Mesenchymal Cell News 9.09 March 7, 2017 | |
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TOP STORYInvestigators assessed the effect human bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have on neonatal porcine islets (NPIs) in vitro and determined islet engraftment and metabolic outcomes when co-transplanted in a mouse model. NPIs co-cultured with MSCs had greater cellular insulin content and increased glucose stimulate insulin secretion. [Diabetes] Abstract | |
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PUBLICATIONS(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)IN VITROThe authors demonstrated that miR-375 was upregulated during the osteogenic differentiation of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hASCs). Overexpression of miR-375 significantly enhanced hASCs osteogenesis both in vitro and in vivo, while knockdown of miR-375 inhibited the osteogenic differentiation of hASCs. [Stem Cell Reports] Full Article | Graphical Abstract Researchers generated and characterized bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cell (BM-MSC) lines from wild type and Rankl−/− mice, and found that Rankl−/− BM-MSCs displayed reduced clonogenicity and osteogenic capacity. The differentiation defect was significantly improved by lentiviral transduction of Rankl−/− BM-MSCs with a vector stably expressing human soluble RANKL. [Stem Cells] Abstract Investigators showed that cordycepin reduces CD34+CD38− cells in U937 and K562 cells and induces Dkk1 expression via autocrine and paracrine regulation in leukemia and mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs). Cordycepin suppressed cell attachment of leukemia with MSCs and downregulated N-cadherin in leukemia and VCAM-1 in MSCs. [Sci Rep] Full Article Scientists investigated the mechanisms of PCL/gelatin patch loaded with MSCs on activating endogenous cardiac repair. The patch enhanced the survival of the seeded MSCs and their HIF-1α, Tβ4, VEGF and SDF-1 expression and decreased CXCL14 expression in hypoxic and serum-deprived conditions. [J Cell Mol Med] Full Article The authors aimed to investigate the effects of induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on the differentiation, maturation, and function of dendritic cells (DCs). Human monocyte-derived DCs were induced and cultured in the presence or absence of iPSC-MSCs. They successfully induced MSCs from different clones of human iPSCs. [Stem Cell Res Ther] Full Article IN VIVOResearchers aimed to show the effect of mesenchymal stem cells on delayed neuronal death after global cerebral ischemia and to compare this effect with mild hypothermia. Administration of mesenchymal stem cells after transient global cerebral ischemia had a prominent protective effect on delayed neuron death, even compared with mild hypothermia. [Crit Care Med] Abstract Human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stromal cells were genetically modified to secrete Tandab, a tetravalent bispecific tandem diabody with two binding sites for CD3 and two for CD19. The purified Tandab was functional with high-binding capability both for CD3-positive cells and CD19-positive cells and was able to induce specific lysis of CD19-positive cell lines in the presence of T cells. [J Hematol Oncol] Full Article Biomechanical Forces Promote Immune Regulatory Function of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Scientists showed that wall shear stress (WSS) typical of fluid frictional forces present on the vascular lumen stimulates antioxidant and anti-inflammatory mediators, as well as chemokines capable of immune cell recruitment. Ex vivo conditioning of mesenchymal stromal cells by WSS improved therapeutic efficacy in a rat model of traumatic brain injury, as evidenced by decreased apoptotic and M1-type activated microglia in the hippocampus. [Stem Cells] Abstract Treatment of Rabbit Growth Plate Injuries with Oriented ECM Scaffold and Autologous BMSCs The authors aimed to fabricate oriented ECM scaffolds to imitate the material and structure of a natural growth plate and to investigate whether BMSCs in a scaffold could prevent the formation of bone bridges in an injured growth plate. Autogenous BMSCs in oriented scaffolds promoted the regeneration of neogenetic growth plate when repairing an injured growth plate and prevent the formation of bone bridges to reduce the angular deformity and length discrepancy in the proximal tibia in rabbits. [Sci Rep] Full Article Investigators aimed to characterize the possible secretion of Netrin ligands by WJ-MSC. They evaluated if Netrin-1 presence in the conditioned media from these cells was capable of inducing angiogenesis both in vitro and in vivo, using human umbilical vein endothelial cells and chicken chorioallantoic membrane, respectively. [Stem Cell Res Ther] Full Article | |
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REVIEWSMesenchymal Stromal Cells for the Delivery of Oncolytic Viruses in Gliomas The authors review the role of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) in the treatment of glioblastomas, focusing on the intersection of MSCs and oncolytic viruses. [Cytotherapy] Abstract Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the mesenchymal cell research field. | |
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INDUSTRY NEWSThe SpaceX rocket carrying samples of donated adult stem cells from a research laboratory at Mayo Clinic’s Florida campus launched from NASA’s Kennedy Space Center in Cape Canaveral, Florida. The biological cells came from the laboratory of Dr. Abba Zubair, who specializes in cellular treatments for disease and regenerative medicine. According to Dr. Zubair, Whitson is performing the trypsinization step to harvest mesenchymal stem cells from a biocell culture system. [Mayo Clinic] Press Release Novogen Limited announced that it has been awarded a grant of up to A$3m over three years under the Cooperative Research Centre Project scheme managed by the Australian Department of Industry Innovation and Science. The grant has been awarded to fund development of a next-generation anti-tropomyosin program, which is intended to provide potential new therapies for cancer. [Novogen Limited (PR Newswire Association LLC.)] Press Release | |
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POLICY NEWSProminent British Geneticist Offers Defense in Long-Running Misconduct Investigation A leading UK academic has spoken publicly for the first time about a byzantine saga involving allegations of research misconduct in papers that stemmed from his research group at University College London. Geneticist David Latchman told Nature that although he did not scrutinize some of the papers sufficiently to detect errors, he also did not produce or directly supervise any of the images at the heart of the allegations. [Nature News] Editorial What Trump’s New Travel Ban Means for Science US President Donald Trump has signed a revised version of his controversial travel ban. The policy, issued on 6th March, exempts citizens of Iraq and people who have already been issued US visas — including those with green cards. Like the first order, which Trump signed on 27th January, the revised policy bars citizens of Iran, Libya, Somalia, Sudan, Syria and Yemen from the US for 90 days. [Nature News] Editorial
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