Neural Cell News Volume 14.19 | May 20 2020

TOP STORY

Feedback Generates a Second Receptive Field in Neurons of the Visual Cortex

Researchers showed that feedback projections onto excitatory neurons in the mouse primary visual cortex generated a second receptive field that was driven by stimuli outside the feedforward receptive field. [Nature] Full Article

(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)

GLP-1 Receptor Signaling in Astrocytes Regulates Fatty Acid Oxidation, Mitochondrial Integrity, and Function

Scientists demonstrated that glucagon-like peptide (GLP)-1 inhibited glucose uptake and promotes β-oxidation in cultured astrocytes. [Cell Metab] Full Article | Graphical Abstract

Precise Coupling of the Thalamic Head-Direction System to Hippocampal Ripples

By simultaneously recording ensembles of neurons in the anterior thalamus and local field potentials in the CA1 area of the hippocampus, investigators showed that the head-direction cells of the anterodorsal nucleus were set in stable directions immediately before sharp wave-ripples. [Nat Commun] Full Article

Representation of Visual Uncertainty Through Neural Gain Variability

Scientists studied spiking activity of neurons in macaque V1 and V2 elicited by repeated presentations of stimuli whose uncertainty was manipulated in distinct ways. [Nat Commun] Full Article

Human Glial Progenitor Cells Effectively Remyelinate the Demyelinated Adult Brain

Implanted human glial progenitor cells remyelinated denuded axons after cuprizone demyelination, whether delivered before or after demyelination. [Cell Rep] Full Article | Graphical Abstract

CNTF-STAT3-IL-6 Axis Mediates Neuroinflammatory Cascade across Schwann Cell-Neuron-Microglia

Investigators found that ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF), highly expressed in Schwann cells, mediated neuroinflammatory response through the activating signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and inducing interleukin 6 (IL-6) in sensory neurons. [Cell Rep] Full Article | Graphical Abstract

Cerebellar Cells Self-Assemble into Functional Organoids on Synthetic, Chemically Crosslinked ECM-Mimicking Peptide Hydrogels

Neurons on polyethylene glycol molecular templates had more neurites and better synaptic efficiency compared to polyethylene glycol molecular templates. For comparison, poly-L-lysine-coated glass and plastic surfaces did not induce formation of such spontaneously active networks. [Biomolecules] Abstract | Download Full Article

The Fornix Acts as a Permissive Corridor for Septal Neuron Migration Beyond the Diencephalic-Telencephalic Boundary

The authors showed that the postcommissural fornix was essential for posterior septal (PS) neuron migration which was largely confined to its axonal tract, which grew in the opposite direction as PS neuron migration. [Sci Rep] Full Article

IRE1α and IGF Signaling Predict Resistance to an Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Inducing Drug in Glioblastoma Cells

Investigators tested 12ADT, a sarcoendoplasmic reticulum Ca²⁺ ATPase inhibitor, on a panel of unselected patient-derived neurosphere-forming cells and found that glioblastoma multiforme cells could be distinguished into “responder” and “non-responder”. [Sci Rep] Full Article

Anion-Exchange Chromatography Mass Spectrometry Provides Extensive Coverage of Primary Metabolic Pathways Revealing Altered Metabolism in IDH1 Mutant Cells

Scientists investigated the metabolic effects of isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) mutations in glioblastoma cells. [Commun Biol] Full Article

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The Evolutionary Assembly of Neuronal Machinery

The author discusses the step-wise assembly of functional modules in neuron evolution, which serves as a paradigm for the emergence and modification of molecular machinery in the evolution of cell types in multicellular organisms. [Curr Biol] Full Article

Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the neural cell research field.

Cyclo Therapeutics Inc. Announces Positive Top Line Results from Phase I Trial and Interim Analysis of Phase I/II Trial using Trappsol^® Cyclo^™ Intravenously to Treat Patients with Niemann-Pick Disease Type C1 (NPC1)

Cyclo Therapeutics, Inc. announced Top Line data showing a favorable safety and tolerability profile for Trappsol® Cyclo™ as well as encouraging signals in efficacy for all dose groups evaluated in the treatment of NPC1. [Cyclo Therapeutics, Inc.] Press Release

Open-Access Science Funders Announce Price Transparency Rules for Publishers

Science journals will have to disclose the costs of publishing articles in order for them to be paid for by a coalition of research funders pushing for open access. [ScienceInsider] Editorial

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NEW Postdoctoral Position – Electron Microscopy of Brain Circuits (Technical University of Munich)

NEW Investigator Scientist – Brain Neuron Research (The MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology)

Postdoctoral Position – Ferroptosis Research in Neuroblastoma (Flanders Institute for Biotechnology)

Postdoctoral Associate – Neurobiology Research (Cornell University)

Postdoctoral Position – Neuroscience (Linköping University)

Associate Professor – Molecular Neurobiology (Aarhus University)

Researcher Position – Transcriptional Activity in Brain Diseases (Italian Institute of Technology)

Postdoctoral Position – Brain and Disease Research (Flanders Institute for Biotechnology)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Neurogenerative Disease (Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine)

Postdoctoral Program – Aging and Alzheimer’s Disease Research (Huntington Medical Research Institutes)

Scientist – Oligonucleotide Therapies for Neurological Disorders (Deep Genomics Inc.)

Postdoctoral Associate – Neuron Diversity Mechanisms in Brain Development (Howard Hughes Medical Institute)

Faculty Positions – Brain Disorders (IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research)

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