Mesenchymal Cell News Volume 5.28 | Jul 23 2013

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    Mesenchymal Cell News 5.28 July 23, 2013

    Mesenchymal Cell News

         In this issue: Publications | Reviews | Industry News | Policy News | Events | Jobs
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    TOP STORY
    Real-Time Monitoring of Adipocyte Differentiation Using a Capacitance Sensor Array
    Researchers demonstrated that a capacitance change during adipocyte differentiation is closely associated with lipid accumulation in the cells, suggesting that adipocyte differentiation can be monitored in real time. [Lab Chip] Abstract
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    PUBLICATIONS (Ranked by impact factor of the journal)
    Human Stem Cell Osteoblastogenesis Mediated by Novel Glycogen Synthase Kinase Three Inhibitors Induces Bone Formation and a Unique Bone Turnover Biomarker Profile in Rats
    To understand the wnt pathway related to human disease translation, the ability of three potent inhibitors of GSK-3 to drive osteoblast differentiation and mineralization using human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSC) in vitro; and stimulate rat bone formation in vivo was investigated. GSK-3 inhibitors caused ß-catenin stabilization in human and rat mesenchymal stem cells, stimulated hADSC commitment towards osteoblasts and osteogenic mineralization in vitro. [Toxicol Appl Pharmacol] Full Article

    Gingivae Contain Neural-Crest- and Mesoderm-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells
    Researchers showed that around 90% of gingival mesenchymal stem cells (GMSCs) are derived from cranial neural crest cells (CNCC) and 10% from the mesoderm. In comparison with mesoderm MSCs, CNCC-derived GMSCs showed an elevated capacity to differentiate into neural cells and chondrocytes and induce activated T-cell apoptosis in vitro. [J Dent Res] Abstract

    Quantitative Assessment of the Yield of Osteoblastic Connective Tissue Progenitors in Bone Marrow Aspirate from the Iliac Crest, Tibia, and Calcaneus
    Researchers determined which anatomic location yields the highest number of osteoblastic progenitor cells. Bone marrow aspirate collected from the iliac crest had a higher mean concentration of osteoblastic progenitor cells compared with the distal aspect of the tibia or the calcaneus. [J Bone Joint Surg Am] Abstract

    CXCR4-Mediated Osteosarcoma Growth and Pulmonary Metastasis Is Promoted by Mesenchymal Stem Cells through VEGF
    Scientists co-injected human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and human osteosarcoma cell line 9607-F5M2 (F5M2) cells into the caudal vein of nude mice. Using Transwell assays, they found that F5M2 cells migrate towards MSCs, while the chemokines and chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) inhibitor AMD3100 decreased the migration potential of F5M2 cells towards MSCs. [Oncol Rep] Abstract

    Noggin Resistance Contributes to the Potent Osteogenic Capability of BMP9 in Mesenchymal Stem Cells
    Researchers investigated the effect of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) antagonist noggin on BMP9-induced osteogenic differentiation. BMP antagonists noggin, chording, gremlin, follistatin, and BMP3 are highly expressed in mesenchymal stem cells, while noggin and follistatin are lowly expressed in more differentiated pre-osteoblast C2C12 cells. [J Orthop Res] Abstract

    Hypoxia Induces Osteogenesis in Rabbit Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Overexpressing Bone Morphogenic Protein-2
    Scientists investigated the coeffect of hypoxic culture conditions and bone morphogenic protein-2 (BMP-2) overexpression on the osteogenic ability of rabbit adipose-derived stem cells in vitro. Cells under hypoxic conditions attached better within 12 hours and proliferated faster. While BMP-2 overexpression and hypoxic condition separately elevated the transcription of key osteogenic and angiogenic genes, a cooperative effect was observed to enhance the upregulation of osteogenic as well as angiogenic genes. [Oral Dis] Abstract

    Conditional Radioresistance of tet-Inducible Manganese Superoxide Dismutase Bone Marrow Stromal Cell Lines
    Researchers developed a tet-regulated MnSOD mouse (MnSODtet) to examine the detailed relationship between cellular MnSOD concentration and radioresistance and carried out in vitro studies using bone marrow culture derived stromal cell lines (mesenchymal stem cells). Homozygous MnSODtet/tet cells had low levels of MnSOD, reduced viability and proliferation, increased radiosensitivity, elevated overall antioxidant stores, and defects in cell proliferation and DNA strand-break repair. [Radiat Res] Abstract

