Mesenchymal Cell News Volume 8.37 | Sep 20 2016

TOP STORY

iPSC-MSCs with High Intrinsic MIRO1 and Sensitivity to TNF-α Yield Efficacious Mitochondrial Transfer to Rescue Anthracycline-Induced Cardiomyopathy

The authors determined that the superior efficiency of mitochondrial transfer by human induced-pluripotent-stem-cell-derived mesenchymal stem cells (iPSC-MSCs) compared with bone marrow-derived MSCs is due to high expression of intrinsic Rho GTPase 1 (MIRO1). [Stem Cell Reports] Full Article | Graphical Abstract

(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)

IN VITRO

Equine Metabolic Syndrome Impairs Adipose Stem Cells Osteogenic Differentiation by Predominance of Autophagy over Selective Mitophagy

Researchers investigated growth kinetics, senescence, accumulation of oxidative stress factors, mitochondrial biogenesis, autophagy and osteogenic differentiation potential of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells isolated from horses suffering from equine metabolic syndrome. [J Cell Mol Med] Abstract

Protein Phosphatase 2A Cα Regulates Proliferation, Migration, and Metastasis of Osteosarcoma Cells

Investigators examined the expression and function of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) Cα in osteosarcoma cells. PP2A Cα expression level and PP2A activity was higher in malignant osteosarcoma LM8 cells compared with that in primary osteoblasts and in the osteoblast-like cell line MC3T3-E1. [Lab Invest] Abstract

The Use of Co-Cultured Mesenchymal Stem Cells with Tendon-Derived Stem Cells as a Better Cell Source for Tendon Repair

A novel cell co-culture system of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and tendon-derived stem cells (TDSCs) was developed and investigated. BMSCs and TDSCs were cultured separately or in combination at ratios of 20:1, 10:1, 5:1, and 1:1 in vitro, and the co-cultured cells showed an enhanced proliferation and collagenous proteins production. [Tissue Eng Part A] Abstract

Differential Effects of Small Molecule WNT Agonists on the Multilineage Differentiation Capacity of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Since WNT3A protein is costly and rapidly loses its activity in culture, researchers investigated the possibility of replacing it with cheaper, commercially available WNT agonists, specifically lithium chloride (LiCl), CHIR99021 (CHIR), SKL2001 and AMPMB. Of these, they found that only CHIR and LiCl stimulated mesenchymal stem cell proliferation. [Tissue Eng Part A] Abstract

Cytocompatibility with Osteogenic Cells and Enhanced In Vivo Anti-Infection Potential of Quaternized Chitosan-Loaded Titania Nanotubes

Investigators evaluated the cytocompatibility of specimens with human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells in vitro. The observation of cell attachment, proliferation, spreading, and viability in vitro showed that hydroxypropyltrimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan-loaded nanotubes (NT-H) improved osteogenic activity compared with titanium implant and NT-C. [Bone Res] Full Article

Effects of Culture Substrate Made of Poly(N-Isopropylacrylamide-Co-Acrylic Acid) Microgels on Osteogenic Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells

The authors investigated the influence of the poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM)-based substrate on the differentiation capacity of stem cells. They chose P(NIPAM-AA) microgels as a culture dish coating and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were cultured on top of the microgels. [Molecules] Full Article

PPAR Agonists Promote the Differentiation of Porcine Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells into the Adipogenic and Myogenic Lineages

Bone marrow MSCs from neonate pigs were isolated and identified by cell proliferation, cell surface markers or the gene expression of stem cells. Cells were differentiated into adipose or muscle cells and treated with the PPAR agonists; adipogenic and myogenic differentiation was promoted by adding these compounds. [Cells Tissues Organs] Abstract

Analysis of Senescence-Related Differentiation Potentials and Gene Expression Profiles in Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells

The authors investigated the characteristics and expression profiles of dental pulp stem cell (DPSCs) from young and old donors. DPSCs from young and old donors were cultured in differentiation medium, and their differentiation potentials were assessed. [Cells Tissues Organs] Full Article

IN VIVO

iPSC-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Exert SCF-Dependent Recovery of Cigarette Smoke-Induced Apoptosis/Proliferation Imbalance in Airway Cells

Scientists observed significant attenuation of cigarette smoke (CS)-induced elevation of circulating 8-isoprostane and cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant-1 after induced pluripotent stem cell–derived mesenchymal stem cell (iPSC-MSC) treatment. In line, a superior capacity of iPSC-MSCs was also observed in ameliorating CS-induced infiltration of macrophages and neutrophils and apoptosis/proliferation imbalance in lung sections over BM-MSCs. [J Cell Mol Med] Abstract

