Muscle Cell News Volume 1.07 | Apr 25 2016

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    Muscle Cell News 1.07 April 25, 2016

    Muscle Cell News

         In this issue: Publications | Reviews | Industry News | Policy News | Events | Jobs
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    TOP STORY
    Mechanics of a Heartbeat Are Controlled by Molecular Strut in Heart Muscle Cells
    Scientists found that molecular struts called microtubules interact with the heart’s contractile machinery to provide mechanical resistance for the beating of the heart. [Press release from the University of Pennsylvania discussing publication in Science] Press Release | Video | Abstract
    Watch Video MesenTrek Rise of Enriched Mouse MSC Cultures

     
    PUBLICATIONS (Ranked by impact factor of the journal)
    CARDIAC MUSCLE CELLS

    Splicing Misregulation of SCN5A Contributes to Cardiac-Conduction Delay and Heart Arrhythmia in Myotonic Dystrophy
    Researchers identified novel splicing alterations in myotonic dystrophy heart samples, including a switch from adult exon 6B towards fetal exon 6A in the cardiac sodium channel, SCN5A. Importantly, reproducing splicing alteration of Scn5a in mice is sufficient to promote heart arrhythmia and cardiac-conduction delay, two predominant features of myotonic dystrophy. [Nat Commun] Full Article | Press Release

    Miniaturized iPS-Cell-Derived Cardiac Muscles for Physiologically Relevant Drug Response Analyses
    The authors describe an approach that combines features of engineered heart muscle and cardiospheres: Micro-Heart Muscle arrays, in which elongated muscle fibers are formed in an easily fabricated template, with as few as 2,000 iPS-derived cardiomyocytes per individual tissue. [Sci Rep] Full Article | Press Release | Video

    Autophagy Inhibition of hsa-miR-19a-3p/19b-3p by Targeting TGF-β R II during TGF-β1-Induced Fibrogenesis in Human Cardiac Fibroblasts
    Scientists determined the role of MiR-19a-3p/19b-3p in regulating autophagy-mediated fibrosis of human cardiac fibroblasts. Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) promotes collagen I α2 and fibronectin synthesis in human cardiac fibroblasts and that is paralleled by autophagic activation in these cells. [Sci Rep] Full Article

    Central Role for GSK3β in the Pathogenesis of Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy
    Investigators showed that SB216763 (SB2) prevents myocyte injury and cardiac dysfunction in vivo in two murine models of arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy at baseline and in response to exercise. SB2-treated mice with desmosome mutations showed improvements in ventricular ectopy and myocardial fibrosis/inflammation as compared with vehicle-treated mice. [JCI Insight] Full Article | Press Release

    SKELETAL MUSCLE CELLS

    Laminopathies Disrupt Epigenomic Developmental Programs and Cell Fate
    Investigators fused mutated forms of the lamin A protein to bacterial DNA adenine methyltransferase (Dam) to define euchromatic-heterochromatin (epigenomic) transitions at the nuclear envelope during myogenesis. [Sci Transl Med] Abstract | Press Release

    Molecular Signatures of Membrane Protein Complexes Underlying Muscular Dystrophy
    Scientists present an analytical workflow based upon the principles of protein correlation profiling that enabled them to model the molecular composition of the dystrophin-glycoprotein complex in mouse skeletal muscle. [Mol Cell Proteomics] Abstract | Full Article

    SMOOTH MUSCLE CELLS

    Epithelium-Generated Neuropeptide Y Induces Smooth Muscle Contraction to Promote Airway Hyperresponsiveness
    Researchers determined that neuropeptide Y promotes airway hyperresponsiveness through the induction of Rho kinase activity and phosphorylation of myosin light chain, which induces airway smooth muscle contraction. [J Clin Invest] Full Article | Press Release 1 | Press Release 2

    The Molecular Basis of the Genesis of Basal Tone in Internal Anal Sphincter
    Investigators showed that deletion of myosin light-chain kinases in the smooth muscle cells from internal anal sphincter (IAS-SMCs) abolishes basal tone, impairing defecation. Pharmacological regulation of ryanodine receptors, L-type voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels or TMEM16A Ca2+-activated Cl− channels significantly changes global cytosolic Ca2+ concentration and the tone. [Nat Commun] Full Article | Press Release

