IN VITRO Adenosinergic Immunosuppression by Human Mesenchymal Stromal Cells (MSCs) Requires Co-operation with T Cells Scientists demonstrated that adenosine is actively produced from adenosine 5′-monophosphate by CD73 on MSCs and MSC-derived extracellular vesicles. They indicated that although MSCs express CD39 at low level and it co-localizes with CD73 in bulge areas of membranes, the most efficient adenosine production from adenosine 5′-triphosphate requires co-operation of MSCs and activated T cells. [Stem Cells] Abstract MiR-124 Promote Neurogenic Transdifferentiation of Adipose Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Partly through RhoA/ROCK1, but Not ROCK2 Signaling Pathway MiR-124 is significantly upregulated during neurogenic transdifferentiation of adipose derived mesenchymal stromal cells. Knockdown of endogenous miR-124 hampered neurogenic transdifferentiation and the acquired electrophysiological properties. [PLoS One] Full Article Isolation and Localization of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Human Palatine Tonsil by W5C5 (SUSD2) This study investigated the expression of W5C5 in tonsil stromal cells and the colony-forming ability and differentiation potential of W5C5+ cells to determine the usefulness of W5C5+ MSCs as a marker that can be used for the purification of T-MSCs. [Cell Physiol Biochem] Full Article Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate Protects against Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha Induced Inhibition of Osteogenesis of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Investigators examined the in vitro osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells. They found that the cell viability and osteoblast differentiation of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells are significantly inhibited by inflammatory cytokine TNFα treatment. [Exp Biol Med] Abstract Bilaminar Device of Poly(Lactic-co-Glycolic Acid)/Collagen Cultured with Adipose-Derived Stem Cells for Dermal Regeneration Researchers developed and characterized a new device consisting of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) and collagen associated with mesenchymal stem cells derived from human adipose tissue. [Artif Organs] Abstract IN VIVO Safety and Clinical Effects of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Secreting Neurotrophic Factor Transplantation in Patients with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: Results of Phase I/II and IIa Clinical Trials Investigators determined the safety and possible clinical efficacy of autologous mesenchymal stem cell-neurotrophic growth factor cells transplantation in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. [JAMA Neurol] Abstract | Press Release Intracoronary Transplantation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells with Overexpressed Integrin-Linked Kinase Improves Cardiac Function in Porcine Myocardial Infarction Scientists engineered mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) with integrin-linked kinase, a pleiotropic protein critically regulating cell survival, proliferation, differentiation, and angiogenesis. They combined ferumoxytol with poly-L-lysine, and found this combination promisingly enabled MRI visualization of MSCs in vitro and in vivo with good safety. [Sci Rep] Full Article Combination of Controllably Released Platelet Rich Plasma Alginate Beads and Bone Morphogenic Protein-2 Gene-Modified Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Bone Regeneration The authors studied the combined effect of sustained released platelet rich plasma (PRP) from alginate beads on bone morphogenic protein-2 modified mesenchymal stem cells osteogenic differentiation in vitro and of sustained PRP alone on a fracture defect model ex vivo as well as its effect on the calvarial suture closure. [J Periodontol] Abstract |