Mesenchymal Cell News 10.28 July 17, 2018 | |
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TOP STORYInvestigators identifed peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1-α (PGC-1α) as a critical switch of cell fate decisions whose expression decreased with aging in human and mouse skeletal stem cells (SSCs). Loss of PGC-1α promoted adipogenic differentiation of murine SSCs at the expense of osteoblastic differentiation. [Cell Stem Cell] Abstract | Press Release | Graphical Abstract | |
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PUBLICATIONS(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)IN VITROCartilage Tissue Formation through Assembly of Microgels Containing Mesenchymal Stem Cells Scientists designed a higher order tissue-like structure using injectable cell-laden microgels as the building blocks to achieve human bone marrow-derived MSC long-term maintenance and chondrogenesis. This assembled microgel construct encouraged upregulation of chondrogenesis markers in both gene and glycosaminoglycan expression levels. [Acta Biomater] Abstract | Graphical Abstract Role of AP-1 Complex in Phenotype of Human Osteosarcomas Generated from Mesenchymal Stem Cells Researchers demonstrated that AP-1 family members induce osteosarcomagenesis in immortalized hMSC. c-JUN or c-JUN/c-FOS overexpression acted as tumorigenic factors generating OS with fibroblastic or pleomorphic osteoblastic phenotypes, respectively. [Stem Cells] Abstract Investigators treated adipose derived stem cells (ASC) isolated from equine metabolic syndrome (EMS) individuals with a combination of 5-azacytydine (AZA) and resveratrol (RES) in order to reverse their aged phenotype and enhance osteogenic differentiation. AZA/RES significantly enhanced early osteogenesis of ASC derived from EMS animals. They proved that AZA/RES exerted its beneficial effects by modulating autophagy and mitochondrial dynamics through PARKIN and RUNX-2 activity. [J Cell Mol Med] Full Article Levamisole displayed a significant suppressive effect on the in vitro adipogenic differentiation of aplastic anaemia (AA) bone marrow MSCs (BM-MSCs). Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1 beta (PPARGC1B) whose 3′-untranslated region bears adenine-uridine-rich elements was verified as a direct downstream target of ZFP36L1, and knock-down of PPARGC1B impaired the adipogenesis of AA BM-MSCs. [J Cell Mol Med] Full Article Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells in a 3D Woven Scaffold Scientists developed a weavable, bioactive biodegradable composite fiber from poly (lactic acid) and hydroxyapatite powder by melt spinning. Scaffolds of these fibers were fabricated by 3D weaving. The differentiation of human MSCs in vitro was studied on the 3D scaffolds and compared with differentiation on 2D substrates having the same material composition. [Sci Rep] Full Article Researchers evaluated the effect on MSC cultivation of hyaluronan hybrid cooperative complexes (HCC) that were obtained from high and low weight molecules (NAHYCO™). 0,16% HCC significantly delayed senescence compared with the controls. This occurred without alteration of the cell cycle, cytotoxicity, or apoptosis. [Aging (Albany NY)] Full Article IN VIVOCompared to exosome-mimetic nanovesicles (NV) prepared from untreated human MSCs, NV-iron oxide nanoparticle (NV-IONP) not only contained IONPs which acted as a magnet-guided navigation tool but also carried greater amounts of therapeutic growth factors that could be delivered to the target cells. In vivo systemic injection of NV-IONP with magnetic guidance significantly increased the amount of NV-IONP accumulating in the injured spinal cord. [Nano Lett] Abstract | Graphical Abstract Scientists demonstrated that mechanical stimuli could regulate osteogenesis and bone formation both in vivo and in vitro. They found an activating effect of WNT5A and FZD4 that regulated bone formation in response to hindlimb unloading in mice, and pretreatment with WNT5A or activation of the expression of FZD4 partly rescued the osteoporosis caused by mechanical unloading. [Cell Physiol Biochem] Full Article Subscribe to one of our other 19 science newsletters such as ESC & iPSC News & Cell Therapy News. | |
