Mesenchymal Cell News Volume 11.12 | Apr 2 2019

TOP STORY

Intramyocardial Injection of Mesenchymal Precursor Cells and Successful Temporary Weaning from Left Ventricular Assist Device Support in Patients with Advanced Heart Failure

Scientists assessed efficacy and adverse effects of intramyocardial injections of mesenchymal precursor cells (MPCs) during left ventricular assist device implant. [JAMA] Abstract

(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)

IN VITRO

Up-Regulation of FOXD1 by YAP Alleviates Senescence and Osteoarthritis

Investigators identified a critical role for Yes-associated protein (YAP), a major effector of Hippo signaling, in maintaining a younger state of human MSCs (hMSCs) and ameliorating osteoarthritis in mice. Targeted knockout of YAP in hMSCs resulted in premature cellular senescence. [PLoS Biol] Full Article

Maintenance of Nucleolar Homeostasis by CBX4 Alleviates Senescence and Osteoarthritis

Researchers demonstrated that CBX4 counteracted human MSC (hMSC) aging via the maintenance of nucleolar homeostasis. CBX4 protein was downregulated in aged hMSCs, whereas CBX4 knockout in hMSCs resulted in destabilized nucleolar heterochromatin, enhanced ribosome biogenesis, increased protein translation, and accelerated cellular senescence. [Cell Rep] Full Article | Editorial | Graphical Abstract

Convergence of TGFβ and BMP Signaling in Regulating Human Bone Marrow Stromal Cell Differentiation

Activation of TGFβ signaling in human bone marrow MSC non-bone forming (hBMSC^−Bone) cells using either recombinant TGFβ1 protein or knockdown of SERPINB2 TGFβ-responsive gene partially restored their osteoblastic differentiation potential. Similarly, the activation of BMP signaling using exogenous BMP4 or via siRNA-mediated knockdown of NOG partially restored the differentiation phenotype of hBMSC^−Bone cells. [Sci Rep] Full Article

Optimization of Lentiviral Transduction Parameters and Its Application for CRISPR-Based Secretome Modification of Human Endometrial Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Investigators aimed to optimize human endometrium-derived MSC (hMESC) transduction parameters and apply clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas9 technology for genome and secretome modification. The fate of hMESCs transduced either in the presence of polybrene or protamine sulfate was assessed by alterations in CD expression profile, growth rate, cell size, migration capability, osteogenic, adipogenic, and decidual differential potentials. [Cell Cycle] Abstract

IN VIVO

Early Intravenous Infusion of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Exerts a Tissue Source Age-Dependent Beneficial Effect on Neurovascular Integrity and Neurobehavioral Recovery after Traumatic Cervical Spinal Cord Injury

A moderately severe cervical clip compression/contusion injury was induced at C7-T1 in adult female rats, followed by an intravenous tail vein infusion one-hour post-spinal cord injury of term-birth human umbilical cord perivascular cells; first-trimester human umbilical cord perivascular cells; adult bone marrow MSCs; or vehicle control. [Stem Cells Transl Med] Abstract | Full Article

Mitochondria Transfer from Mesenchymal Stem Cells Structurally and Functionally Repairs Renal Proximal Tubular Epithelial Cells in Diabetic Nephropathy In Vivo

Scientists investigated mitochondria (Mt) transfer from systemically administered bone marrow-derived-MSCs (BM-MSCs) to renal proximal tubular epithelial cells (PTECs) in streptozotocin-induced diabetic animals. BM-MSCs also transferred their Mt to impaired PTECs when co-cultured in vitro, which suppressed apoptosis of impaired PTECs. [Sci Rep] Full Article

Effective Use of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Human Skin Substitutes Generated by Tissue Engineering

Researchers compared four types of heterotypical human bioengineered skin generated using MSCs as an alternative epithelial cell source. Adipose-tissue-derived stem cells, dental pulp stem cells, Wharton’s jelly stem cells, and bone marrow stem cells were used for epidermal regeneration on top of dermal skin substitutes. [Eur Cell Mater] Abstract | Full Article

Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation Enhances Nerve Regeneration in a Rat Model of Hindlimb Replantation

Twenty rats underwent replantation after total hindlimb amputation. Animals were subdivided into two groups: a replanted but nontreated control group and a replanted and bone marrow MSC-transplanted group. Three months after surgery, nerve regeneration was assessed using functional, electrophysiologic, histomorphologic, and immunohistochemical analyses. [Plast Reconstr Surg] Abstract

