Mesenchymal Cell News Volume 11.31 | Aug 13 2019

TOP STORY

Rapid Fabrication of Vascularized and Innervated Cell-Laden Bone Models with Biomimetic Intrafibrillar Collagen Mineralization

The authors describe a biomimetic approach where a supersaturated calcium and phosphate medium was used in combination with a non-collagenous protein analog to direct the deposition of nanoscale apatite, both in the intra- and extrafibrillar spaces of collagen embedded with osteoprogenitor, vascular, and neural cells. [Nat Commun] Full Article | Press Release

(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)

IN VITRO

Transit Amplifying Cells Coordinate Mouse Incisor Mesenchymal Stem Cell Activation

Using mouse incisor as the model, investigators discovered a population of MSCs neiboring to the mesenchymal transit amplifying cells (MTACs) and epithelial stem cells. With Notch signaling as the key regulator, they disclosed molecular proof and lineage tracing evidence showing the distinct MSCs contribute to incisor MTACs and the other mesenchymal cell lineages. [Nat Commun] Full Article

Exosome Surface Glycans Reflect Osteogenic Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Profiling by an Evanescent Field Fluorescence-Assisted Lectin Array System

Researchers examined glycan profiles of small extracellular vesicles which are generally termed exosomes before and after osteogenic differentiation of adipose-derived MSCs by an evanescent field fluorescence-assisted-lectin array system to discover glycan biomarkers for osteogenic differentiation. They found few differences between exosomes before and after osteogenic differentiation of MSCs in terms of fundamental characteristics such as size, morphology, and exosomal marker proteins. [Sci Rep] Full Article

Fate Distribution and Regulatory Role of Human Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in Engineered Hematopoietic Bone Organs

Investigators combined genetic tools and quantitative confocal microscopy to engineer and subsequently analyze human bone marrow-derived (h)MSCs’ fate and distribution in humanized ectopic ossicles. Implanted hMSCs reconstituted a humanized environment including osteocytes, osteoblasts, adipocytes and stromal cells associated with vessels. [iScience] Abstract | Graphical Abstract

IN VIVO

MSC Modulate Peripheral Stress-Induced Innate Immune Activation Indirectly Limiting the Emergence of Neuroinflammation and Depressive / Anxiety-Like Behaviors

Murine repeated social defeat (RSD)-induced innate immune activation as well as depressive and anxiety-like behaviors were assessed in unstressed, RSD and RSD + human MSC groups. Biodistribution and fate studies were performed to inform potential mechanisms of action. [Biol Psychiatry] Abstract | Press Release

Selective Inhibition of Mutant IDH1 by DS-1001b Ameliorates Aberrant Histone Modifications and Impairs Tumor Activity in Chondrosarcoma

DS-1001b, a novel, orally bioavailable, selective mutant isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH1) inhibitor, impaired the proliferation of chondrosarcoma cells with IDH1 mutations in vitro and in vivo, and decreased 2-HG levels. RNA-seq analysis showed that inhibition of mutant IDH1 promoted chondrocyte differentiation in the conventional chondrosarcoma L835 cell line and caused cell cycle arrest in the dedifferentiated JJ012 cell line. [Oncogene] Full Article

Differentiation of Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells into Neuron/Motoneuron-Like Cells for Cell Replacement Therapy of Spinal Cord Injury

A stepwise and efficient human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSC) trans-differentiation protocol with retinoic acid, sonic hedgehog, and neurotrophic factors was developed. With this protocol hADSCs could be converted into electrophysiologically active motoneuron-like cells, which expressed both a cohort of pan neuronal markers and motor neuron specific markers. [Cell Death Dis] Full Article

Macrophages Educated with Exosomes from Primed Mesenchymal Stem Cells Treat Acute Radiation Syndrome by Promoting Hematopoietic Recovery

Functionally unique phenotypes were observed by educating macrophages with exosomes from MSCs (EEMs) primed with bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) at different concentrations. LPS-high EEMs were significantly more effective than uneducated macrophages, MSCs, EEMs, or LPS-low EEMs in extending survival after lethal ARS in vivo. [Biol Blood Marrow Transplant] Abstract

Aortic Remodeling Induced by Obstructive Apneas Is Normalized with Mesenchymal Stem Cells Infusion

Scientists assessed vascular remodeling, its mechanisms, and the effect of MSC infusions in a clinically relevant rat model of chronic obstructive sleep apnea syndrome involving recurrent airway obstructions leading thoracic pressure swings and intermittent hypoxia/hypercapnia. Another group of rats were placed in the same setup without air obstructions and were considered controls. [Sci Rep] Full Article

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Efficacy of Stem Cell-Based Therapies for Stroke

Bone marrow stem cells (BMSC) and MSCs have been shown to enhance neurogenesis in pre-clinical models in intracerebral transplantations, but lack clinical evidence to support this therapeutic approach in patients and appear to be less effective than neural stem cells. Intravenous and intra-arterial administration of BMSCs and MSCs have shown more promise, where their effects are largely mediated through neuroprotective mechanisms. [Brain Res] Abstract

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IMAC’s BioFirma Subsidiary Announces Registered Status with US Food and Drug Administration

IMAC Holdings, Inc. announced its BioFirma subsidiary has received “Registered” status with the FDA. This registration permits the BioFirma laboratory to package, process, store, label and distribute human cells and tissue. [IMAC Holdings, Inc.] Press Release

CHA Biotech Wins Patent for Placenta-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells

CHA Biotech said that it has obtained a patent for the use of placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cell lines. By acquiring the patent, the company has secured the right to develop treatments for degenerative neurological diseases using placental-derived mesenchymal stem cells. [Korea Biomedical Review] Press Release

UC Faculty Members Quit Cell Press Editorial Boards over Impasse with Publisher

Some of the University of California’s (UC’s) most prominent scientists have announced they will resign from editorial boards of Cell Press to protest the continuing impasse between its owner, publishing giant Elsevier, and UC over subscription costs and open access to articles. [ScienceInsider] Editorial

Academia to FBI on Monitoring Chinese Scientists: “Tread Carefully”

Nearly two dozen higher education groups warn the government to be cautious when advising US research universities to keep an eye on students and faculty with ties to certain Chinese institutions. [The Scientist] Editorial

NEW From Stem Cell Biology to New Therapies
November 6-8, 2019
Toronto, Ontario, Canada

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NEW Postdoctoral Researcher – MSCs in Accelerated Aging Treatment (MD Anderson Cancer Center)

Scientific Communications Coordinator (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

Postdcotral Research – MSC Donation (MD Anderson Cancer Center)

Postdoctoral Researcher – Sarcoma and Leukemia (Cedars-Sinai Medical Center)

Postdoctoral Scientist – Sarcoma and Leukemia (Cedars-Sinai Medical Center)

Research Fellow – Regenerative Medicine (ROHTO Advanced Research)

Tenure-Track Position – Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine (Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Mesenchymal Tumor Invasion Research (Luxembourg Institute of Health)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Immunology & Respiratory Disease Research with MSCs (Boehringer Ingelheim)

Development Scientist – Cell Therapy (GE)

Postdoctoral Researchers – Cardiometabolic Diseases (Columbia University Medical Center)

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