Neural Cell News Volume 16.13 | Apr 6 2022

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    2022-04-06 | NCN 16.13


    Neural Cell News by STEMCELL Technologies
    Vol. 16.13 – 6 April, 2022
    TOP STORY

    Altered Adult Neurogenesis and Gliogenesis in Patients with Mesial Temporal Lobe Epilepsy

    Scientists found that a longer duration of epilepsy was associated with a sharp decline in neuronal production and persistent numbers in astrogenesis.
    [Nature Neuroscience]

    AbstractPress Release
    STEMCELL's Neural Crest Differentiation Kit enables high-purity generation of neural crest precursors from human pluripotent stem cells.
    PUBLICATIONSRanked by the impact factor of the journal

    Single-Neuron Projectome of Mouse Prefrontal Cortex

    Using single-neuron reconstruction of 6,357 mouse prefrontal cortex (PFC) projection neurons, investigators identified 64 projectome-defined subtypes. Each of four previously known major cortico-cortical subnetworks was targeted by a distinct group of PFC subtypes defined by their first-order axon collaterals.
    [Nature Neuroscience]

    AbstractPress Release

    Astrocytes and Oligodendrocytes Undergo Subtype-Specific Transcriptional Changes in Alzheimer’s Disease

    To improve understanding of transcriptomic heterogeneity in glia during Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the authors used single-nuclei RNA sequencing to characterize astrocytes and oligodendrocytes from apolipoprotein Ɛ2/3 human AD and age- and genotype-matched non-symptomatic brains.
    [Neuron]

    Abstract

    Deubiquitinase CYLD Acts as a Negative Regulator of Dopamine Neuron Survival in Parkinson’s Disease

    Researchers identified cylindromatosis (CYLD) as a negative regulator of dopamine neuron survival, and inhibition of CYLD could potentially be beneficial in Parkinson’s disease by lowering PARIS levels and promoting mitochondrial biogenesis.
    [Science Advances]

    Full Article

    Astrocytes Derived from ASD Individuals Alter Behavior and Destabilize Neuronal Activity through Aberrant Ca2+ Signaling

    Scientists combined stem cell culturing with transplantation techniques to determine disease-specific properties inherent to autism spectrum disorder astrocytes.
    [Molecular Psychiatry]

    Full Article

    CHD8 Haploinsufficiency Links Autism to Transient Alterations in Excitatory and Inhibitory Trajectories

    Employing human cerebral organoids, the authors found that chromodomain helicase DNA-binding 8 (CHD8) haploinsufficiency disrupted neurodevelopmental trajectories with an accelerated and delayed generation of, respectively, inhibitory and excitatory neurons.
    [Cell Reports]

    Full ArticlePress ReleaseGraphical Abstract

    Class I HDAC Overexpression Promotes Temozolomide Resistance in Glioma Cells by Regulating RAD18 Expression

    Researchers reported on the novel mechanism whereby overexpressed class I histone deacetylases (HDACs) increase the resistance of glioblastoma cells to the SN1 methylating agent temozolomide.
    [Cell Death & Disease]

    Full Article

    Cell Environment Shapes TDP-43 Function with Implications in Neuronal and Muscle Disease

    Using RNA-seq, investigators directly compared TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43)-mediated RNA processing in muscle and neuronal mouse cells.
    [Communications Biology]

    Full Article

    CircTCF25 Serves as a Sponge for MiR-206 to Support Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion of Glioma via the Jak2/P-Stat3/CypB Axis

    RNA TCF25 (circTCF25) was predominantly located in the cytoplasm; the combination of microRNA-206 and circTCF25 reversed the effects of knockdown of circTCF25 on the proliferation, migration, invasion, and tumorigenesis of glioma cells.
    [Molecular Carcinogenesis]

    Abstract

    3D Patient-Derived Tumor Models to Recapitulate Pediatric Brain Tumors In Vitro

    Scientists adapted a previously established brain tissue model to fresh patient tumor cells with the goal of establishing 3D in vitro culture conditions for each tumor type.
    [Translational Oncology]

    Full Article
    Virtual Conference Exhibition: Organoids
    REVIEWS

    Control of Complex Behavior by Astrocytes and Microglia

    The authors summarize current knowledge on the impact of astrocyte and microglia activity on behavioral outcomes, with a specific focus on brain areas relevant to higher cognitive control, reward-seeking, and circadian regulation.
    [Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews]

    Abstract

    Novel Approaches to Increase Synaptic Resilience as Potential Treatments for Alzheimer’s Disease

    Investigators describe recent approaches that specifically increase synaptic resilience, as loss of synapses is considered to be the first change in the brains of Alzheimer’s patients.
    [Seminars in Cell & Developmental Biology]

    Abstract
    INDUSTRY AND POLICY NEWS

    Takeda and the New York Academy of Sciences Announce 2022 Innovators in Science Award Winners

    Takeda and the New York Academy of Sciences announced the winners of the fourth Innovators in Science Award for their excellence in, and commitment to, innovative science that has significantly advanced the field of research in gastroenterology.
    [Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited]

    Press Release

    Canadian Prospective Cohort Study to Understand Progression in Multiple Sclerosis Awarded Nearly $1.35 Million to Investigate the Impact of Pediatric-Onset MS Into Adulthood

    The MS Society of Canada announced a nearly $1.35 million investment from Biogen Canada Inc., Hoffmann-La Roche Limited, and Brain Canada Foundation towards a new sub-cohort of the Canadian Prospective Cohort Study to Understand Progression in MS.
    [Multiple Sclerosis Society of Canada]

    Press Release
    FEATURED EVENT

    13th Online Dutch Stem Cell Meeting

    April 16, 2022
    Virtual

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    JOB OPPORTUNITIES

    Postdoctoral Position – Neurology

    University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine – Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States

    Postdoctoral Fellow – Retinal Neurodegeneration

    University of British Columbia – Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada

    Postdoctoral Researcher – Computational Neuroscience

    RIKEN Center for Brain Science – Tokyo, Japan

    Science Communication Expert – Neuroscience

    Flanders Institute for Biotechnology – Ghent, Belgium

    Director – Neurodegenerative Disorders

    Indiana University School of Medicine – Indianapolis, Indiana, United States

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