Mesenchymal Cell News Volume 9.43 | Oct 31 2017

TOP STORY

Murine Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Respond Efficiently to Oxidative Stress Despite the Low Level of Heme Oxygenases 1 and 2

Scientists assessed whether Hmox1 is critical for survival and functions of murine bone marrow MSCs. MSC Hmox1^-/- showed better resistance to hemin than fibroblasts and bone marrow-derived proangiogenic cells and rapidly reacted to the stress by upregulation of quintessential genes in antioxidant response. [Antioxid Redox Signal] Abstract

(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)

IN VITRO

Control of Adipogenic Differentiation in Mesenchymal Stem Cells via Endogenous Gene Activation Using CRISPR-Cas9

Investigators demonstrated endogenous activation of adipogenic genes through the dCas9-based transcription system, and achieved efficient induction of different types of adipocyte-like cells from MSCs. [ACS Synth Biol] Abstract

Survivin Is Required for Mouse and Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Function

While exploring regulatory molecules potentially involved in MSC activities, scientists found that the endogenous multifunctional factor Survivin is essential for MSC survival, expansion, lineage commitment and migration. [Stem Cells] Abstract

Expression and Regulation of Long Noncoding RNAs During the Osteogenic Differentiation of Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells in the Inflammatory Microenvironment

The authors have identified 63 lncRNAs that are not annotated in previous databases. These novel lncRNAs were not randomly located in the genome but preferentially located near protein-coding genes related to particular functions and diseases, such as stem cell maintenance and differentiation, development disorders and inflammatory diseases. [Sci Rep] Full Article

Shockwaves Inhibit Chondrogenic Differentiation of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Association with Adenosine and A2B Receptors

Researchers investigated the effect of extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) on chondrogenesis of human MSCs. They demonstrated that ESWT treatment caused a significant release of adenosine from human MSCs; ESWT treatment increased the levels of A2B receptor in human MSCs under 3-D culture conditions. [Sci Rep] Full Article

Intermittent Administration of Parathyroid Hormone 1-34 Enhances Osteogenesis of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells by Regulating Protein Kinase Cδ

Investigators examined the role of protein kinase C δ during intermittent and continuous parathyroid hormone (PTH) (1–34) administration using osteoblast-lineage-committed human MSCs. Relative gene expression of osteoblast-specific genes demonstrated significant upregulation of RUNX2, type I Collagen, ALP, and Osterix and increased alkaline phosphatase activity in the presence of PTH (1–34). [Int J Mol Sci] Full Article

Suppression of Long Non-Coding RNA LET Potentiates Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells (BMSCs) Proliferation by Up-Regulating TGF-β1

Scientists investigated the role of lncRNA low expression in tumor (LET) in BMSCs proliferation. LET suppression promoted BMSCs proliferation by up-regulating the expression of TGF-β1 and activating Wnt/β-catenin pathway. [J Cell Biochem] Abstract

Phenazine Carboxylic Acid and Its Derivative Induce Osteoblast Differentiation in Preosteoblastic MC3T3-E1 Cells but Adipocyte Differentiation in Pluripotent Mesenchymal C3H10T1/2 Cells

To find small compounds that induce osteoblast differentiation, researchers screened an in-house natural compounds library with mouse preosteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells using alkaline phosphatase expression as an early osteoblast marker. [J Antibiot (Tokyo)] Abstract

IN VIVO

Dual Modulation of Bone Formation and Resorption with Zoledronic Acid-Loaded Biodegradable Magnesium Alloy Implants Improves Osteoporotic Fracture Healing: An In Vitro and In Vivo Study

To augment bone formation and inhibit excessive resorption simultaneously, researchers constructed a biodegradable magnesium-based implant integrated with the anti-catabolic drug zoledronic acid (ZA); this implant exhibits controllable, sustained release of magnesium degradation products and ZA in vitro. [Acta Biomater] Abstract | Graphical Abstract

