Mesenchymal Cell News Volume 5.19 | May 21 2013

MT1-MMP-Dependent Control of Skeletal Stem Cell Commitment via a β1-Integrin/YAP/TAZ Signaling Axis
Researchers demonstrated that conditional deletion of the membrane-anchored metalloproteinase MT1-MMP in mesenchymal progenitors, but not in committed osteoblasts, redirects skeletal stem cell fate decisions from osteogenesis to adipo- and chondrogenesis. [Dev Cell] Abstract | Graphical Abstract

Bioactive Silicate Nanoplatelets for Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Researchers report novel silicate nanoplatelets that induce osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells in the absence of any osteoinductive factor. The presence of the silicate triggers a set of events that follows the temporal pattern of osteogenic differentiation. [Adv Mater] Abstract | Press Release

NF-κB Inhibits Osteogenic Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells by Promoting β-Catenin Degradation
Using genetic and chemical approaches, scientists found that proinflammatory cytokines TNF and IL-17 stimulated IκB kinase (IKK)-NF-κB and impaired osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). In contrast, the inhibition of IKK-NF-κB significantly enhanced MSC-mediated bone formation. [Proc Natl Acad Sci USA] Abstract

Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Characteristics Vary Depending on Their Origin
Investigators evaluated mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) derived from perinatal tissues umbilical cord (UC) and amniotic membrane (AM) in comparison to adult MSCs from bone marrow (BM) which were used as gold standard. They found genetic background-independent differences between MSCs from UC and AM. While AM- and UC-MSCs were closer to each other than to BM-MSCs, however, they also exhibited differences between each other. [Stem Cells Dev] Abstract
 
An Intensified Systemic Trafficking of Bone Marrow-Derived Stem/Progenitor Cells in Patients with Pancreatic Cancer
Investigators comprehensively analyzed systemic trafficking of various populations of bone marrow-derived stem cells (SCs), i.e., mesenchymal, hematopoietic, endothelial stem/progenitor cells, and of recently discovered population of very small embryonic/epiblast-like SCs (VSELs) in pancreatic cancer patients. Higher numbers of circulating VSELs and mesenchymal stem cells were detected in pancreatic cancer patients. [J Cell Mol Med] Abstract | Full Article

Human Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Can Survive and Integrate into the Adult Rat Eye following Xenotransplantation
After derivation of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells, they were stably transfected with a vector containing Turbo-green fluorescent protein and JRed to be able to trace them after transplantation. The transplanted cells were traceable in the rat vitreous humor up until 90 days after transplantation, with gradual reduction in numbers, their adhesion and expansion capacity after recovery. [Xenotransplantation] Abstract

Phenotypic Characterization and In Vivo Localization of Human Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Scientists determined and compared cell size, morphology, ultrastructure, and immunohistochemical expression profiles of isolated human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells and cells located in human adipose tissues. They also characterized the localization of these cells in vivo. [Mol Cells] Abstract

Impact of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Secreted PAI-1 on Colon Cancer Cell Migration and Proliferation
Researchers investigated mediators of mesenchymal stem cells and colon cancer cell interactions. Mesenchymal stem cells and colon cancer cells were cultured individually or in co-culture on 3-dimensional scaffolds. [Biochem Bioph Res Co] Abstract

Stem Cells from Umbilical Cord Wharton’s Jelly from Preterm Birth Have Neuroglial Differentiation Potential
The Wharton’s jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells (WJ-MSCs) from umbilical cords of preterm birth and term controls were isolated and induced into neural progenitors. Scientists report that independent of gestational age, a subset of WJ-MSC displayed the neural progenitor cell markers Nestin and Musashi-1 and the mature neural markers microtubule-associated protein 2, glial fibrillary acidic protein, and myelin basic protein. [Reprod Sci] Abstract

The Effect of Donor Variation and Senescence on Endothelial Differentiation of Human Mesenchymal Stromal Cells
Researchers screened mesenchymal stromal cells from 20 donors for their endothelial differentiation capacity and correlated it with the gene expression profile of the whole genome in the undifferentiated state. Cells of all donors were able to form tubes on Matrigel and induced the expression of endothelial genes, although with quantitative differences. [Tissue Eng Part A] Abstract

REVIEWS

Two Negative Feedback Loops Place Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells (MSCs) at the Center of Early Regulators of Inflammation
The prostaglandin E2 and TSG-6 negative feedback loops allow MSCs to serve as regulators of the very early phases of inflammation. These and many related observations suggest that the MSC-like cells found in most tissues may be part of the pantheon of cells that protect us from foreign invaders, tissue injury and aging. [Stem Cells] Abstract

Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the mesenchymal cell research field.

American CryoStem to Collaborate with Rutgers University on Adipose-Derived Stem Cell Research
American CryoStem Corporation announced that it has entered into Material Transfer Agreements with three leading research scientists at Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, distinguished as one of the world’s premier universities for stem cell research and training. [American CryoStem Corporation]
Press Release

Cellular Biomedicine Group Achieves 50% Enrollment Milestone in Phase I Clinical Trial for Knee Osteoarthritis
Cellular Biomedicine Group announced that it has achieved 50% enrollment of the total projected enrollment required for its Phase I trial to evaluate the safety and preliminary efficacy of the medical technology human adipose-derived mesenchymal progenitor cells therapy for knee osteoarthritis. [PR Newswire Association LLC] Press Release

Cord Blood America, Inc. Announces New Service Offering
Cord Blood America, Inc. announced the launch of a new service offering for the storage of mesenchymal cells through its wholly owned subsidiary CorCell Companies, Inc. [PR Newswire Association LLC]
Press Release

NIH Saves Lives: Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center Calls on Congress to Restore Full NIH Funding
Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center called on Congress to support restoring full funding to the National Institutes of Health (NIH), which supports pioneering research that saves lives. Funding was recently cut due to sequestration. [Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center]  Press Release

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EVENT SPONSOR MSC 2013 – Adult Stem Cell Therapy & Regenerative Medicine

MSC 2013 will offer a forum for the exchange and discussion of research, ideas, and cutting-edge breakthroughs in translational regenerative medicine.

August 19-21, 2013
Cleveland, United States

Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the mesenchymal cell community.

NEW Postdoctoral Researcher – Mesenchymal Stem Cells (National University of Ireland)

Postdoctoral Research Scientist – Regenerative Stem Cell Research (NHS Blood and Transplant)

Postdoctoral Fellow (Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine)

Postdoctoral Opportunity – Pulmonary Research (Cedars-Sinai Medical Center)

Tenure-Track Investigator(s) – Musculoskeletal Biology or Diseases of Bone, Cartilage, or Muscle (National Institutes of Health)

Postdoctoral Position – Cardiopulmonary Molecular Biology (Hannover Medical School)

Price Gilbert, Jr. Chair – Regenerative Engineering and Medicine (Georgia Institute of Technology)

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