Neural Cell News Volume 15.47 | Dec 1 2021

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    2021-12-01 | NCN 15.47


    Neural Cell News by STEMCELL Technologies
    Vol. 15.47 – 1 December, 2021
    TOP STORY

    Ligands Binding to the Prion Protein Induce Its Proteolytic Release with Therapeutic Potential in Neurodegenerative Proteinopathies

    Shed PrP negatively correlated with prion conversion and was markedly redistributed in murine brain in the presence of prion deposits or amyloid plaques, indicating a sequestrating activity.
    [Science Advances]

    Full Article

    Learn about retinal cell therapy using hESCs by watching Dr. Peter Coffey's webinar from the Nature Research Round Table on hPSC Quality
    PUBLICATIONSRanked by the impact factor of the journal

    Axonal TDP-43 Condensates Drive Neuromuscular Junction Disruption through Inhibition of Local Synthesis of Nuclear Encoded Mitochondrial Proteins

    The authors showed TDP-43 accumulation in intra-muscular nerves from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients and in axons of human iPSC-derived motor neurons of ALS patients, as well as in motor neurons and neuromuscular junctions of a TDP-43 mislocalization mouse model.
    [Nature Communications]

    Full Article

    Anlotinib Induces a T Cell-Inflamed Tumor Microenvironment by Facilitating Vessel Normalization and Enhances the Efficacy of PD1 Checkpoint Blockade in Neuroblastoma

    Researchers proved that anlotinib facilitated tumor vessel normalization at least partially through CD4+ T cells, reprogrammed the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) into an immunostimulatory TME, significantly inhibited tumor growth and effectively prevented systemic immunosuppression.
    [Clinical Cancer Research]

    Abstract

    Altered H3 Histone Acetylation Impairs High-Fidelity DNA Repair to Promote Cerebellar Degeneration in Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 7

    Scientists performed chromatic immunoprecipitation sequencing ChIP-seq on cerebellum from spinocerebellar ataxia type 7 mice and observed increased H3K9-promoter acetylation in DNA repair genes, resulting in increased expression.
    [Cell Reports]

    Full ArticleGraphical Abstract

    Altered Temporal Sequence of Transcriptional Regulators in the Generation of Human Cerebellar Granule Cells

    Investigators reported a rapid protocol for the derivation of the human ATOH1 lineage, the precursor of excitatory cerebellar neurons, from human pluripotent stem cells.
    [eLife]

    Abstract

    Implications of miR-148a-3p/p35/PTEN Signaling in Tau Hyperphosphorylation and Autoregulatory Feed-Forward of Akt/CREB in Alzheimer’s Disease

    RNA sequencing, qRT-PCR, and Western blot analysis were used to identify the aberrant expression and signaling of miR-148a-3p within cells, mice, and patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Researchers implicated the miR-148a-3p/p35/PTEN pathway as an essential contributor to tau hyperphosphorylation.
    [Molecular Therapy-Nucleic Acids]

    AbstractFull ArticleGraphical Abstract

    Transcriptome Analysis in LRRK2 and Idiopathic Parkinson’s Disease at Different Glucose Levels

    To detect potential effects of different glucose levels on gene expression, the authors analyzed the transcriptome of dermal fibroblasts from idiopathic Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients, LRRK2-associated PD patients, and healthy controls, cultured at two different glucose concentrations.
    [npj Parkinson’s Disease]

    Full Article

    Circ-Hdgfrp3 Shuttles along Neurites and Is Trapped in Aggregates Formed by ALS-Associated Mutant FUS

    Investigators defined several features of circ-Hdgfrp3 and described interesting alterations occurring in motor neurons carrying amyotrophic lateral sclerosis-associated FUS mutations.
    [iScience]

    AbstractFull ArticleGraphical Abstract

    AMPylation Profiling during Neuronal Differentiation Reveals Extensive Variation on Lysosomal Proteins

    Through a combination of chemical proteomics, gel-based separation of modified and unmodified proteins and an activity assay, scientists determined that the modified, lysosomal soluble form of exonuclease PLD3 increased dramatically during neuronal maturation and that AMPylation correlated with its catalytic activity.
    [iScience]

