Mesenchymal Cell News 9.13 April 4, 2017 | |
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TOP STORYScientists sought to study the potential negative interaction between left ventricular dysfunction (LVD) and mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) activation. LVD switched cardiac MSCs (cMSCs) toward an inflammatory phenotype, with increased secretion of inflammatory cytokines, as well as chemokines. While transplantation of cMSCs and subcutaneous MSCs from LVD and sham hearts did not improve left ventricular remodeling and function, cMSCs from LVD exacerbated anterior wall thinning, 28 days after myocardial infarction. [Circulation] Abstract | |
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PUBLICATIONS(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)IN VITROResearchers report the in vitro generation of vascular wall (VW)-typical mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from induced pluripotent stem cells, based on a VW-MSC-specific gene code. Using a lentiviral vector expressing the so-called Yamanaka factors, they reprogrammed tail dermal fibroblasts from transgenic mice containing the GFP gene integrated into the Nestin-locus to facilitate lineage tracing after subsequent MSC differentiation. [Stem Cell Reports] Full Article Non-viral delivery vectors have been extensively used in tissue engineering, however their intrinsic effects on mesenchymal stem cell differentiation remain poorly understood. Scientists investigated the influence of three different classes of non-viral gene delivery vectors: (1) cationic polymers, (2) inorganic nanoparticles and (3) amphipathic peptides on modulating stem cell fate after reporter and therapeutic gene delivery. [Acta Biomater] Abstract | Graphical Abstract Mesenchymal Stem Cells Modulate Differentiation of Myeloid Progenitor Cells during Inflammation Investigators report the novel finding that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) inhibit the expression of differentiation markers on myeloid progenitors (MPs) under inflammatory conditions. They demonstrated that the inhibitory effect of MSCs is dependent on direct cell–cell contact and that this intercellular contact is mediated through interaction of CD200 expressed by MSCs and CD200R1 expressed by MPs. [Stem Cells] Abstract Aggregation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) into three-dimensional spheroids increases cell survival and augments their anti-inflammatory and proangiogenic potential, yet there is no consensus on the preferred conditions for maximizing spheroid function in this application. The authors aimed to optimize conditions for forming MSC spheroids that simultaneously enhance their anti-inflammatory and proangiogenic nature. [Stem Cells] Abstract Investigators found that 4T1 breast cancer cells induced malignant differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BDMSCs) and that BDMSCs also affected the growth and metastasis of 4T1 cells. However, when the interaction between BDMSCs and 4T1 cells was attenuated or blocked by C60(OH)22 nanoparticles, tumor growth and metastasis were significantly suppressed. [Nanomedicine] Abstract | Graphical Abstract Immunohistochemistry showed that leucine-rich-alpha-2-glycoprotein1 (LRG1) was increased in the subchondral bone and articular cartilage in anterior cruciate ligament transection mice. Results showed that LRG1 promoted angiogenesis and mesenchymal stem cells migration, which contribute to aberrant bone formation in the subchondral bone. [Cell Death Dis] Full Article IN VIVOThe authors hypothesized that the outcome of hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) would be improved by mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) treatment. Peripheral infusion of allogeneic bone marrow-MSCs was safe and convenient for patients with HBV-related ACLF and significantly increased the 24-week survival rate by improving liver function and decreasing the incidence of severe infections. [Hepatology] Abstract Scientists present a new platform using albumin-conjugated fluorescent nanodiamonds as biocompatible and photostable labels for quantitative tracking of human placenta choriodecidual membrane-derived mesenchymal stem cells in miniature pigs by magnetic modulation. [Sci Rep] Full Article Investigators demonstrated that microRNA-9 modified BMSCs can significantly reduce the pancreatic edema, infiltration, hemorrhage, necrosis, the release of amylase and lipase. Decreased local/systemic inflammatory response and enhanced regeneration of damaged pancreas were also promoted. [Sci Rep] Full Article Synthetic Matrix of Polyether-Polyurethane as a Biological Platform for Pancreatic Regeneration Researchers report a polymeric platform adherent to the native mice pancreas filled with human adipose stem cells that was able to induce growth of pancreatic parenchyma. They provide evidence of the ability of a biohybrid device to induce the growth of differentiated pancreas parenchyma in both normoglycemic and streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice as detected by histological analysis. [Life Sci] Abstract | Graphical Abstract | |
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REVIEWSThe authors provide an overview of the current knowledge about the most explored bone marrow-mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) in multiple sclerosis (MS) treatment in experimental and clinical studies. They propose that unconventional sources of stem cells, which show characteristics similar to that of BM-MSCs, and being less invasive for removal, could be considered an excellent alternative to BM-MSCs and thus could be a promising innovative approach for MS treatment. [Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz)] Abstract Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the mesenchymal cell research field. | |
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INDUSTRY NEWSBoston Children’s Hospital and Mesoblast Limited announced that the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has cleared the commencement of a 24-patient trial combining Mesoblast’s proprietary allogeneic mesenchymal precursor cells with corrective heart surgery in children under the age of five with hypoplastic left heart syndrome. [Mesoblast Limited] Press Release Stand Up To Cancer announced the award of $7.5 million in Innovative Research Grants focused on immuno-oncology to ten early-career scientists, in a program funded by a grant from Bristol-Myers Squibb Company. These awards were announced at the 2017 Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research. [Stand Up To Cancer (PR Newswire Association LLC.)] Press Release | |
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POLICY NEWSGenetic Details of Controversial ‘Three-Parent Baby’ Revealed When a US fertility clinic revealed last year that it had created a baby boy using a controversial technique that mixes DNA from three people, scientists were quick to raise the alarm. Some objected on ethical grounds, and others questioned the scientific claims made by the clinic’s leader, physician John Zhang. [Nature News] Editorial Brazilian Scientists Reeling as Federal Funds Slashed by Nearly Half Brazilian scientists have been left horrified by a 44% slash to the federal science budget, announced by the country’s government. This will leave the Ministry of Science, Technology, Innovations and Communications with its lowest budget in at least 12 years at just 2.8 billion reais, equivalent to US$898 million — a 2.2 billion reais cut from the five billion reais of funding that the government had originally proposed for 2017. [Nature News] Editorial
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EVENTSNEW 2nd Bioprocessing of Advanced Cellular Therapies Congress NEW GRKs and Arrestins: From Structure to Disease Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.
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JOB OPPORTUNITIESNEW Postdoctoral Fellow – Tissue Engineering (University of California, Davis) NEW PhD Student – Biomaterials (Uppsala University) Postdoctoral Fellows – Regenerative Medicine (Aga Khan University) Assistant/Associate Professors – Bone Biology (University of Michigan) Postdoctoral Fellow – Bone Biology and Bioinformatics (Stanford University) Postdoctoral Fellow – Gene and Stem Cell Therapy Program (Centenary Institute) Postdoctoral Fellow – Bone Regeneration and Stem Cell Biology (New York University) Postdoctoral Associate – Biomaterials (University of Minnesota) Assistant and Associate Professors – Regenerative & Cancer Cell Biology (Albany Medical College) Associate/Assistant Professor(s) – Biomedical Sciences (The Chinese University of Hong Kong) Recruit Top Talent: Reach potential candidates by posting your organization’s career opportunities on the Connexon Creative Job Board at no cost.
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