Neural Cell News Volume 15.21 | Jun 2 2021

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    2021-06-02 | NCN 15.21


    Neural Cell News by STEMCELL Technologies
    Vol. 15.21 – 2 June, 2021
    TOP STORY

    Highly Selective Brain-to-Gut Communication via Genetically Defined Vagus Neurons

    By performing unbiased transcriptional profiling of DMV cholinergic neurons, the authors discovered seven molecularly distinct subtypes of motor neurons.
    [Neuron]

    AbstractGraphical Abstract

    Neurodegenerative Diseases: Genes, Mechanisms and Therapeutics
    PUBLICATIONSRanked by the impact factor of the journal

    Lithium Increases Mitochondrial Respiration in iPSC-Derived Neural Precursor Cells from Lithium Responders

    Researchers investigated the molecular effects of lithium (Li), valproate, and lamotrigine treatment in induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived neural precursor cells generated from three healthy controls, three affective disorder Li responsive patients and three Li non-treated patients after six hours and one week of exposure.
    [Molecular Psychiatry]

    Full Article

    Co-Development of Central and Peripheral Neurons with Trunk Mesendoderm in Human Elongating Multi-Lineage Organized Gastruloids

    Investigators evaluated elongating multi-lineage organized over a 40 day period, applying immunofluorescence of multi-lineage and functional biomarkers, including day 16 single-cell RNA-Seq, and evaluation of ectodermal and non-ectodermal neural crest cells.
    [Nature Communications]

    Full Article

    Prohibitin 1 Is Essential to Preserve Mitochondria and Myelin Integrity in Schwann Cells

    Scientists showed that deletion of prohibitin 1 in Schwann cells minimally perturbed development, but later triggered a severe demyelinating peripheral neuropathy.
    [Nature Communications]

    Full Article

    Cross-Platform Validation of Neurotransmitter Release Impairments in Schizophrenia Patient-Derived NRXN1-Mutant Neurons

    Researchers described a multicenter effort to test the generality of the pivotal observation, using independent analyses at two laboratories of patient-derived and newly engineered human neurons with heterozygous NRXN1 deletions.
    [Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America]

    Abstract

    WNT5A Inhibition Alters the Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor Microenvironment and Enhances Tumor Growth

    The authors compared gene expression of growth factors in normal human nerves to malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNST) and normal human Schwann cells to MPNST cell lines.
    [Oncogene]

    Abstract

    HTR1A Antagonist Enhances GnRH Transcription via PRC1 Complex Degradation and H2AK119ub Loss Driven by Reduced CBX4 Expression through PI3K/Akt Pathway Suppression in GnRH Neurons for Pubertal Initiation Control

    The upregulated gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) expression in GT1-7 GnRH neuronal cells induced by the 5-HT receptor 1A (HTR1A) antagonist WAY-100635 maleate was observed in vitro.
    [Molecular Therapy-Nucleic Acids]

    AbstractFull ArticleGraphical Abstract

    Identification of Bioactive Metabolites in Human iPSC-Derived Dopaminergic Neurons with PARK2 Mutation: Altered Mitochondrial and Energy Metabolism

    Scientists used isogenic human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) with and without PARK2 knockout to investigate the effect of parkin loss of function by comparative metabolomics supplemented with ultrastructural and functional analyses.
    [Stem Cell Reports]

    Full ArticleGraphical Abstract

    Elevated GIGYF2 Expression Suppresses Tumor Migration and Enhances Sensitivity to Temozolomide in Malignant Glioma

    Investigators found that elevation of GIGYF2 expression impaired cell migration and enhanced temozolomide sensitivity of human glioma cells.
    [Cancer Gene Therapy]

    Abstract

    Modular Network Mechanism of CCN1-Associated Resistance to HSV-1-Derived Oncolytic Immunovirotherapies for Glioblastomas

    The authors aimed to understand how extracellular cellular communication network factor 1 altered the glioblastomas intracellular state to confer oncolytic virus resistance.
    [Scientific Reports]

    Full Article

    A Selective Cytotoxic Adenovirus Vector for Concentration of Pluripotent Stem Cells in Human Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Neural Progenitor Cells

    Researchers investigated whether a generation of adenovirus vectors that possessed a suicide gene allowed for detection of undifferentiated human pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) in preparations of human iPSC-derived neural progenitor cells.
    [Scientific Reports]

    Full Article

    Explore scientific events this June with the Science Events Calendar.
    REVIEWS

    Astrocytes in Multiple Sclerosis—Essential Constituents with Diverse Multifaceted Functions

    The authors summarize the various roles of astrocytes in recruiting immune cells to lesion sites, engendering the inflammatory loop, and inflicting tissue damage.
    [International Journal of Molecular Sciences]

    Full Article

    Tumor Suppressive Effects of miR-124 and Its Function in Neuronal Development

    Investigators summarize the anti-tumor effects of miR-124. They then discuss the functions of miR-124 with that of its original role in neurons.
    [International Journal of Molecular Sciences]

    Full Article

    INDUSTRY AND POLICY NEWS

    Brain Cancer Canada Funds Groundbreaking Glioblastoma Treatment Research

    Brain Cancer Canada turned awareness into action by emphatically supporting groundbreaking research into brain cancer treatment. The charity has made $100,000 available to Dr. Sheila Singh and her research group at McMaster University to target recurrent glioblastomas with generous support from sponsors.
    [Brain Cancer Canada]

    Press

    FEATURED EVENT

    Cancer Discovery Symposium

    June 21 – 22, 2021
    Virtual

    > See All Events

    JOB OPPORTUNITIES

    Postdoctoral Fellow – Neuroscience

    Burke Medical Research Institute – White Plains, New York, United States

    Postdoctoral Position – Environmental Chemicals in Neurodegenerative Disease Using Human Stem Cell Models

    Western University of Health Sciences – Lebanon, Oregon, United States

    Director – The Roslin Institute

    The University of Edinburgh – Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom

    Group Leader – Cellular Neuroscience

    Ulm University – Ulm, Germany

    Postdoctoral Fellow – Neuroscience

    Icahn School of Medicine – Mount Sinai, New York, United States

    > See All Jobs

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