Neural Cell News Volume 14.25 | July 8 2020

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    NCN 14.25 | Jul 8


    Neural Cell News by STEMCELL Technologies
    Vol. 14.25 – 8 July, 2020
    TOP STORY

    Glucose Metabolism Links Astroglial Mitochondria to Cannabinoid Effects

    Investigators showed that activation of mouse astroglial type-1 cannabinoid receptors associated with mitochondrial membranes hampered the metabolism of glucose and the production of lactate in the brain, resulting in altered neuronal functions.
    [Nature]

    Full Article

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    PUBLICATIONSRanked by the impact factor of the journal

    Microglia Phagocytose Myelin Sheaths to Modify Developmental Myelination

    To determine whether microglia also prune myelin sheaths, scientists used zebrafish to visualize and manipulate interactions between microglia, oligodendrocytes, and neurons during development.
    [Nature Neuroscience]

    Abstract

    Intellectual Disability-Associated UNC80 Mutations Reveal Inter-Subunit Interaction and Dendritic Function of the NALCN Channel Complex

    The authors demonstrated that two large proteins, UNC80 and UNC79, were subunits of the sodium-leak channel (NALCN) complex. The C-terminus of UNC80 contained a domain that interacted with UNC79 and overcame a soma-retention signal to achieve dendritic localization.
    [Nature Communications]

    Full Article

    C9orf72 Arginine-Rich Dipeptide Repeats Inhibit UPF1-Mediated RNA Decay via Translational Repression

    Scientists showed that RNA decay mechanisms involving upstream frameshift, including nonsense-mediated decay, were inhibited in c9ALS/FTD brains and in cultured cells expressing either of two arginine-rich dipeptide repeats, poly(GR) and poly(PR).
    [Nature Communications]

    Full Article

    LIN28B Regulates Transcription and Potentiates MYCN-Induced Neuroblastoma through Binding to ZNF143 at Target Gene Promotors

    Genome-wide chromatin immunoprecipitation coupled with massively parallel DNA sequencing and coimmunoprecipitation experiments showed that LIN28B binds active gene promoters in neuroblastoma cells through protein-protein interaction with the sequence-specific zinc-finger transcription factor ZNF143.
    [Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America]

    Full Article

    Spiking Neurons with Spatiotemporal Dynamics and Gain Modulation for Monolithically Integrated Memristive Neural Networks

    Investigators demonstrated an artificial neuron based on NbOx volatile memristor that realized traditional all-or-nothing, threshold-driven spiking and spatiotemporal integration.
    [Nature Communications]

    Full Article

    Extrinsic Activin Signaling Cooperates with an Intrinsic Temporal Program to Increase Mushroom Body Neuronal Diversity

    Scientists showed that the Activin ligand Myoglianin produced from glia downregulated the levels of the intrinsic temporal factor Imp in mushroom body neuroblasts.
    [eLife]

    Abstract

    PCP4/PEP19 Downregulates Neurite Outgrowth via Transcriptional Regulation of Ascl1 and NeuroD1 Expression in Human Neuroblastoma M17 Cells

    Researchers investigated the effects of Purkinje cell protein 4/peptide 19 (PCP4/PEP19) expression on neuronal differentiation by analyzing neurite outgrowth, and expression of neuronal differentiation markers in cultured human neuroblastoma M17 cells.
    [Laboratory investigation]

    Abstract

    Functional and Transcriptional Characterization of Complex Neuronal Co-Cultures

    Investigators increased cellular complexity of traditional neuronal cultures by co-culturing with astrocytes and oligodendrocyte precursor cells.
    [Scientific Reports]

    Full Article

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    REVIEWS

    Neuronal Regulation of the Blood-Brain Barrier and Neurovascular Coupling

    Scientists review how neural and vascular activity act on one another with regard to the blood–brain barrier and neurovascular coupling.
    [Nature Reviews Neuroscience]

    Abstract

    Pathomechanisms in Schwannoma Development and Progression

    The authors provide an overview of intra- and intercellular mechanisms contributing to schwannoma formation.
    [Oncogene]

    Full Article

    INDUSTRY AND POLICY NEWS

    Ziopharm Oncology Doses First DIPG Patient in Phase I/II Trial of Controlled IL-12 for the Treatment of Pediatric Brain Tumors

    Ziopharm Oncology, Inc. announced that the first patient with diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma has been dosed in its Phase I/II study of Ad-RTS-hIL-12 with veledimex for the treatment of pediatric brain tumors.
    [Ziopharm Oncology]

    Press Release

    Initiative Recruits Scientist-Volunteers to Aid COVID-19 Research

    In mid-March, as businesses and universities across Europe were shutting down in a bid to slow the COVID-19 pandemic, three longtime friends were talking about how they wished they could do something to combat the disease.
    [The Scientist]

    Editorial

    An Optimist Takes the Helm at the National Science Foundation

    The new director of the National Science Foundation (NSF), Sethuraman “Panch” Panchanathan, is familiar with the dark clouds over the agency. His boss, President Donald Trump, keeps proposing big cuts to NSF’s budget. Two recent executive orders on immigration make it harder for foreign scientists—who make up a sizeable share of the U.S. research enterprise—to enter the country.
    [Science]

    Editorial

    FEATURED EVENT

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    JOB OPPORTUNITIES

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    BrightFocus Foundation – Clarksburg, Maryland, United States

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    Sup’Biotech Engineering School – Villejuif, Lyon, France

    Scientific Leader – Neuroscience and Technology Translation

    Simon Fraser University – Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada

    Tenure-Track Investigator – Computational Neuroscientist

    NIH National Institute of Mental Health – Bethesda, Maryland, United States

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