Neural Cell News Volume 15.48 | Dec 8 2021

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    2021-12-08 | NCN 15.48


    Neural Cell News by STEMCELL Technologies
    Vol. 15.48 – 8 December, 2021
    TOP STORY

    ssDNA Nanotubes for Selective Targeting of Glioblastoma and Delivery of Doxorubicin for Enhanced Survival

    After bilateral brain injections, nanotubes showed preferential retention by tumors compared to normal brain and were taken up by glioblastoma cells through scavenger receptor binding and macropinocytosis.
    [Science Advances]

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    Mesenchymal Type Neuroblastoma Cells Escape ALK Inhibitors

    Neuroblastoma cells can adopt a lineage committed adrenergic (ADRN) or an immature mesenchymal (MES) state. Investigators found that while ADRN cells resembled normal embryonal neuroblasts, MES cells resembled immature precursor cells which also lacked ALK expression.
    [Cancer Research]

    Abstract

    Aberrant Role of Pyruvate Kinase M2 in the Regulation of Gamma-Secretase and Memory Deficits in Alzheimer’s Disease

    From a genome-wide functional screen, scientists identified pyruvate kinase M2 as a gamma-secretase activator that was highly expressed in the brains of both patients and murine models with Alzheimer’s disease.
    [Cell Reports]

    Full ArticleGraphical Abstract

    Downregulating Expression of OPTN Elevates Neuroinflammation via AIM2 Inflammasome- and RIPK1-Activating Mechanisms in APP/PS1 Transgenic Mice

    Neuroinflammation is thought to be a cause of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), which is partly caused by inadequate mitophagy. As a receptor of mitophagy, the authors revealed the regulatory roles of optineurin (OPTN) on neuroinflammation in the pathogenesis of AD.
    [Journal of Neuroinflammation]

    Full Article

    Smurf1 Silencing Restores PTEN Expression That Ameliorates Progression of Human Glioblastoma and Sensitizes Tumor Cells to mTORC1/C2 Inhibitor Torin1

    Researchers investigated Smurf1 expression in various glioblastoma (GB) cell lines and patient tissues and found Smurf1 loss elevated PTEN levels that interrupted the epidermal growth factor receptor pathway activity.
    [iScience]

    AbstractGraphical Abstract

    Neuroprotective and Anxiolytic Potential of Green Rooibos (Aspalathus linearis) Polyphenolic Extract

    Scientists investigated the cytoprotective activity of green rooibos in neuronal cells, including probing antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory properties that could explain observed effects in these cells and also investigated the anxiolytic potential of green rooibos using zebrafish larval models.
    [Food & Function]

    AbstractGraphical Abstract

    MiRNA-132/212 Regulates Tight Junction Stabilization in Blood–Brain Barrier after Stroke

    The co-culture of endothelial cells with cAMP response element-binding protein-regulated transcription coactivator-1 (CRTC1)-deficient neurons aggravated the cell vulnerability to hypoxia, also supporting the idea that miRNA-132/212 cluster was regulated by CRTC1 and acted as a crucial role in the mitigation of ischemic damage.
    [Cell Death Discovery]

    Full Article

    Identification of an Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition-Related lncRNA Prognostic Signature for Patients with Glioblastoma

    LncRNAs play critical roles in the tumorigenesis of glioblastoma (GBM) through regulation of various cancer-related genes and signaling pathways. Researchers focused on the essential role of EMT and identified 78 upregulated EMT-related genes in GBM through differential expression analysis.
    [Scientific Reports]

    Full Article

    The Novel BET Inhibitor UM-002 Reduces Glioblastoma Cell Proliferation and Invasion

    Scientists generated UM-002, a novel brain penetrant bromodomain and extraterminal domain (BET) inhibitor that reduced glioblastoma cell proliferation in vitro and in a human cerebral brain organoid model.
    [Scientific Reports]

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    REVIEWS

    The iPSC Perspective on Schizophrenia

    The authors highlight reproducible findings and emerging trends in recent schizophrenia-related induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) studies and illuminate the relevance of the results in the context of human brain development.
    [Trends in Neurosciences]

    Full Article

    Unlucky Punches: The Vulnerability-Stress Model for the Development of Impulse Control Disorders in Parkinson’s Disease

    Scientists review current evidence for a vulnerability-stress model in which a relative reduction of dopaminergic projections to the ventral striatum and concomitant sensitization of postsynaptic neurons represent a predisposing (hypodopaminergic) vulnerability.
    [npj Parkinson’s Disease]

    Full Article

    Regulation of Common Neurological Disorders by Gut Microbial Metabolites

    Investigators review recent progress in research on the microbial regulation of central nervous system diseases with a focus on major gut microbial metabolites, such as short-chain fatty acids, tryptophan metabolites, and secondary bile acids.
    [Experimental & Molecular Medicine]

    Full Article
    INDUSTRY AND POLICY NEWS

    Ketamine One Partners with Cognetivity Neurosciences in Collaborative Clinical Study on Depression and PTSD

    KetamineOne Capital Limited announced that it is entering into a collaborative partnership with Cognetivity Neurosciences Ltd. to study and develop assessments for depression and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).
    [KetamineOne Capital Limited]

    Press Release

    NOXXON Announces Enrollment of First Patient in the Expansion of the NOX-A12 Phase I/II Trial in Brain Cancer

    NOXXON Pharma N.V. announced that the first patient was enrolled in an expansion arm of the GLORIA clinical trial of NOX-A12 in MGMT unmethylated brain cancer.
    [NOXXON Pharma N.V.]

    Press Release
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