Angiogenic Potential of Human Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Chondrocyte Brick-Enriched Constructs Promoted Stable Regeneration of Craniofacial Cartilage

The authors developed an “all host derived” cell transplantation system composed of chondrocyte brick-enriched platelet-rich plasma gel and bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. [Stem Cells Transl Med] Abstract

Therapeutic Effects of Intranigral Transplantation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Rat Models of Parkinson’s Disease

Investigators tested the therapeutic effect of transplantation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) into the substantia nigra (SN) of the Parkinson’s disease (PD) rat. 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine-labeled rat MSCs were transplanted into the SN of the 6-hydroxydopamine-injected side of PD rat brains. [J Neurosci Res] Abstract

Interaction of MSC with Tumor Cells

Mesenchymal stroma/stem cells (MSC) play an important role during carcinogenesis exhibiting different types of intercellular communication. Accordingly, the authors focus on diverse mechanisms of interaction between MSC and cancer cells. [Cell Commun Signal] Abstract

Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the mesenchymal cell research field.

UK Regulatory Authority Approves Cynata GvHD Clinical Trial

Cynata Therapeutics Limited has received approval from the UK Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency to proceed with its Phase I clinical trial of CYP-001 in patients with steroid-resistant graft-versus-host disease (GvHD). CYP-001 is Cynata’s lead Cymerus™ mesenchymal stem cell product. [Cynata Therapeutics Limited (PR Newswire Association LLC.)] Press Release

BARDA Increases Contract Option with Cytori to Advance Countermeasure Clinical Trial

Cytori Therapeutics announced that the Company and Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority (BARDA) increased the contract option originally signed in August 2014 to fund continued investigation and development of Cytori Cell Therapy™ for use in thermal burn injuries. [Cytori Therapeutics Inc.] Press Release

Industry Responds to Biosimilar User Fee Act Letter

The Food and Drug Administration released the Biosimilar User Fee Act (II) performance goals letter, drawing support from trade groups representing biotechnology companies. [Drug Store News] Editorial

Eleven Medicines Leap Towards EU Approval

Eleven new medicines have taken a giant leap closer to European Union approval after having won the backing of the Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use. [PharmaTimes] Editorial

University of Tokyo to Investigate Data Manipulation Charges Against Six Prominent Research Groups

The University of Tokyo announced it is launching an investigation into anonymously made claims of fabricated and falsified data appearing in 22 papers by six university research groups. [Science Insider] Editorial

China-Only Science Prize Honors Pathologist and Experimental Physicist

Research on non-invasive pregnancy tests and superconductors earns $1 million ‘Chinese Nobels’. [Nature News] Editorial

NEW 4th World Congress on Controversies, Debates and Consensus in Bone, Muscle
October 20-22, 2016
Madrid, Spain

NEW World Congress on Osteoporosis, Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeletal Diseases
March 23-26, 2017
Florence, Italy

Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.

NEW Research Associate – Mesenchymal (STEMCELL Technologies, Inc.)

NEW Research Group Leader Position – Mesenchymal Cancer Biology (Oslo University Hospital)

Early Stage Researchers – Controlling Cartilage to Bone Transitions for Improved Treatment of Bone Defects and Osteoarthritis (Various Employers)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Role of Stromal Mesenchymal Cells in Tissue Injury/Repair (Institut Pasteur)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Subpopulations of Mesenchymal Stem Cells from the Bone Marrow and Adipose Tissue Sources (University of Miami)

Faculty Positions – Various Areas (Jackson Laboratory)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Immunomodulatory Properties of Mesenchymal Stem Cells (NYU Langone Medical Center-Hansjörg Wyss Department of Plastic Surgery)

Postdoctoral Fellow/Scientist – Osteoblast Biology (Michigan State University)

Postdoctoral Fellowship – Regenerative Medicine/Biomedical Science (University of California, San Francisco)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Immunomodulatory Properties of Mesenchymal Stem Cells (NYU Langone Medical Center)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Stem Cell Functions in the Hematopoietic System and Other Systems Derived from the Mesoderm (University of Illinois at Chicago)

PhD Position – Ultrasound Stimulation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Tissue Repair and Regeneration (University of Birmingham)

Postdoctoral Position – Bone and Stem Cell Research (University of Connecticut Health)

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