Mesenchymal Cell News Volume 8.34 | Aug 30 2016

TOP STORY

Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes Stimulates Cycling Quiescence and Early Breast Cancer Dormancy in Bone Marrow

Investigators report that dormant breast cancers cells prime mesenchymal stem cells to release exosomes containing distinct miRNA contents such as miR-222/223, which in turn promotes quiescence in a subset of cancer cells and confers drug resistance. [Cancer Res] Abstract

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IN VITRO

TGFβ-Induced Switch from Adipogenic to Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Identification of Drug Targets for Prevention of Fat Cell Differentiation

Patients suffering from osteoporosis showed an increased number of adipocytes in their bone marrow, concomitant with a reduction in the pool of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) that are able to differentiate into osteoblasts, thus leading to suppressed osteogenesis. The authors investigated in vitro culture conditions whereby adipogenic differentiation of hMSCs is impaired and osteogenic differentiation is promoted. [Stem Cell Res Ther] Full Article

Potency Testing of Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Growth Expanded in Human Platelet Lysate from Different Human Tissues

Researchers evaluated the cumulative yield and the ex vivo amplification potential of mesenchymal stromal cells obtained from various sources and different subjects, using defined culture conditions with a standardized platelet lysate as growth stimulus. [Stem Cell Res Ther] Full Article

miR-23a/b Regulates the Balance between Osteoblast and Adipocyte Differentiation in Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells

MicroRNA-23a, and microRNA-23b (miR-23a/b) were found to be markedly downregulated in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) of aged mice and humans. The overexpression of miR-23a/b in BMSCs promoted osteogenic differentiation, whereas the inhibition of miR-23a/b increased adipogenic differentiation. [Bone Res] Full Article

Caveolin-1 Plays an Important Role in the Differentiation of Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells into Cardiomyocytes

Scientists investigated the functional role of caveolin-1 in the cardiomyocyte differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells and to explore the potential underlying molecular mechanisms. [Cardiology] Abstract

IN VIVO

Wedelolactone Enhances Osteoblastogenesis by Regulating Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway but Suppresses Osteoclastogenesis by NF-κB/C-Fos/NFATc1 Pathway

Scientists examined the effect of wedelolactone, a natural product from Ecliptae herba, on osteoblastogenesis as well as osteoclastogenesis. In mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC), wedelolactone stimulated osteoblast differentiation and bone mineralization. [Sci Rep] Full Article

Hepatocyte Growth Factor-Modified Mesenchymal Stem Cells Improve Ischemia Reperfusion-Induced Acute Lung Injury in Rats

Accumulative evidence demonstrated that mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) engraftment could protect tissue injury from ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) plays important roles in the cell and tissue repairment and regeneration. Researchers investigated the enhanced effects of HGF-modified MSCs on I/R-induced acute lung injury. [Gene Ther] Abstract

Effect of Bone Marrow and Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells on the Natural Course of Corneal Scarring After Penetrating Injury

Researchers investigated and compared the efficacy of bone marrow- and adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cell in corneal wound healing. [Exp Eye Res] Abstract

Preclinical Evaluation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Overexpressing VEGF to Treat Critical Limb Ischemia

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC)/vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) showed statistically significant increases in blood flow restoration as compared with sham controls, and more consistent improvements as compared with nontransduced MSC. Safety of MSC/VEGF was assessed in terms of genomic stability, rule-out tumorigenicity, and absence of edema or hemangiomas in vivo. [Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev] Full Article

Adenosine Production: A Common Path for Mesenchymal Stem-Cell and Regulatory T-Cell-Mediated Immunosuppression

The authors focus on the advances related to the impact of adenosine production over the immune modulatory activity of regulatory T-cells and mesenchymal stromal cells, and how this nucleotide controls the biological functions of these cells. They mention the main challenges and hurdles to bring such molecule to clinical settings. [Purinergic Signal] Abstract

Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the mesenchymal cell research field.

CHART-1: Largest Cardiac Regenerative Therapy Trial Brings New Insights

A therapy that uses bone-marrow stem cells to promote heart repair did not significantly improve the primary outcome over a sham procedure among patients with congestive heart failure. However, it revealed critical new insights, according to investigators of the CHART-1 trial. [Press release from European Society of Cardiology discussing research presented at the 2016 European Society of Cardiology Congress, Rome] Press Release

Global Stem Cells Group and N-Biotek Collaborate to Offer Turnkey Solutions for Highly Manipulated Stem Cell Culture Expansion Labs

Global Stem Cells Group and its subsidiary Adimarket announce a collaborative agreement with South Korean biomedical and lab equipment manufacturer N-Biotek to offer the Total Solution highly manipulated stem cell culture expansion lab, complete with equipment, training, facilities, stem cell processing center, clean rooms, project plan and more- a total turnkey lab solution for emerging stem cell businesses and industry professionals. [Global Stem Cells Group] Press Release

Creative Medical Technology Holdings Expands Adult Stem Cell Therapeutic Platform to Combat Female Infertility Caused by Premature Ovarian Failure

Creative Medical Technology Holdings, Inc. announced the filing of a patent application disclosing means of regenerating failing ovaries through use of a particular type of stem cell extracted from patient’s own tissues. [Creative Medical Technology Holdings, Inc. (PR Newswire Association LLC.)] Press Release

Go Forth and Replicate!

To make replication studies more useful, researchers must make more of them, funders must encourage them and journals must publish them. [Nature] Editorial

New Leader of NIH’s Research Watchdog Faces Staff Revolt

Kathryn Partin, who took the helm of ORI in December 2015, has launched a top-to-bottom review of the office, which has been criticized for moving too slowly and meting out sanctions that lack teeth. [ScienceNews] Editorial

NEW ICMSC 2017: 19^th International Conference on Mesenchymal Stem Cells
February 12-13, 2016
Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.

NEW Postdoctoral Fellow – Immunomodulatory Properties of Mesenchymal Stem Cells (NYU Langone Medical Center-Hansjörg Wyss Department of Plastic Surgery)

Postdoctoral Fellow/Scientist – Osteoblast Biology (Michigan State University)

Postdoctoral Fellowship – Regenerative Medicine/Biomedical Science (University of California, San Francisco)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Immunomodulatory Properties of Mesenchymal Stem Cells (NYU Langone Medical Center)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Stem Cell Functions in the Hematopoietic System and Other Systems Derived from the Mesoderm (University of Illinois at Chicago)

PhD Position – Ultrasound Stimulation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Tissue Repair and Regeneration (University of Birmingham)

Postdoctoral Position – Organogenesis and Mesenchymal Stem Cells (University of Southern California)

Postdoctoral Position – Tumor Microenvironment in Sarcoma Progression (Universita’ di Bologna)

Cell Biologist – Mesenchymal Stem Cells (Biostage)

Postdoctoral Position – Bone and Stem Cell Research (University of Connecticut Health)

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