Intra-Arterial Renal Infusion of Autologous Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease in Cats: Phase I Clinical Trial

Adipose tissue was harvested from study animals on day zero. On days 2 and 14, an infusion of MSC in stromal vascular fraction was administered into the renal artery via the femoral or carotid artery using fluoroscopic guidance. Serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen concentration, plasma iohexol clearance, and quality of life assessments were monitored between days 0 and 90. [J Vet Intern Med] Abstract | Full Article

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Long Noncoding RNAs: A Missing Link in Osteoporosis

The authors present an integrative revision on the studies that implicate long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in osteoporosis and that support their potential use as therapeutic tools. Current evidence on lncRNAs involvement in cellular and molecular mechanisms linked to osteoporosis and its major complication, fragility fractures, is reviewed. [Bone Res] Full Article

Harnessing the Mesenchymal Stem Cell Secretome for Regenerative Urology

Preclinical studies have demonstrated the therapeutic benefits of the MSC secretome in models of stress urinary incontinence, renal disease, bladder dysfunction and erectile dysfunction. However, the specific mechanisms underpinning therapeutic activity are unclear and require further research before clinical translation. [Nat Rev Urol] Abstract

Cell Therapy for Knee Osteoarthritis: Mesenchymal Stromal Cells

Cell-based therapies involving the delivery of MSCs to the osteoarthritic knee joint have emerged as a potential solution to overcome this clinical shortcoming. The investigators address the clinical evidence, challenges, and recent advances surrounding MSC treatment in knee osteoarthritis. [Gerontology] Full Article

Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the mesenchymal cell research field.

Two BrainStorm Scientific Abstracts Accepted for Presentation

BrainStorm Cell Therapeutics Inc. announced that two scientific abstracts have been accepted for presentation. [Press release from Brainstorm Cell Therapeutics Inc. discussing research to be presented at the 71^st American Academy of Neurology Annual Meeting (AAN), Philadelphia] Press Release

Orgenesis Signs Master Service and Joint Venture Agreement with TheraCell Advanced Biotechnology for the Development of Cell and Gene Therapies

Orgenesis Inc. announced that it has entered into a Master Service and Joint Venture Agreement with TheraCell Advanced Biotechnology for the clinical development and commercialization of cell and gene therapies. [Orgensis Inc.] Press Release

Cell Press Partners with the Gladstone Institutes to Support the Ogawa-Yamanaka Stem Cell Prize

The Gladstone Institutes awards the annual Ogawa-Yamanaka Stem Cell Prize to leading scientists whose work brings discoveries in cellular reprogramming closer to clinical applications. This year, the Cell Press group is forming a partnership with Gladstone to support this important prize. [Gladstone Institutes] Press Release

National Academy of Sciences Will Vote on Ejecting Sexual Harassers

The U.S. National Academy of Sciences in Washington, D.C., will ask its members this month to change the organization’s bylaws to allow proven sexual harassers and those guilty of other misconduct to be ejected from their ranks. That’s a first for the prestigious organization that advises the U.S. government on scientific issues: Its members, who are voted in by other members, have always been elected for life. [ScienceInsider] Editorial

University Fights Restrictive Indiana Law on Fetal Tissue Research

A three-judge panel of the Seventh U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals overturned a lower court decision that an Indiana law criminalizing much fetal tissue research is unconstitutionally vague. The ruling moves such work closer to being a felony in the Hoosier State. It’s the most significant court decision yet on laws recently passed in at least seven states that restrict research on tissue from elective abortions. [ScienceInsider] Editorial

NEW Cell Symposia: Hallmarks of Cancer
November 17-19, 2019
Seattle, Washington, United States

Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.

NEW Senior Research Fellow – Stem Cell & Cancer Research (Gillies McIndoe Research Institute)

Postdoctoral Fellowship – Molecular Oncology (Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine)

Junior Professorship – Translational Pediatric Sarcoma Research (German Research Center)

Associate Professor – Department of Endocrinology (University of Southern Denmark)

Assistant Professor – Medical Biotechnology (Aarhus University)

Cell Biologist – MSCs & Liver Disease (Hepatx Corporation)

Postdoctoral Fellow & Research Associate – Morphogenetic Signaling Pathways (University of Rochester Medical Center)

Faculty Position – Bioengineering (University of Pittsburgh)

Assistant Professor – Biomedical Engineering (Binghamton University)

Assistant Professor – Sarcoma or Skeletal Related Malignancies (University of California at Davis)

Assistant Professor – Department of Biological Sciences (Rutgers University Newark)

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