Neural Cell News Volume 15.04 | Feb 3 2021

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    2021-02-03 | NCN 15.04


    Neural Cell News by STEMCELL Technologies
    Vol. 15.04 – 3 February, 2021
    TOP STORY

    Single-Neuronal Predictions of Others’ Beliefs in Humans

    Using recordings from single cells in the human dorsomedial prefrontal cortex, investigators identified neurons that reliably encoded information about others’ beliefs across richly varying scenarios and that distinguished self- from other-belief-related representations.
    [Nature]

    AbstractPress Release

    Explore scientific events this February with the Science Events Calendar.
    PUBLICATIONSRanked by the impact factor of the journal

    Mitohormesis in Hypothalamic POMC Neurons Mediates Regular Exercise-Induced High-Turnover Metabolism

    Scientists demonstrated the opposing metabolic effects of low-level and high-level mitochondrial ribosomal stress in hypothalamic proopiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons.
    [Cell Metabolism]

    AbstractPress ReleaseGraphical Abstract

    Oligodendrocyte Precursor Cell Specification Is Regulated by Bidirectional Neural Progenitor–Endothelial Cell Crosstalk

    Researchers identified bidirectional crosstalk between the neural and the vascular compartment of the developing CNS required for oligodendrocyte precursor cell specification.
    [Nature Neuroscience]

    Abstract

    Optogenetic Manipulation of Cellular Communication Using Engineered Myosin Motors

    Investigators presented a versatile optogenetic toolbox of artificial multi-headed myosin motors that could move bidirectionally within long cellular extensions and allowed for the selective transport of GFP-tagged cargo with light.
    [Nature Cell Biology]

    Abstract

    PRMT6 Methylation of RCC1 Regulates Mitosis, Tumorigenicity, and Radiation Response of Glioblastoma Stem Cells

    The authors report that protein arginine methyltransferase (PRMT) 6 activity was required for the proliferation, stem-like properties, and tumorigenicity of glioblastoma stem cells, a subpopulation in glioblastoma critical for malignancy.
    [Molecular Cell]

    AbstractGraphical Abstract

    Immunomodulatory Layered Double Hydroxide Nanoparticles Enable Neurogenesis by Targeting Transforming Growth Factor-β Receptor 2

    Layered double hydroxide achieved significant performance in accelerating neural stem cell migration, neural differentiation, L-Ca22+ channel activation, and inducible action potential generation.
    [ACS Nano]

    AbstractGraphical Abstract

    Regulation of Tumor Immune Suppression and Cancer Cell Survival by CXCL1/2 Elevation in Glioblastoma Multiforme

    Scientists showed that elevation of CXCL1 or CXCL2 facilitated myeloid cell migration and simultaneously disrupted CD8+ T cell accumulation at tumor sites, causing accelerated tumor progression.
    [Science Advances]

    Abstract

    Human Physiomimetic Model Integrating Microphysiological Systems of the Gut, Liver, and Brain for Studies of Neurodegenerative Diseases

    investigators developed a mesofluidic platform technology to study gut-liver-cerebral interactions in the context of Parkinson’s disease.
    [Science Advances]

    Full ArticlePress Release

    LPA Signaling Acts as a Cell-Extrinsic Mechanism to Initiate Cilia Disassembly and Promote Neurogenesis

    The authors showed that lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), a multifunctional bioactive phospholipid, acted as a physiological extracellular factor to initiate cilia disassembly and promote neurogenesis.
    [Nature Communications]

    Full Article

    Single-Cell Transcriptomic Reveals Molecular Diversity and Developmental Heterogeneity of Human Stem Cell-Derived Oligodendrocyte Lineage Cells

    Investigators describe a time-course single-cell-transcriptomic analysis of developing human stem cell-derived oligodendrocyte-lineage-cells.
    [Nature Communications]

    Full Article

    Single-Cell Atlas of Developing Murine Adrenal Gland Reveals Relation of Schwann Cell Precursor Signature to Neuroblastoma Phenotype

    Researchers provided an insight into the developing adrenal gland and introduced the Schwann cell precursor gene signature as being of interest for further research in understanding neuroblastoma phenotype.
    [Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America]

    Full Article

    Developmental Synaptic Regulator, TWEAK/Fn14 Signaling, Is a Determinant of Synaptic Function in Models of Stroke and Neurodegeneration

    By combining electrophysiological and phosphoproteomic approaches, scientists showed that TWEAK acutely dampened basal synaptic transmission and plasticity through neuronal Fn14 and impacted the phosphorylation state of pre-and postsynaptic proteins in adult mouse hippocampal slices.
    [Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America]

    Abstract

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    REVIEWS

    Sodium Channelopathies in Neurodevelopmental Disorders

    The authors summarize a large body of work using global and conditional mouse mutants to characterize the in vivo roles of sodium channels. They provide an overview of the neurological disorders associated with mutations of the human genes and examples of the effects of patient mutations on channel function.
    [Nature Reviews Neuroscience]

    Abstract

    RNA Transport and Local Translation in Neurodevelopmental and Neurodegenerative Disease

    Investigators deconstruct the RNA transport apparatus, exploring each constituent’s role in RNA localization and illuminating their unique contributions to neurodegeneration.
    [Nature Neuroscience]

    Abstract

    INDUSTRY AND POLICY NEWS

    Sio Gene Therapies Announces First Patient Dosed in Clinical Trial of AXO-AAV-GM2 in Patients with Tay-Sachs and Sandhoff Disease (GM2 Gangliosidosis)

    Sio Gene Therapies, Inc. announced that the first patient with infantile Tay-Sachs disease has been dosed in a Phase I/II trial evaluating AXO-AAV-GM2, investigational gene therapy for the treatment of GM2 gangliosidosis, also known as Tay-Sachs or Sandhoff disease.
    [Sio Gene Therapies, Inc.]

    Press Release

    FEATURED EVENT

    Neuropsychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Disorders: Harnessing Rare Variants

    February 11, 2021
    Virtual

    > See All Events

    JOB OPPORTUNITIES

    Faculty Position – Pediatric Neurological Disease Research

    St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital – Memphis, Tennessee, United States

    Group Leader Position – Neuroscience

    Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association – Berlin, Germany

    Postdoctoral Associate – Neuroscience and Artificial Intelligence

    Baylor College of Medicine -Houston, Texas, United States

    Postdoctoral Position – Neuron Subtypes during Motivated Behavior

    Karolinska Institutet – Solna, Sweden

    Postdoctoral Position – Neuroscience

    Karolinska Institutet – Solna, Sweden

    > See All Jobs

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