Human Periodontal Ligament- and Gingiva-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Promote Nerve Regeneration When Encapsulated in Alginate/Hyaluronic Acid 3D Scaffold

Investigators demonstrated that periodontal ligament stem cells and gingival mesenchymal stem cells isolated from adult human periodontal and gingival tissues assume neuronal phenotype in vitro and in vivo via a subcutaneous transplantation model in nude mice. [Adv Healthc Mater] Abstract

On the Origin and Impact of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Heterogeneity: New Insights and Emerging Tools for Single Cell Analysis

Researchers outline the dimensions across which MSC heterogeneity is present, defines some of the known mechanisms that govern this heterogeneity, and highlights emerging technologies that may further refine our understanding and improve our clinical application of this unique cell type. [Eur Cell Mater] Abstract

Cancer Cells, Cancer Stem Cells, and Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Influence in Cancer Development

The authors discuss recent findings related to conflicting results on the influence of normal and cancer stem cells in cancer development. [Stem Cells Transl Med] Full Article

Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the mesenchymal cell research field.

Biogennix Ramps Up National Distribution for Bone Graft Substitute Products osteoSPAN and Morpheus

Irvine-based Biogennix announced that it is expanding its distribution efforts for its novel bone graft substitutes, Morpheus^™ and osteoSPAN^™ to full national distribution. [Biogennix (Business Wire, Inc.)] Press Release

Cellect Announces a Major Breakthrough of Its ApoGraft^™ Technology: Reporting Positive Results from a 20 Patients Trial With Tel-Aviv Ichilov Medical Center

Cellect Biotechnology Ltd. announced that it has achieved a major milestone with the conclusion of a large study on the use ApoGraft^™ on stem cells derived from fat tissues. [Cellect Biotechnology Ltd. (PR Newswire Association LLC.)] Press Release

CellRight Technologies to Participate in World’s Largest Spine Exhibition

Tissue Regenix Group plc announced subsidiary CellRight Technologies will be participating in The North American Spine Society annual meeting – NASS 2017. [Tissue Regenix Group plc (Business Wire, Inc.)] Press Release

Six Papers by Disgraced Surgeon Should Be Retracted, Report Concludes

Sweden’s national scientific ethics board, the Expert Group on Misconduct in Research, has concluded that six papers authored by disgraced surgeon Paolo Macchiarini should be retracted. The papers describe the purported clinical success of artificial trachea “seeded” with a patient’s own stem cells. All three patients described in the papers died of complications related to the implant. [ScienceInsider] Editorial

Spanish Government Takes Control of Catalonian Universities

The Spanish government has taken over responsibility for higher education and research in Catalonia, following the region’s unilateral declaration of independence. It will retain control of spending on research centres and universities, which the League of European Research Universities says threatens institutional autonomy. [Nature News] Editorial

NEW International Society for Stem Cell Research (ISSCR) 2018 Annual Meeting
June 20-23, 2018
Melbourne, Australia

Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.

NEW Postdoctoral Position – Stem Cell Therapy (University of Southern Denmark)

NEW Research Assistant – Tissue Repair (Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Oxford)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Cardiac Recovery after Myocardial Infarction (University of Kentucky)

Assistant or Associate Professor – Sarcoma/Melanoma Surgery (The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center)

Assistant/Associate Professors – Developmental and Regenerative Biology (The Chinese University of Hong Kong)

Assistant Professor – Stem Cell And Regenerative Biology (Columbia University)

Postdoctoral Researcher – Stem Cell Research (University of Helsinki)

Postdoctoral Trainee – Cardiovascular Biology and Regenerative Medicine (Albert Einstein College of Medicine in New York)

Faculty Positions – Tissue Regeneration and Engineering (Duke University)

Tenure Track Faculty Positions – Regenerative Medicine, Tissue Repair and Tissue Engineering (University of Georgia)

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