    AbstractFull ArticleGraphical Abstract

    Traumatic Brain Injury in the Presence of Aβ Pathology Affects Neuronal Survival, Glial Activation and Autophagy

    The authors investigated cellular injury-induced processes in the presence of amyloid β (Aβ) pathology and exposed a co-culture system of cortical stem-cell derived astrocytes, neurons and oligodendrocytes to Aβ42 protofibrils prior to a mechanically induced scratch injury.
    [Scientific Reports]

    Full Article

    Phosphatidylcholine Restores Neuronal Plasticity of Neural Stem Cells under Inflammatory Stress

    Researchers demonstrated that phosphatidylcholine-enriched media enhanced neuronal differentiation even under inflammatory stress by modifying the commitment of post-mitotic cells. They also provided evidence that this phospholipid ameliorated the damage of neurons and modulated neuronal plasticity.
    [Scientific Reports]

    Full Article

    Learn about Parkinson's Disease therapy with hESCs by watching Dr. Malin Parmar's webinar from the Nature Research Round Table on hPSC Quality
    REVIEWS

    Cortical Interneurons in Autism

    The authors evaluate and interpret growing evidence that inhibitory interneurons (INs) play an important role in the neural basis of autism, focusing on recent findings showing reduced density and activity of the parvalbumin class of INs.
    [Nature Neuroscience]

    Abstract

    Chemogenetics as a Neuromodulatory Approach to Treating Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Disorders

    Chemogenetics is poised to support novel interventions against neuropsychiatric diseases and disorders. To evaluate its translational potential, scientists perform a scoping review of applications of chemogenetics that led to the reversal of molecular and behavioral deficits in studies relevant to neuropsychiatric diseases.
    [Molecular Therapy]

    AbstractGraphical Abstract

    Current Progress of Rehabilitative Strategies in Stem Cell Therapy for Spinal Cord Injury: A Review

    Investigators summarize the features of rehabilitation, describe the mechanism of combinatorial treatment, and discuss regenerative rehabilitation in the context of spinal cord injury.
    [NPJ Regenerative Medicine]

    Full Article
    INDUSTRY AND POLICY NEWS

    Lixte Biotechnology Holdings, Inc. Announces That Enrollment Has Resumed in National Cancer Institute’s Trial to Determine Ability of Lixte Compound Lb-100 to Enter Recurrent, Malignant Brain Tumors

    Lixte Biotechnology Holdings, Inc. announced that the National Cancer Institute has resumed enrolling patients into their pharmacologic study of the ability of Lixte’s lead compound, LB-100, to enter the brain and penetrate recurrent, malignant brain tumors, in patients where surgical removal of their cancer is indicated.
    [Lixte Biotechnology Holdings, Inc.]

    Press Release

    $5.5 Million CIRM Grant to Fund Development of New Cervical Spinal Cord Injury Therapeutic

    Aileen Anderson, director of the University of California Irvine’s Sue & Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center and professor of physical medicine & rehabilitation, has been awarded a 30-month, $5.5 million grant from the California Institute for Regenerative Medicine (CIRM).
    [UCI News]

    Press Release
    FEATURED EVENT

    AACR: Cancer Metastasis

    January 9 – 12, 2022
    Portland, Oregon, United States

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    JOB OPPORTUNITIES

    Professor/Clinical Position – Neuroinflammatory Diseases

    Karolinska Institute – Danderyd, Sweden

    Senior Scientist/Principal Scientist – In Vitro Neuroscience

    Recursion – Salt Lake City, Utah, United States

    Postdoctoral Associate – Pathogenesis of Neurological Disease

    Rutgers University – New Brunswick, New Jersey, United States

    Postdoctoral Fellow – Molecular Mechanisms of ALS

    SickKids Research Institute – Toronto, Ontario, Canada

    Postdoctoral Fellow – Educational Neuroscience

    The University of Hong Kong – Hong Kong, China

    > See All Jobs

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