreased coinciding with an increased cell cycle activity compared to PBS-injected controls. [Exp Hematol] Abstract

Extracellular Matrix Protein DMP1 Suppresses Osteogenic Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Dentin matrix protein 1 (DMP1) conditional knockout mice model under Prx1cre was generated to explore whether DMP1 regulates MSCs osteogenic differentiation. Specific ablation of DMP1 in Prx1 positive MSCs increased bone mass in vivo and promoted osteoblasts activity in vitro. [Biochem Biophys Res Commun] Abstract

Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Based Therapy for Cardiovascular Disease: Progress and Challenges

Administration of MSCs to diseased hearts improves cardiac function and reduces scar. These effects occur via stimulation of endogenous repair mechanisms, including regulation of immune responses, tissue perfusion, inhibition of fibrosis and proliferation of resident cardiac cells. [Mol Ther] Abstract | Graphical Abstract

Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the mesenchymal cell research field.

KU Medical Center Receives FDA Clearance to Proceed with Phase I Trial in Graft-versus-Host Disease Patients

The University of Kansas Medical Center announced that the FDA has cleared it to begin a first-in-human clinical trial of MSCTC-0010 in patients with de novo high-risk acute or steroid-refractory acute graft-versus-host disease. [The University of Kansas Medical Center (Newswise, Inc.)] Press Release

Longeveron Receives TEDCO Grant to Fund Stem Cell Research

Longeveron LLC announced that it has received a $750,000 grant from the Maryland Technology Development Corporation (TEDCO). Longeveron will apply the funding towards its clinical trial examining the safety and efficacy of its allogeneic MSC product to improve flu vaccine immune-response in elderly patients with frailty. [Longeveron LLC (PR Newswire Association, LLC.)] Press Release

Science Needs Clarity on Europe’s Data-Protection Law

As a commendable European law on personal data comes into force, the research community must not let excessive caution about data sharing, however understandable, become the default position. [Nature News] Editorial

Indonesian Plan to Clamp Down on Foreign Scientists Draws Protest

The government’s proposals include stricter rules, and tougher penalties for researchers who break existing ones. [Nature News] Editorial

Defeated but Unbowed: Two Pennsylvania Scientists Regroup after Primary Loss

Two young scientists are picking up the pieces after Pennsylvania voters shattered their dreams of winning a seat in the U.S. House of Representatives. But neither is planning to walk away from politics. [ScienceInsider] Editorial

Congress Tees Up a Vote that Could Send ‘Right-to-Try’ Measure to Trump’s Desk

Patients with life-threatening conditions could soon have a new way to ask drug makers for medicines the FDA hasn’t yet approved, if the House is able to clear a version of “right-to-try” legislation. [STAT News] Editorial

NEW International Society for Cellular Therapy (ISCT) EU 2018 Regional Meeting
September 12-14, 2018
Firenze, Italy

Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.

NEW Postdoctoral Researcher – Skeletal Cell Metabolism in Bone Pathology and Regeneration (KU Leuven)

Postdoctoral Researcher – Osteoarthritis and MSCs (NUI Galway)

Postdoctoral Position – Stem Cells, Regenerative Biology (Helmholtz Zentrum München)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Cell Biology and Disease (European Molecular Biology Laboratory)

Senior Lecturer – Cell Biology and Genetics (University of Chicago)

Postdoctoral Position – Cell Biology (University of Houston)

Review Scientists – Gene and Cell Therapy (Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research)

Postdoctoral Fellow/Senior Scientist – Aortic Aneurysm and Postnatal Bone Growth (Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai)

Scientist – Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology (Moderna Therapeutics)

Assistant Professor – Regenerative Medicine (University of California, San Diego)

Postdoctoral Research Fellow – Musculoskeletal Tissue Regeneration (University of South Dakota)

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