Mesenchymal Cell News Volume 11.40 | Oct 15 2019

TOP STORY

Transcriptomic Profiling of the Myeloma Bone-Lining Niche Reveals BMP Signaling Inhibition to Improve Bone Disease

Using transcriptomic profiling of isolated bone lining cell subtypes from a murine myeloma model, the authors found that bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling was upregulated in stromal progenitor cells. BMP signaling had not previously been reported to be dysregulated in myeloma bone disease. [Nat Commun] Full Article

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IN VITRO

Accelerated Bone Regeneration by Gold Nanoparticles-Loaded Mesoporous Silica through Stimulating Immunomodulation

The authors investigated the modulatory effects of gold nanoparticle-loaded mesoporous silica nanoparticles (Au-MSNs) on macrophages and the subsequent effects on the behavior of osteoblastic lineage cells. They demonstrated that Au-MSNs could generate a favorable immune microenvironment by stimulating an anti-inflammatory response and promoting the secretion of osteogenic cytokines by macrophages. [ACS Appl Mater Interfaces] Abstract

ETS Proteins Bind with Glucocorticoid Receptors: Relevance for Treatment of Ewing Sarcoma

Following steroid-dependent translocation of FLI1 and the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) to the nucleus, the FLI1-specific domain bound with GR and strongly enhanced GR’s transcriptional activity. This interaction could have functional consequences in Ewing sarcoma, childhood and adolescence bone malignancies driven by fusions between EWSR1 and FLI1. [Cell Rep] Full Article | Graphical Abstract

Inhibition of Tet1- and Tet2-Mediated DNA Demethylation Promotes Immunomodulation of Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells

Researchers showed that member of the Ten-eleven translocation (Tet) family, a group of DNA demethylases, were capable of regulating periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSC) immunomodulatory functions. Tet1 and Tet2 deficiency enhanced PDLSC-induced T cell apoptosis and ameliorate the disease phenotype in colitis mice. [Cell Death Dis] Full Article

Nuclear Shape, Protrusive Behavior and In Vivo Retention of Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Is Controlled by Lamin-A/C Expression

Investigators demonstrated that human MSCs displayed remarkable low migratory behavior compared to other mesodermal-derived primary human cell types. They revealed that specifically in MSCs the nucleus was irregularly shaped and nuclear lamina were prone to wrinkling. [Sci Rep] Full Article

The Interplay between Chondrocyte Spheroids and Mesenchymal Stem Cells Boosts Cartilage Regeneration within a 3D Natural-Based Hydrogel

The authors developed a more physiologically representative co-culture system to investigate the influence of MSCs on the activity of chondrocytes. A thermo-sensitive chitosan-based hydrogel, ionically crosslinked with β-glycerophosphate, was optimized to obtain sol/gel transition at physiological conditions within five minutes, high porosity with pores diameter <30µm, and in vitro mechanical integrity with compressive and equilibrium Young’s moduli of 37 kPa and 17 kPa, respectively. [Sci Rep] Full Article

IN VIVO

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Affects Odontoblastic Differentiation of Dental Papilla Cells via Toll-Like Receptor 4 Signaling in Offspring

Scientists analyzed the effects of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) on odontoblastic differentiation of dental papilla cells and dentin formation in offspring and investigated their underlying mechanisms. A GDM rat model was induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin and offspring were collected. [J Cell Physiol] Abstract

Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomal MicroRNA-146a-5p and MicroRNA-548e-5p on Human Trophoblast Cells

Researchers investigated whether exosomal miRNAs from amniotic fluid-derived MSCs (AF-MSCs) could regulate the inflammatory response of the human trophoblast cell line HTR8/SVneo. They verified the anti-inflammatory effects of AF-MSCs on lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory trophoblast cells and found that miR-146a-5p and miR-548e-5p in the AF-MSC-derived exosomes regulated nuclear factor kappa, AKT, and mitogen-activated protein kinase protein phosphorylation. [Mol Hum Reprod] Full Article

The Effect of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Sheets on Early Healing of the Achilles Tendon in Rats

Scientists investigated the efficacy of interposed scaffold-free bone marrow derived MSC (BMSC) sheets on early Achilles tendon healing in rats. BMSCs were isolated from the femora and tibias of male Sprague-Dawley rats aged 8 to 12 weeks and BMSC sheets were produced on temperature-responsive culture dishes. [Tissue Eng Part A] Abstract

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Concise Review: Intraoperative Strategies for Minimal Manipulation of Autologous Adipose Tissue for Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapies

Scientists review and discuss the options, advantages, and limitations of the major strategies alternative to enzymatic processing currently developed for minimal manipulation of adipose tissue. [Stem Cells Transl Med] Abstract

Mesenchymal Stem Cells for the Treatment of Liver Disease: Present and Perspectives

The authors discuss several strategies targeted at improving viable cell engraftment and the potential challenges in the use of extracellular vesicle-based therapies for liver disease in the future. [Gut Liver] Abstract

Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the mesenchymal cell research field.

City of Hope Helps Found Biotechnology Hub for Los Angeles County’s Life Sciences Industry

City of Hope announced that it is a founding sponsor of Bioscience Los Angeles County, a nonprofit aiming to catalyze biotechnology and life sciences innovation in the region. [City of Hope] Press Release

BostonGene Announces Cancer Research Collaboration with Washington University in St. Louis

BostonGene Corporation announced a master agreement with Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis to collaborate on multiple research projects. [BostonGene Corporation] Press Release

Medicine by Design to Accelerate Regenerative Medicine Discovery and Translation with New $20-Million Investment

Medicine by Design is strengthening the University of Toronto as a global leader in regenerative medicine with a new investment of as much as $20 million in research that will accelerate stem cell and gene therapy, advance understanding of how the body repairs itself, and generate new technologies that will propel the field for decades. [Medicine by Design] Press Release

Hundreds of Scientists Declare Support for Extinction Rebellion

Almost 1,000 scientists have signed a declaration supporting civil disobedience protests that urge government action on climate change. [The Scientist] Editorial

Canadian Election Leaves Scientists Hanging — No Matter Who Wins

Canada’s two main political parties are running neck and neck in the lead-up to the country’s general election on 21 October. It’s unclear which party will come out on top, and that uncertainty extends to how science will fare in the next government. [Nature News] Editorial

Thousands of Grant Peer Reviewers Share Concerns in Global Survey

Researchers spend around ten days every year reviewing other academics’ funding proposals, according to the largest ever survey of grant peer review. The Grant Review In Focus report — based on a survey of 4,700 researchers worldwide — also found that recognition is an important incentive for reviewers. [Nature News] Editorial

NEW From Stem Cells to Genes to Therapies
November 13-15, 2019
Brisbane, Australia

Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.

NEW Tenure-Track Positions – Biologic and Materials Sciences & Prosthodontics (University of Michigan)

NEW Professor Positions – Biomedical Science (The Chinese University of Hong Kong)

Assistant Professor – Cell and Molecular Biology (Boston University)

Postdoctoral Researcher – Stem Cells (University of South Florida)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Stem Cells (The Francis Crick Institute)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Stem Cell Plasticity (University of Technology, Sydney)

Lecturer – Stem Cell Biology (The University of Manchester)

Assistant Professors – Regenerative Medicine (Washington University in St. Louis)

Postdoctoral Researcher – Proteoglycans in Post-Traumatic Osteoarthritis (Drexel University)

Postdoctoral Researcher – Development and Stem Cell Biology (California Institute of Technology)

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