    Multipotent Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Human Subacromial Bursa: Potential for Cell Based Tendon Tissue Engineering
    Investigators isolated mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from bursa tissue associated with rotator cuff tendons and characterized them for multilineage differentiation in vitro and in vivo. The results showed that the cells isolated from bursa tissue exhibited MSCs characteristics as evidenced the expression of putative cell surface markers attributed to MSCs. The cells exhibited high proliferative capacity and differentiated toward cells of mesenchymal lineages with high efficiency. [Tissue Eng Part A] Abstract

    In Vivo Bone Regeneration Using Tubular Perfusion System Bioreactor Cultured Nanofibrous Scaffolds
    The authors utilized a tubular perfusion system (TPS) bioreactor for the in vitro culture of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) and implant the cultured constructs into rat femoral condyle defects. Using nanofibrous electrospun PLGA/PCL scaffolds, hMSCs were cultured for ten days in vitro in the TPS bioreactor with cellular and acellular scaffolds cultured statically for ten days as a control. [Tissue Eng Part A] Abstract

    A Simple Method for Deriving Functional MSCs and Applied for Osteogenesis in 3D Scaffolds
    Scientists describe a simple method for bone engineering using biodegradable scaffolds with mesenchymal stem cells derived from human induced-pluripotent stem cells (hiPS-MSCs). The hiPS-MSCs expressed mesenchymal markers, possessed multipotency characterized by tri-lineages differentiation: osteogenic, adipogenic, and chondrogenic, and lost pluripotency – as seen with the loss of markers OCT3/4 an TRA-1-81 – and tumorigenicity. [Sci Rep] Full Article

    Technical Bulletin: Assays For Cord Blood

     
    REVIEWS
    Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Joint Disease and Repair
    No approved pharmacological intervention, biologic therapy or procedure prevents the progressive destruction of the osteoarthritis joint. Mesenchymal stem cells-multipotent precursors of connective tissue cells that can be isolated from many adult tissues, including those of the diarthrodial joint-have emerged as a potential therapy. [Nat Rev Rheumatol] Abstract

    Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the mesenchymal cell research field.

     
    INDUSTRY NEWS
    Cellular Biomedicine Group Completes Enrollment in Phase I Clinical Trial for Knee Osteoarthritis
    Cellular Biomedicine Group announced that it has completed the enrollment required for its Phase I trial to evaluate the safety and preliminary efficacy of the medical technology haMPC (Human Adipose-derived Mesenchymal Progenitor Cells) therapy for knee osteoarthritis. [Cellular Biomedicine Group] Press Release

    Mesoblast Receives $4.3 Million from Australian Government for Adult Stem Cell Pipeline Development
    Mesoblast Limited announced that it has received approximately $4.3 million under the Australian Government’s Innovation Australia Research and Development (R&D) Tax Incentive Program for R&D activities conducted in Australia during the 2012 financial year. [Mesoblast Limited] Press Release

    Spanish Scientists Successfully Generate ‘Artificial Bones’ from Umbilical Cord Stem Cells
    Scientists in Granada, Spain, have patented a new biomaterial that facilitates generating bone tissue from umbilical cord stem cells. The material, consisting of an activated carbon cloth support for cells that differentiate giving rise to a product that can promote bone growth, was presented at a press conference at the Biomedical Research Centre, Granada. [EurekAlert!] Press Release

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    POLICY NEWS
    National Institutes of Health (United States)

    Food and Drug Administration (United States)

    Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (United States)

    European Medicines Agency (European Union)

    Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (United Kingdom)

    Therapeutic Goods Administration (Australia)

     
    EVENTS
    NEW 3rd Geneocell Summer School: Advanced Stem Cell Technologies & Therapies
    September 9-15, 2013
    Izmit, Turkey

    NEW World Conference on Regenerative Medicine
    October 23-25, 2013
    Leipzig, Germany

    Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the mesenchymal cell community.

     
    JOB OPPORTUNITIES
    NEW Postdoctoral Research Associate – Cell-Material Interactions on Cellular Differentiation and Tissue Formation (University of Texas Health Science Center)

    PhD Studentship – Mechanobiology of Stem Cells (Queen Mary University of London)

    Postdoctoral Position – Cardiopulmonary Molecular Biology (Hannover Medical School)

    Two PhD Students and One Postdoc – Molecular Cell Biology and Hematopoiesis (Sanquin)

    PhD Positions – Tissue Engineering (Eight European Research Institutes)

    Postdoctoral Fellow – Visualization of Gene Expression Promoting Mesenchymal Stem Cell Tropism (Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine)

    Director of Cell Processing Facility (S L Collins Associates, Inc.)


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