Mesenchymal Cell News Volume 4.40 | Oct 9 2012

May 12, 2022

Mesenchymal Cell News 4.40 October 9, 2012

TOP STORY

Self-Renewal of Embryonic-Stem-Cell-Derived Progenitors by Organ-Matched Mesenchyme
Researchers demonstrated that co-culture with organ-matched mesenchyme permits proliferation and self-renewal of progenitors, without differentiation, and enables an expansion of more than a million-fold for human endodermal cells with full retention of their developmental potential. This effect is specific both to the mesenchymal cell and to the progenitor being amplified. [Nature] Abstract

PUBLICATIONS (Ranked by impact factor of the journal)

Critical Role for Lysyl Oxidase in Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Driven Breast Cancer Malignancy
Scientists showed that bone marrow-derived human mesenchymal stem cells promote de novo production of lysyl oxidase from human breast carcinoma cells, which is sufficient to enhance the metastasis of otherwise weakly metastatic cancer cells to the lungs and bones. [Proc Natl Acad Sci USA] Abstract

Inhibition of TGF-ß/Smad Signaling by BAMBI Blocks Differentiation of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells to Carcinoma-Associated Fibroblasts and Abolishes Their Pro-Tumor Effects
To determine whether inhibiting transforming growth factor ß (TGF-ß) signaling in human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) can block their differentiation to carcinoma-associated fibroblasts induced by tumor microenvironments and the consequent pro-tumor effects, researchers transduced human BM-MSCs with a lentiviral vector encoding BMP and Activin Membrane Bound Inhibitor (BAMBI), a decoy TGF-ß receptor. [Stem Cells] Abstract

Human Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Suppress Human Glioma Growth Through Inhibition of Angiogenesis
Scientists examined the biological effect of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) on tumor cells. The results showed that MSC inhibited the growth of human glioma cell lines and patient-derived primary glioma cells in vitro. [Stem Cells] Abstract

Induced Pluripotent Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Clones Retain Donor-Derived Differences in DNA Methylation Profiles
Researchers reprogrammed mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) from human bone marrow and compared their DNA methylation profiles with initial MSC and embryonic stem cells using high-density DNA methylation arrays covering more than 450,000 CpG sites. [Mol Ther] Abstract

Nicotine Alters MicroRNA Expression and Hinders Human Adult Stem Cell Regenerative Potential
Scientists investigated the effect of nicotine, a major constituent in the cigarette smoke, on the regenerative potentials of human mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) and periodontal ligament-derived stem cells (PDLSC). The cell proliferation of 1.0 µM nicotine-treated MSC and PDLSC was significantly reduced when compared to the untreated control. [Stem Cells Dev] Abstract

Renoprotective Effect of Human Umbilical Cord-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Immunodeficient Mice Suffering from Acute Kidney Injury
Researchers showed that early administration of human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells improved the renal function of nonobese diabetic-severe combined immune deficiency mice suffering from folic acid-induced acute kidney injury, as evidenced by decreased serum urea nitrogen and serum creatinine levels, as well as a reduced tubular injury score. [PLoS One] Full Article

Chip-Based Comparison of the Osteogenesis of Human Bone Marrow- and Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells under Mechanical Stimulation
Scientists compared human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells and human adipose tissue-derived stem cells under dynamic hydraulic compression to evaluate and compare osteogenic abilities. [PLoS One] Full Article

Micropatterned Silica Thin Films with Nanohydroxyapatite Micro-Aggregates for Guided Tissue Regeneration
Scientists aimed to produce micro-fabricated SiO₂ surfaces modified with nanohydroxyapatite particles and to characterize their influence on the biological response of Human Dental-Pulp Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Streptococcus mutans. [Dent Mater] Abstract

Human Umbilical Cord Blood-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Prevent Diabetic Renal Injury through Paracrine Action
Human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells effectively prevented diabetic renal injury except renal and glomerular hypertrophy without a significant effect on blood glucose. [Diabetes Res Clin Pract] Abstract

Caveolin-1 Regulates Neural Differentiation of Rat Bone Mesenchymal Stem Cells into Neurons by Modulating Notch Signaling
Researchers examined the potential mechanism of the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into neurons, and considered the role of caveolin-1 in this process. [Int J Dev Neurosci] Abstract

Engineering Vascularized Bone Graft with Osteogenic and Angiogenic Lineage Differentiated Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Scientists report a novel strategy to engineer vascularized bone grafts with osteogenic and angiogenic lineage differentiated marrow mesenchymal stem cells. [Artif Organs] Abstract

REVIEWS

Clinical Use of Bone Marrow, Bone Marrow Concentrate and Expanded Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Cartilage Disease
This review considers the last decade of clinical trials involving a two-step procedure, by expanding in vitro mesenchymal stem cells from bone marrow (BM), or the so called “one-step” procedure, using BM in toto or BM concentrate, for the regeneration of cartilage and osteochondral tissue defects. [Stem Cells Dev] Abstract

INDUSTRY NEWS

The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2012: Sir John B. Gurdon, Shinya Yamanaka
Nobel Assembly at Karolinska Institutet has decided to award The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2012 jointly to John B. Gurdon and Shinya Yamanaka for the discovery that mature cells can be reprogrammed to become pluripotent. [Nobel Media AB] Press Release

FDA Approves Stemedica Phase II Clinical Trial for Acute Myocardial Infarction with Ischemia Tolerant Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Stemedica Cell Technologies, Inc. announced that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved its application for an Investigational New Drug to assess the clinical effects of Stemedyne-MSC (Stemedica’s human bone marrow-derived ischemia tolerant mesenchymal cells) in subjects with a myocardial infarction. [Stemedica Cell Technologies, Inc.] Press Release

Osiris Therapeutics Regains Worldwide Rights to Prochymal and Chondrogen
Osiris Therapeutics, Inc. announced the conclusion of its collaboration with Genzyme, a Sanofi company. Prochymal is a mesenchymal stem cell therapy indicated for the treatment of acute graft-vs-host disease in children. [Osiris Therapeutics, Inc.] Press Release

SkelRegen Aims to Regenerate Skeletal Tissue
A new approach to musculoskeletal care appears to be on the horizon with the recent formation of a company aiming to regenerate human bone and other skeletal tissue. The company, called SkelRegen, LLC (short for Skeletal Regeneration), has already identified several compounds that it believes could transform musculoskeletal care. [SkelRegen, LLC] Press Release

POLICY NEWS

National Institutes of Health (United States)

Food and Drug Administration (United States)

Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (United States)

European Medicines Agency (European Union)

Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (United Kingdom)

Therapeutic Goods Administration (Australia)

EVENTS

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Postdoctoral Position – Molecular Cell Biology (Weizmann Institute of Science)

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Postdoctoral Position – Tumorigenicity of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Department of Molecular Cell Biology (Weizmann institute of Science)

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