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REVIEWSThe Mesenchymoangioblast, Mesodermal Precursor for Mesenchymal and Endothelial Cells The authors summarize the specification and developmental potential of mesenchymoangioblasts (MBs), emphasize features that distinguish MBs from other mesenchymal progenitors described in the literature and discuss the value of these findings for identifying molecular pathways leading to MSC and vasculogenic cell specification, and developing cellular therapies using MB-derived progeny. [Cell Mol Life Sci] Abstract Investigators discuss a “hMSC checklist” as a guide to establishing which identity and potency assays to implement when studying human MSCs (hMSCs). The checklist includes markers, differentiation potential, proliferation & growth, attachment & migration, genomic stability and paracrine activity. [Stem Cells Dev] Abstract Current Status of Proteomics in Ewing’s Sarcoma Ewing’s sarcoma is characterized by chromosomal translocations resulting in the formation of chimeric fusions between the EWS gene and transcription factors of the ETS family, such as EWS-FLI-1. Proteomic approaches have been used to assess the effects of unique genes and drugs on Ewing’s sarcoma and to determine specific biomarker candidates for the prediction of drug resistance and recurrence. [Proteomics Clin Appl] Abstract Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the mesenchymal cell research field. | |
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SCIENCE NEWSDr. Joshua Hare to Present Longeveron Regenerative Stem Cell Research In his presentation, “Can Stem Cells Spark the Regenerative Powers of the Human Brain?,” Dr. Hare discussed the role Longeveron manufactured mesenchymal stem cells play to treat a host of human diseases related to brain health, cognition, and mood including Alzheimer’s disease and aging frailty. [Press release from Longeveron LLC discussing research presented at the 6th annual Aspen BrainLab, Aspen] Press Release | |
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INDUSTRY NEWSMesoblast Enters into Strategic Cardiovascular Alliance for China with Tasly Pharmaceutical Group Mesoblast Limited announced that it has entered into a strategic alliance with one of China’s largest pharmaceutical companies, Tasly Pharmaceutical Group, for the development, manufacture and commercialization in China of Mesoblast’s allogeneic mesenchymal precursor cell product candidates MPC-150-IM for the treatment or prevention of chronic heart failure and MPC-25-IC for the treatment or prevention of acute myocardial infarction. [Mesoblast Ltd] Download Press Release DFG to Fund 14 New Collaborative Research Centers The Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) has approved the establishment of 14 new collaborative research centers to further support top-level research at German universities. [Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft] Press Release HSS Receives $5.6 Million Grant to Support Genomics Research to Prevent and Repair Tissue Damage Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) announced that The Tow Foundation pledged an additional $5.6 million to transform the Center’s impact by highlighting translational research and expanding its focus from autoimmune disease to more broadly address the major musculoskeletal conditions which are seen every day at HSS. [Hospital for Special Surgery] Press Release | |
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POLICY NEWSWomen Maintain NIH Funding Similar to Men: Study Of nearly 35,000 researchers who received funding from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) between 1991 and 2010, men and women maintain funding at roughly the same rates. [The Scientist] Editorial Canadian Researchers Get Funding Boost to Train Next Generation of Science and Engineering Leaders Kirsty Duncan, minister of science and minister of sport and persons with disabilities, announced $29.7 million in Collaborative Research and Training Experience (CREATE) grants to 18 Canadian research teams across the country who are working to further discovery and innovation. [University of Calgary] Editorial
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EVENTSNEW Lorne Cancer Conference 2019 Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.
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JOB OPPORTUNITIESNEW PhD Student Positions – Regenerative Medicine (University Medical Center Utrecht) Senior Lecturer – Stromal Immunology (University of Aberdeen) Research Assistant – Synthetic Scaffolds for Tendon Repair (University of Oxford) NEW Faculty Position – Cellular Physiology and Engineering (Mayo Clinic) Research Fellow – Stem Cell Biology and Engineering (New York Blood Center) Postdoctoral Positions – Cell Biology (Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia) Recruit Top Talent: Reach potential candidates by posting your organization’s career opportunities on the Connexon Creative Job Board at no cost.
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