Neural Cell News Volume 10.07 | Feb 24 2016

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    Neural Cell News 10.07 February 24, 2016

    Neural Cell News

         In this issue: Publications | Reviews | Industry News | Policy News | Events | Jobs
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    TOP STORY
    The Brain Gives Up More Secrets
    Researchers have broken new ground in the understanding of the complex functioning of the brain. They demonstrated that brain cells, known as astrocytes, which play fundamental roles in nearly all aspects of brain function, can be adjusted by neurons in response to injury and disease. [Press release from McGill University discussing online prepublication in Science] Press Release | Abstract
    Neural Supplements For High-Quality Neural Cell Cultures

     
    PUBLICATIONS (Ranked by impact factor of the journal)
    Axon Degeneration Gated by Retrograde Activation of Somatic Pro-Apoptotic Signaling
    The signaling driving axon degeneration upon local deprivation is proposed to reside within axons. The authors instead support a model in which, despite the apoptotic machinery being present in axons, the cell body is an active participant in gating axonal caspase activation and axon degeneration. [Cell]
    Abstract | Graphical Abstract | Press Release

    Insertional Mutagenesis Identifies a STAT3/Arid1b/β-Catenin Pathway Driving Neurofibroma Initiation
    Genetic deletion of Stat3 in Schwann cell progenitors (SCPs) and Schwann cells prevented neurofibroma formation, decreasing SCP self-renewal and β-catenin activity. β-catenin expression rescued the effects of Stat3 loss in SCPs. [Cell Rep] Full Article | Graphical Abstract

    Age-Related Neurogenesis Decline in the Subventricular Zone Is Associated with Specific Cell Cycle Regulation Changes in Activated Neural Stem Cells
    Using a fluorescence-activated cell sorting technique that allows for the prospective purification of the main neurogenic populations from the subventricular zone, scientists demonstrated an early decline in adult neurogenesis with a dramatic loss of progenitor cells in four month-old young adult mice. [Sci Rep] Full Article

    Traumatic Brain Injury Causes Aberrant Migration of Adult-Born Neurons in the Hippocampus
    Researchers assessed the destination of adult-born neurons following traumatic brain injury. They found that a large percentage of immature neurons migrated past their normal stopping site at the inner granular cell layer (GCL), and became misplaced in the outer GCL of the hippocampal dentate gyrus. [Sci Rep] Full Article

    ER Stress and Autophagic Perturbations Lead to Elevated Extracellular α-Synuclein in GBA-N370S Parkinson’s iPSC-Derived Dopamine Neurons
    The authors analyzed ten independent induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) lines from three controls and three unrelated Parkinson’s disease patients heterozygous for the GBA-N370S mutation, and identified relevant disease mechanisms. After differentiation into dopaminergic neurons, they observed misprocessing of mutant glucocerebrosidase protein in the ER, associated with activation of ER stress and abnormal cellular lipid profiles. [Stem Cell Reports] Full Article | Graphical Abstract | Press Release

    EVA1A/TMEM166 Regulates Embryonic Neurogenesis by Autophagy
    Scientists showed that Eva1a/Tmem166, an autophagy-related gene, regulates neural stem cell self-renewal and differentiation. Eva1a depletion impaired the generation of newborn neurons, both in vivo and in vitro. [Stem Cell Reports] Full Article | Graphical Abstract

    Altered Kv2.1 Functioning Promotes Increased Excitability in Hippocampal Neurons of an Alzheimer’s Disease Mouse Model
    The authors investigated Kv2.1 currents and its relation to the intrinsic synaptic activity of hippocampal neurons from 3xTg-AD (triple transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease) mice, a widely employed preclinical Alzheimer’s disease model. [Cell Death Dis] Full Article

    ER-α36, a Novel Variant of ERα, Is Involved in the Regulation of Tamoxifen-Sensitivity of Glioblastoma Cells
    The significance of ER-α36 to tamoxifen resistance in glioblastoma cells was examined. An analysis of ER-α36 expression in two glioblastoma cell lines U87-MG and U251, showed that ER-α36 was anchored to the cytoplasmic membrane of these cells via caveolin-1. [Steroids] Abstract

    FREE Wallchart: Glioblastoma Multiforme

     
    REVIEWS
    Utilizing Stem Cells for Three-Dimensional Neural Tissue Engineering
    The authors discuss the vast potential, as well as the current challenges, unique to integration of three-dimensional fabrication strategies and stem cells into neural tissue engineering. [Biomater Sci] Abstract

    Wnt-YAP Interactions in the Neural Fate of Human Pluripotent Stem Cells and the Implications for Neural Organoid Formation
    The authors highlight recent advances in neural tissue patterning from human pluripotent stem cells, in particular the role of Wnt pathway and Yes-associated protein (YAP) activity in this process. [Organogenesis] Abstract

    Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the neural cell research field.

    ASGCT 2016 Annual Meeting

     
    INDUSTRY NEWS
    Cancer MoonShot 2020 Announces the Formation of a National Pediatrics Consortium, a Major Milestone in the War on Cancer in Children
    Cancer MoonShot 2020 announced another milestone in its quest to alter the course of cancer care with the formation of the Pediatrics Consortium focused on bringing the promise of combined immunotherapy as the next-generation standard of cancer care to children diagnosed with the disease. [Cancer MoonShot 2020] Press Release

    Cutting Edge Medical Research Ideas Receive £23.2 Million Boost
    The Medical Research Council is accelerating innovative medical research with £23.2 million in new funding to take ground-breaking ideas from UK universities into industry and out to patients. [Medical Research Council] Press Release

    Gene Therapy for Parkinson’s Disease to be Tested by Pitt, UPMC Experts
    Experts at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine (UPMC) are leading the second arm of a clinical trial using gene therapy to relieve the symptoms of tremor and mobility impairment in patients with Parkinson’s disease. [University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine] Press Release

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    POLICY NEWS
    National Institutes of Health (United States)

    Food and Drug Administration (United States)

    Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (United States)

    European Medicines Agency (European Union)

    Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (United Kingdom)

    Therapeutic Goods Administration (Australia)

     
    EVENTS
    NEW 3rd Immunotherapy of Cancer Conference (ITOC)
    March 21-23, 2016
    Munich, Germany

    Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the neural cell community.

     
    JOB OPPORTUNITIES
    NEW Research Fellow Positions – Regenerative Therapies (Queen’s University Belfast)

    Scientist – Human Pluripotent Stem Cell Neural Differentiation (STEMCELL Technologies)

    Postdoctoral Fellow – Gene Control of Neural Network (Baylor College of Medicine)

    Postdoctoral Fellowship – Adult Neurogenesis and Brain Cancer (Medical Research Council)

    Postdoctoral Fellowship – Neural Circuits and Behavior (Rutgers University)

    Postdoctoral Fellowship – Neural Stem Cell Biology (University of Tromsø)

    Postdoctoral Researcher – Brain Cancer (University of Oxford)

    PhD Positions – Cancer/Brain Tumor Research (Plymouth University)

    Postdoctoral Fellow Positions – Neuroscience/Neuroimmunology (Stanford University)

    Postdoctoral Fellow – Neuroscience (Max Planck Florida Institute for Neuroscience)

    Postdoctoral Fellowship – Regulation/Function/Structure of the Synapse (National Institutes of Health)

    Postdoctoral Fellowship – Cognitive Neurology (University Medical Center Gottingen)

    PhD Studentship – Various Projects (Hector Fellow Academy)

    Postdoctoral Fellow – Pediatric Brain Cancer (Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center)


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