Neural Cell News 12.13 April 4, 2018 | |
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TOP STORYInvestigators demonstrated that exposure of cobalt and chromium nanoparticles to BeWo cell barriers, an in vitro model of the human placenta, triggers impairment of the autophagic flux and release of interleukin-6. This contributes to the altered differentiation of human neural progenitor cells and DNA damage in the derived neurons and astrocytes. [Nat Nanotechnol] Abstract | Press Release | |
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PUBLICATIONS(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)Kir4.1-Dependent Astrocyte-Fast Motor Neuron Interactions Are Required for Peak Strength The authors report that ventral horn astrocytes express the inward-rectifying K+ channel Kcnj10 (Kir4.1) around motor neurons (MNs) in a VGLUT1-dependent manner. Loss of astrocyte-encoded Kir4.1 selectively altered fast α-MN size and function and led to reduced peak strength. [Neuron] Full Article Rbfox1 Regulates Synaptic Transmission through the Inhibitory Neuron-Specific vSNARE Vamp1 Dysfunction of the neuronal RNA binding protein RBFOX1 has been linked to epilepsy and autism spectrum disorders. Scientists identified the vSNARE protein Vamp1 as a major Rbfox1 target. Vamp1 was strongly downregulated in Rbfox1 Nes-cKO mice due to loss of 3′ UTR binding by RBFOX1. Cytoplasmic Rbfox1 stimulated Vamp1 expression in part by blocking miRNA-9. [Neuron] Abstract | Graphical Abstract The authors confirmed that neurons newly generated from neural stem/progenitor cells (NS/PCs) are integrated into the granular cell layer in the adult hippocampus; however, prenatal valproic acid treatment altered the expression in NS/PCs of genes associated with cell migration, including CXC motif chemokine receptor 4, consequently increasing the ectopic localization of newborn neurons in the hilus. [Proc Natl Acad Sci USA] Full Article Researchers demonstrated that subventricular zone neural stem cells generate and release extracellular vesicles (EVs). Small RNA sequencing identified miRNAs within the EVs that regulate microglia physiology and morphology. EVs induced a transition to a CD11b/Iba1 non-stellate microglial morphology. [Cell Rep] Full Article | Graphical Abstract The Nociceptin Receptor Inhibits Axonal Regeneration and Recovery from Spinal Cord Injury The authors found that ORL1 limits neural repair directly and indirectly by enhancing NgR1 maturation, and ORL1 antagonists enhance recovery from traumatic CNS injuries in wild-type and Ngr1 null mice. [Sci Signal] Full Article Investigators showed that far upstream element-binding protein 1 expression is dynamically regulated during neurogenesis and that its downregulation in neural progenitors impairs terminal differentiation and promotes tumorigenesis collaboratively with expression of IDH1R132H. [Stem Cell Reports] Full Article | Graphical Abstract Scientists demonstrated that swip-10 mutations induce premature and progressive dopamine neuron degeneration, with light and electron microscopy studies demonstrating the presence of dystrophic dendritic processes, as well as shrunken and/or missing cell soma. [PLoS Genet] Full Article | Press Release Investigators showed that U-87 MG and D54 glioblastoma cell lines and multiple glioblastoma stem cell lines express transferrin receptors and that their growth is inhibited by gallium maltolate in vitro. [Mol Cancer Ther] Abstract Scientists showed that stem cells are activated after middle cerebral artery occlusion, possibly after increased access to systemic stroke-related factors through a leaky blood-brain-barrier. However, the recruitment of stem cells for neurogenesis after stroke resulted in a stepwise ipsilateral decline with each ischemic event, which could contribute to post-stroke dementia. [Neurobiol Dis] Abstract Researchers investigated the potential function of lentiviral vector harboring Nogo receptor 1 (NgR1) shRNA (LV-NgR1 shRNA) on neurogenesis in spinal cord injury. Animals that received LV-NgR1 shRNA remarkably improved their motor function. [Sci Rep] Full Article | |
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REVIEWSFunctions and the Related Signaling Pathways of the Neurotrophic Factor Neuritin Recent evidence suggests that neuritin may be a potential therapeutic target in several neurodegenerative diseases. The authors focus on recent advances in studies regarding the newly identified functions of neuritin and the signaling pathways related to these functions. [Acta Pharmacol Sin] Abstract Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the neural cell research field. | |
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SCIENCE NEWSEsperite with its biotech company The Cell Factory has acquired from OPBG the full rights to the IP and the international patent family covering the invention and the therapeutic use of the extracellular vesicles (EV’s) products. In collaboration with Women’s and Children’s Health Department of the University of Padua, Italy they are presenting the new generation EV’s biologic drugs bio-activated with Annexin V targeting multiple inflammatory diseases, i.e. Crohn’s disease, drug resistance epilepsy, stroke. [Press release from Esperite discussing research to be presented at GISM congress, Assisi and ISEV Meeting, Barcelona] Press Release | |
