Mesenchymal Cell News Volume 12.03 | Jan 28 2020

TOP STORY

Senescence-Associated Metabolomic Phenotype in Primary and iPSC-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells

Researchers compared culture expansion of primary MSCs and induced pluripotent stem cell-derived MSCs until they reached growth arrest. Both cell types acquired similar changes in morphology, in vitro differentiation potential, senescence-associated β-galactosidase, and DNA methylation. [Stem Cell Reports] Full Article | Graphical Abstract

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IN VITRO

Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes Ameliorate Cardiomyocyte Apoptosis in Hypoxic Conditions through MicroRNA144 by Targeting the PTEN/AKT Pathway

Scientists explored how miRNA-144, a miRNA contained in bone marrow MSC-derived exosomes, exerts a cardioprotective effect on cardiomyocyte apoptosis in the context of hypoxic conditions and identified the underlying mechanisms. [Stem Cell Res Ther] Full Article

Senescent Mesenchymal Stem Cells Remodel Extracellular Matrix Driving Breast Cancer Cells to a More-Invasive Phenotype

The authors investigated senescence-associated biophysical changes in MSCs and how this influenced cancer cell behavior in a 3D matrix interface model. Although senescent MSCs were far less motile than pre-senescent MSCs, they induced an invasive breast cancer phenotype, characterized by increased spheroid growth and cell invasion in collagen gels. [J Cell Sci] Abstract

RelA Promotes Proliferation but Inhibits Osteogenic and Chondrogenic Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Investigators generated Prrx1‐Cre;RelA^f/f mice to delete RelA in Prrx¹⁺ bone marrow MSCs and found that RelA deletion led to decreased MSC proliferation and altered differentiation, with increased osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation but decreased adipogenic differentiation. [FEBS Lett] Abstract

Canine Corneal Stromal Cells Have Multipotent Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Properties In Vitro

Researchers determined whether corneal stromal cells from the limbal and central corneal stroma in dogs have multipotent MSC properties, and whether this cell population could be differentiated into keratocyte-like cells. [Stem Cells Dev] Abstract

miR-128 Promotes Osteogenic Differentiation of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Rat by Targeting DKK2

The authors found that miR-128 was differentially upregulated during the osteogenic differentiation of rat bone marrow stem cells. [Biosci Rep] Abstract

Lipopolysaccharide Inhibits Osteogenic Differentiation of Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells Partially through Toll-Like Receptor 4-Mediated EphrinB2 Downregulation

To explore the role of ephrinB2 in LPS-impaired osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs), hPDLSCs were stimulated with ephrinB2-Fc or transfected with ephrinB2 lentivirus, and then, the osteogenic differentiation capacity was evaluated. [Clin Oral Investig] Abstract

IN VIVO

Photobiomodulation plus Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Improve Healing of Ischemic Infected Wounds in Type 2 Diabetic Rats

Scientists investigated the impact of photobiomodulation and adipose-derived stem cells, alone and in combination, on the maturation step of wound healing in an ischemic infected delayed healing wound model in rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus. [Sci Rep] Full Article

miR-19a/19b Improves the Therapeutic Potential of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in a Mouse Model of Myocardial Infarction

Under hypoxic condition, miR-19a/19b expression levels decreased in bone marrow-derived MSCs. miR-19a/19b suppressed the proliferation of MSCs under hypoxic condition. After cell engraftment, miR-19a/19b promoted survival of MSCs. [Gene Ther] Abstract

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Therapeutic Mesenchymal Stromal Cells for Immunotherapy and for Gene and Drug Delivery

The authors summarize the latest research in the immunological properties of MSCs, their use as immunomodulatory/anti-inflammatory agents, methods for licensing MSCs to customize their immunological profile, and their use as vehicles for transferring both therapeutic genes in genetic disease and drugs/genes designed to destroy tumor cells. [Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev] Abstract

An Update on the Progress of Isolation, Culture, Storage, and Clinical Application of Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells

Scientists highlight and update on the progress of production, as well as provide further challenges in the studies of bone marrow MSCs (BMSCs), for the approval of BMSCs widely in clinical application. [Int J Mol Sci] Full Article

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Epizyme Announces US FDA Accelerated Approval of TAZVERIK™ (Tazemetostat) for the Treatment of Patients with Epithelioid Sarcoma

Epizyme, Inc. announced that the FDA has granted accelerated approval of TAZVERIK™ for the treatment of adults and pediatric patients aged 16 years and older with metastatic or locally advanced epithelioid sarcoma not eligible for complete resection, based on overall response rate and duration of response in a Phase II clinical trial. [Epizyme, Inc.] Press Release

MicroCures Advances Burn Wound Healing Program Under Cooperative Research and Development Agreement (CRADA) with the US Army Institute of Surgical Research (USAISR)

MicroCures announced the advancement of its ongoing collaborative research project with the USAISR in the area of burn wound healing. [MicroCures] Press Release

Top Harvard Chemist Charged with Lying about Ties to Chinese Government Program

The head of Harvard University’s chemistry department was charged with attempting to conceal his involvement in a Chinese government program to bring scientists to China, an escalation of a crackdown by US authorities on what they perceive as a campaign to steal ideas born in American universities and medical centers. [STAT News] Editorial

Iranian Students Denied Entry to US

Despite having valid visas to attend universities, more than a dozen would-be graduate students have been detained at the airport and sent back to Iran in recent months. [The Scientist] Editorial

US Officials Revisit Rules for Disclosing Risky Disease Experiments

US disease researchers are pushing the government to be more transparent about federally funded research that involves making pathogens more deadly or more transmissible. Several disease researchers who attended a recent meeting to discuss transparency around such studies say the US government should offer a public explanation when it approves such ‘gain-of-function’ experiments, disclose who made the decision to fund them and make a broad public announcement when a study begins. [Nature News] Editorial

NEW Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Asia-Pacific Conference 2020
September 21-24, 2020
Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

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NEW Postdoctoral Fellowship – Stem Cell Niche Biology (University of California, San Francisco)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Cardiovascular Research (Temple University)

Postdoctoral Associate – Cartilage Regeneration (Drexel University)

Postdoctoral Scholar – Corneal Stem Cells (University of California, Los Angeles)

Senior Research Technician – Stem Cell Biology (Columbia University in the City of New York)

PhD Positions – Cell Biology (University of Warwick)

Postdoctoral Positions – Cell and Molecular Biology (University of Copenhagen)

PhD Student – Mammalian Development and Disease (Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics)

Postdoctoral Positions – Drug Delivery and Therapeutic Development (University of Minnesota)

Research Fellow – Stem Cell Biology & Engineering (New York Blood Center)

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