    Neutrophil-Derived Exosomes: A New Mechanism Contributing to Airway Smooth Muscle Remodeling
    Scientists determined whether bioactive exosomes are released by neutrophils, and characterized their proteomic profile, and evaluated their capacity to modulate airway smooth muscle cell proliferation. [Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol] Abstract

    Epithelial Splicing Regulatory Protein 1 (ESRP1) Is a New Regulator of Stomach Smooth Muscle Development and Plasticity
    Researchers identified the RNA-binding protein ESRP1 as an early marker of developing and undifferentiated stomach mesenchyme. Using a gain-of-function approach, they found that in chicken embryos, sustained expression of ESRP1 impairs stomach smooth muscle cell differentiation and FGFR2 splicing profile. [Dev Biol] Abstract

    Weekend-Free Culture hPSCs with mTeSRâ„¢1 or TeSRâ„¢-E8â„¢

     
    REVIEWS
    Muscle Wasting and Aging: Experimental Models, Fatty Infiltrations, and Prevention
    The authors focus on available experimental models involving cell, animal, or human experiments on muscle wasting. They point out the role of intermuscular adipose tissue in muscle wasting and aging and try to highlight new findings concerning aging and muscle-resident mesenchymal stem cells called fibro/adipogenic progenitors by linking some cellular players implicated in both FAP fate modulation and advancing age. [Mol Aspects Med] Abstract

    Skeletal Muscle as a Gene Regulatory Endocrine Organ
    Skeletal muscle is gaining increased attention as an endocrine organ. Recently, novel myokines and new effects of already established myokines have been identified. Scientists give an update on the recent advances in the field. [Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care] Abstract

    Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the muscle cell research field.

     
    INDUSTRY NEWS
    NanoCor Therapeutics Announces FDA Acceptance of Investigational New Drug (IND) for Carfostin®
    NanoCor Therapeutics, Inc. announced that the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has accepted the company’s IND application for Carfostin®, a cardiac gene therapy in development for the treatment of congestive heart failure. [NanoCor Therapeutics, Inc. (PR Newswire Association LLC)] Press Release

    REPRIEVE, Largest HIV-Related Cardiovascular Disease Clinical Trial Ever, Enrolls More Than 1,000 Participants
    The trial is designed to investigate among people living with HIV whether statin use can prevent a very common comorbidity – cardiovascular disease. To date, the clinical trial has enrolled nearly 1,200 participants living with HIV across approximately 85 trial sites. [Massachusetts General Hospital] Press Release

    From our sponsor: Learn about detecting cancer stem cells with ALDEFLUOR™. Watch the webinar.

     
    POLICY NEWS
    National Institutes of Health (United States)

    Food and Drug Administration (United States)

    Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (United States)

    European Medicines Agency (European Union)

    Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (United Kingdom)

    Therapeutic Goods Administration (Australia)

     
    EVENTS
    NEW Nordic Life Science Days 2016
    September 14-15, 2016
    Stockholm, Sweden

    NEW CELLS | Musculoskeletal 2016
    October 7-9, 2016
    Amsterdam, Netherlands

    Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the muscle cell community.

     
    JOB OPPORTUNITIES
    NEW Research Technologist – Myogenic and Progenitor Cell (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

    NEW PhD Positions – Molecular and Cellular Biology (IGBMC)

    NEW Research Technician – Myogenesis, Neurogenesis and Related Diseases (Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center)

    Postdoctoral Fellow – Immuno-Metabolic Modulation of Skeletal Muscle Insulin Sensitivity (Karolinska Institutet)

    PhD Position – Muscle Fiber Type Switch in Congenital Myopathies (King’s College London)

    Postdoctoral Fellow – Pathogenesis of Heart and Vascular Injury (University of Alberta)

    Research Associate – Muscle Molecular Biology and Biochemistry (The University of York)

    Postdoctoral Researcher – Stem Cell Biology Regenerative Medicine (NUI Galway)

    Research Assistant РSkeletal Muscle Cell Biology (Nestl̩)

    Postdoctoral Positions – Tissue Repair/Inflammation (Institut Pasteur)


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