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INDUSTRY NEWSPTC Therapeutics, Inc. and the CHDI Foundation, Inc. announced a research collaboration to advance PTC’s Huntington’s disease program. The program is optimizing small-molecule compounds—identified using PTC’s splicing technology platform-that decrease the production of huntingtin protein. [PTC Therapeutics, Inc.] Press Release MRI analysis of patients who received intradiscal injections of human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) shows significant improvement in disc height after six months. This is the latest evidence from SpinalCyte, LLC and it suggests that there is a quantifiable regenerative process stimulated by its new cell-based therapy, CybroCell, which is the first off-the-shelf allogeneic HDF product for treatment of degenerative disc disease. [SpinalCyte, LLC] Press Release Sunovion Pharmaceuticals Inc. announced that it has submitted a new drug application to the FDA for apomorphine sublingual film to treat motor fluctuations experienced by people living with Parkinson’s disease. [Sunovion Pharmaceuticals Inc.] Press Release PharmAbcine Announces FDA Orphan Drug Designation Granted to TTAC-0001 for Glioblastoma Multiforme PharmAbcine Inc. announced that FDA has granted orphan drug designation to its leading clinical compound TTAC-0001 for treatment of glioblastoma multiforme. [PharmAbcine Inc.] Press Release HFSP Award to Anne Grapin-Botton The team of Anne Grapin-Botton, together with three international teams, Daniel Riveline (France), Alf Honnigmann (Germany) and Masaki Sano (Japan) were awarded the prestigious Human Frontiers Science Project fellowship for their interdisciplinary project investigating the coupling between polarization and differentiation in pancreatic and neural organoids. [University of Copenhagen] Press Release Puma Biotechnology, Inc. announced that NERLYNX® has been included as a recommended treatment option in the latest National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology Central Nervous System Cancers for Breast Cancer patients with brain metastases. [Puma Biotechnology, Inc.] Press Release | |
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POLICY NEWS2018 March for Science Will Be Far More than Street Protests The March for Science has matured. It may even have outgrown its name. [ScienceInsider] Editorial Cancer Researchers Push to Relax Rules for Clinical Trials US government examines whether criteria for participating in drug studies unnecessarily exclude some people. [Nature News] Editorial EU Copyright Reforms Draw Fire from Scientists An influential committee of the European Parliament is due to vote on changes to copyright regulations in the European Union (EU), but the latest drafts of the rules have triggered a wave of criticism from open-science advocates. They say that the proposals will stifle research and scholarly communication. [Nature News] Editorial French Universities Cancel Subscriptions to Springer Journals French research organizations and universities have canceled their subscriptions to Springer journals, due to an impasse in fee negotiations between the publisher and Couperin.org, a national consortium representing more than 250 academic institutions in France. [The Scientist] Editorial Cancer Researcher at the Ohio State University Resigns following Multiple Misconduct Findings A cancer researcher has resigned from The Ohio State University in Columbus after the institution determined he had committed misconduct in eight papers. His work in designing anticancer compounds had led to millions of dollars in funding and multiple patents, as well as two compounds in clinical trials. [ScienceInsider] Editorial
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JOB OPPORTUNITIESNEW Postdoctoral Biologist – Neural Cell (University of Oxford) Research Fellow/Associate – Neuroscience and Diabetes (Rutgers University) Postdoctoral Position – Bacterial Virulence Factors (University of California, Irvine) Postdoctoral Fellow – Neural Control of Circulation (MD Anderson Cancer Center) Postdoctoral Associate – Tumor Stem Cell Biology (Weill Cornell Medicine) Postdoctoral Position – Cancer, Immunotherapy, and Fibrosis (University of Alabama at Birmingham) Scientist – Molecular Neuroscience (Loyola University Chicago) Postdoctoral Associate – hiPSC-Based Brain Organoids (Rutgers University) Postdoctoral Position – Neuroscience and Mitochondrial Physiology (University of Moncton) Postdoctoral Position – Pain in Mouse Models of Spinal Cord Injury (Indiana University) Postdoctoral Position – Spinal Cord Injury (Nanyang Technological University) Multiple Faculty Positions – Neuroscience and Neuroengineering (Tsinghua University) Faculty Members – Neuroscience (Mercer University) Recruit Top Talent: Reach potential candidates by posting your organization’s career opportunities on the Connexon Creative Job Board at no cost.
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