Mesenchymal Cell News Volume 9.26 | Jul 4 2017

TOP STORY

Effects of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes on Experimental Autoimmune Uveitis

The authors tested the effect of local administration of human mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (MSC-Exo) on established experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis (EAU) in the same species. They found that MSC-Exo greatly reduced the intensity of ongoing EAU as their parent cells by reducing the infiltration of T cell subsets, and other inflammatory cells, in the eyes. [Sci Rep] Full Article

(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)

IN VITRO

Combined Effects of Multi-Scale Topographical Cues on Stable Cell Sheet Formation and Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Researchers included biophysical signals from diverse surface topographical elements along with biochemical influences to develop a holistic understanding of human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) cell responses in complex tissue-like niches. They report the influence of chemically modified PDMS structures encompassing holes, pillars and grooves based multi-scale architectures on hMSC morphology, adhesion, proliferation and differentiation. [Biomater Sci] Abstract

Regeneration of Hyaline-Like Cartilage In Situ with SOX9 Stimulation of Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Investigators tested the therapeutic potential of the cell penetrating recombinant SRY-type high-mobility group box-9 (SOX9) protein in regeneration of hyaline cartilage in situ at the site of cartilage injury. They generated a recombinant SOX9 protein which was fused with super positively charged green fluorescence protein (scSOX9) to facilitate cell penetration. scSOX9 was able to induce chondrogenesis of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells in vitro. [PLoS One] Full Article

Osteoprotective Effect of Radix Scutellariae in Female Hindlimb-Suspended Sprague-Dawley Rats and the Osteogenic Differentiation Effect of Its Major Constituent

Researchers investigated the osteogenic differentiation effect of baicalin as the most abundant ingredient in Radix Scutellariae extract in rat bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (rBMSCs). In vitro studies demonstrated that baicalin significantly increased ALP activities and the formation of mineralized nodules in rBMSCs. [Molecules] Full Article

Secretion of Interleukin-6 by Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Promotes Metastasis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Investigators measured the concentration of interleukin-6 (IL-6) in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell conditioned medium (BMSC-CM). They assessed the changes of invasion ability in response to treatment of BMSC-CM or recombinant IL-6 in two human hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines Bel-7404 and HepG2. They found that BMSCs may activate the IL-6/STAT3 signaling pathway and promote cell invasion in Bel-7404 cells. [Biosci Rep] Abstract | Full Article

Integration of Mesenchymal Stem Cells into Islet Cell Spheroids Improves Long-Term Viability, but Not Islet Function

Pancreatic islets, especially the large islets have poor survival rates in culture. Co-culturing with mesenchymal stem cells has been shown to improve islet survival and function. Scientists determined whether islet survival and function was improved when the two populations of cells were intermingled with each other in a defined geometry. [Islets] Abstract

IN VIVO

lncRNA H19 Mediates BMP9-Induced Osteogenic Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) through Notch Signaling

The authors investigated the role of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) H19 in BMP9-regulated osteogenic differentiation of MSCs. They demonstrated that H19 was sharply upregulated at the early stage of BMP9 stimulation of MSCs, followed by a rapid decease and gradual return to basal level. [Oncotarget] Full Article

Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Attenuates Cardiac Apoptosis via Regulation of Cardiac miRNA-23a and miRNA-92a in a Rat Model of Myocardial Infarction

Scientists investigated the mechanisms underlying the effects of bone marrow-mesenchymal stem cell (BM-MSC)-derived paracrine factors and cardiac miRNAs on myocardial regeneration after myocardial infarction. BM-MSCs transplanted in infarcted rats significantly downregulated the expression of miRNA-23a and miRNA-92a and inhibited apoptosis in the myocardium. [PLoS One] Full Article

Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells Protect against SCA3 by Modulating the Level of 70 kD Heat Shock Protein

Researchers investigated the effects of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (HUC-MSCs) on spinocerebellar ataxia 3 (SCA3) mice and the underlying mechanisms. Their results exhibited that HUC-MSC transplantation significantly alleviated motor impairments, corresponding to a reduction of cerebellar atrophy, preservation of neurons, decreased expression of mutant ataxin-3, and increased expression of heat shock protein 70. [Cell Mol Neurobiol] Abstract

Oxysterols and Mesenchymal Stem Cell Biology

The authors review the literature regarding the effects of oxysterols on mesenchymal stem cell differentiation and the main signaling pathways involved in this process. [Chem Phys Lipids] Abstract

Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the mesenchymal cell research field.

Histogenics Completes Enrollment for Phase III Clinical Trial of Neocart^® to Treat Knee Cartilage Damage

Histogenics Corporation announced the completion of patient enrollment of its NeoCart^® Phase III clinical trial in accordance with the Special Protocol Assessment agreement with the United States FDA. The randomized Phase III clinical trial is designed to evaluate the safety and efficacy in 245 patients, of NeoCart compared to microfracture, the current standard of care for the treatment of articular cartilage defects. [Histogenics Corporation] Press Release

Life Spine Announces Full Commercial Release of Key Additions to the OSSEO-LOC™ Product Family

Life Spine announced the full commercial launch of key additions to the OSSEO-LOC™ spinal implant family. ProLift^® Expandable PLIF/TLIF Spacer System and TiBOW™ Expandable TLIF Spacer System join Life Spine’s OSSEO-LOC offering of titanium surface treated implants. OSSEO-LOC is a proprietary surface treatment that creates a unique osteophylic surface architecture for potential bone on-growth. [Life Spine, Inc.] Press Release

House Lawmakers Balk at Most Trump Science Cuts in Early Bills

No. That’s the first official answer from lawmakers in the U.S. House of Representatives to President Donald Trump’s request to make deep budget cuts at several key science funding agencies. [ScienceInsider] Editorial

Europe’s next Big Science-Funding Program Urged to Double Its Budget

Midway through the European Union’s sprawling seven-year, €75-billion research-funding program known as Horizon 2020, scientists are already angling for more money and less red tape in its successor. [Nature News] Editorial

Germany and Poland Launch Research ‘Twinning’ Effort

Germany and Poland are to jointly fund top scientists to start research groups at Polish institutes, in a scheme that could provide a new blueprint for east–west research collaboration in the European Union. [Nature News] Editorial

NEW World Congress on Osteoporosis, Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeletal Diseases
April 19-22, 2018
Krakow, Poland

Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.

NEW Postdoctoral Fellow – Mesenchymal Stem Cell Research (University of Turin)

NEW Postdoctoral Fellow – Sarcoma Development (University of Turin)

PhD Student Position – Skeletal Cell Biology (KU Leuven)

Postdoctoral Position – Metabolism (University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill)

Postdoctoral Position – Osteoarthritis (Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum)

Postdoctoral Researcher – Vascular-Stromal Regulation (Weill Cornell Medical College)

Assistant Professor – Regenerative Medicine (University of Ottawa)

Postdoctoral Position – Gene Regulation in Stem Cells and Tissue Regeneration (Northwestern University)

Postdoctoral Position – Cardiopulmonary Molecular Biology (Hannover Medical School)

PhD Position – Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering (Queensland University of Technology)

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