Neural Cell News Volume 7.42 | Oct 23 2013

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    Neural Cell News 7.42 October 23, 2013

    Neural Cell News

         In this issue: Publications | Reviews | Science News | Industry News | Policy News | Events | Jobs
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    TOP STORY
    RNA Toxicity from the ALS/Frontotemporal Dementia C9ORF72 Expansion Is Mitigated by Antisense Intervention
    Induced pluripotent stem cell-differentiated neurons from C9ORF72 amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients revealed disease-specific intranuclear GGGGCCexp RNA foci, dysregulated gene expression, sequestration of GGGGCCexp RNA binding protein ADARB2, and susceptibility to excitotoxicity. [Neuron]
    Full Article | Press Release
    STEMdiff™ Neural System: Serum-Free Workflow for NPC Generation, Isolation, Expansion and Cryopreservation. Learn More!

     
    PUBLICATIONS (Ranked by impact factor of the journal)
    PTP1B Is an Effector of Activin Signaling and Regulates Neural Specification of Embryonic Stem Cells
    Researchers report a role for protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) in Activin-mediated early fate decisions during ESC differentiation and show that PTP1B acts as an effector of the Activin pathway to specify mesendodermal or neural fate. [Cell Stem Cell] Abstract | Graphical Abstract

    BECN1/Beclin1 Is Recruited into Lipid Rafts by Prion to Activate Autophagy in Response to Amyloid β 42
    Scientists showed that prion protein mediates amyloid β1-42 (Aβ42)-induced autophagy activation through its interaction with BECN1. Treatment with Aβ42 enhanced autophagy flux in neuronal cells. [Autophagy] Abstract

    Neuroprotective Sirtuin Ratio Reversed by ApoE4
    Scientists showed that, although both apolipoprotein E ε4 allele-3 (ApoE3) and ApoE4 associate with amyloid precursor protein (APP) with nanomolar affinities, only ApoE4 significantly reduces the ratio of soluble amyloid precursor protein alpha to Aβ, reduces Sirtuin T1 (SirT1) expression, resulting in markedly differing ratios of neuroprotective SirT1 to neurotoxic SirT2, triggers Tau phosphorylation and APP phosphorylation and induces programmed cell death. [Proc Natl Acad Sci USA] Abstract | Press Release

    Neuronal Activity Regulates Astrocytic Nrf2 Signaling
    Researchers report that activity of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway in the brain is fine-tuned through a regulatory loop between neurons and astrocytes: elevated neuronal activity leads to secretion of glutamate and other soluble factors, which activate the astrocytic Nrf2 pathway through a signaling cascade that involves group I metabotropic glutamate receptors and intracellular Ca2+. [Proc Natl Acad Sci USA] Abstract | Press Release

    Silencing of the miR-17~92 Cluster Family Inhibits Medulloblastoma Progression
    Scientists assessed the therapeutic potential of 8-mer seed-targeting LNA-modified antimiR oligonucleotides, termed tiny LNAs, that inhibit microRNA seed families expressed by miR-17~92 and miR-106b~25 in two mouse models of Sonic Hedgehog medulloblastoma. [Cancer Res] Abstract

    Generation of Highly Purified Neural Stem Cells from Human Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells by Sox1 Activation
    Investigators established a three-step neural stem cell (NSC) inducing protocol, in which human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells were induced to generate NSCs with high purity after being sequentially cultured in pre-inducing medium, N2B27 medium and N2B27 medium supplement with bFGF and EGF. [Stem Cell Dev] Abstract

    NOTCH3 Is a Prognostic Factor That Promotes Glioma Cell Proliferation, Migration and Invasion via Activation of CCND1 and EGFR
    NOTCH receptors (NOTCH1-4) are key positive regulators of cell-cell interactions, angiogenesis, cell adhesion and stem cell niche development which have been shown to play critical roles in several human cancers. Scientists aimed to determine the molecular roles of NOTCH3 in glioma pathogenesis and aggressiveness. [PLoS One] Full Article

    1H NMR Detects Different Metabolic Profiles in Glioblastoma Stem-Like Cells
    Spectra of two glioblastoma stem-like cell lines, labeled 1 and 83, from tumors close to the subventricular zone of the temporal lobe were studied in detail and compared with those of neural stem/progenitor cells from the adult olfactory bulb and of the T98G glioblastoma cell line. [NMR Biomed] Abstract

    The Beneficial Effect of Encapsulated Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells in Alginate Hydrogel on Neural Differentiation
    Investigators evaluated the effect of alginate hydrogel on the viability and neural differentiation potential of induced human adipose-derived stem cells. [J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater] Abstract

    mTORC1 Targets the Translational Repressor 4E-BP2, but Not S6 Kinase 1/2, to Regulate Neural Stem Cell Self-Renewal In Vivo
    Researchers found that genetically decreasing mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) activity in neonatal neural stem cells prevented their differentiation, resulting in reduced lineage expansion and aborted neuron production. [Cell Rep] Full Article | Graphical Abstract | Press Release

    NPCs from hPSCs in 6 Days: a monolayer culture method for neural induction of hPSCs

     
    REVIEWS
    Role of the PTEN Signaling Pathway in Autism Spectrum Disorder
    Researchers focused on the essential role of the PTEN signaling pathway in neuronal differentiation and the formation of neural circuitry, as well as genetic mouse models with Pten manipulations. [Neurosci Bulletin] Abstract

    Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the neuroscience field.

     
    SCIENCE NEWS
    StemCells, Inc. Announces Results of Long-Term Follow-Up Study in Batten Disease
    StemCells, Inc. announced the results of a four-year observation study in patients with neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis, also referred to as Batten disease, who had been transplanted with the Company’s proprietary HuCNS-SC® cells (purified human neural stem cells) in the initial Phase I study. Key results include long-term evidence of safety, up to five years post transplantation, for the surgical transplantation of the HuCNS-SC cells into multiple sites in the brain and at doses of up to one billion cells. [Press release from StemCells, Inc. discussing research presented at the Congress of Neurological Surgeons Annual Meeting, San Francisco] Press Release

    International Stem Cell Corporation Announces New Data from Parkinson’s Disease Program
    Results showed that neural stem cells migrate a significant distance from the site of implantation in the striatum to the substantia nigra where the loss of dopaminergic neurons primarily occurs in Parkinson’s patients. [Press release from International Stem Cell Corporation discussing research presented at the American Neurological Association’s 2013 Annual Meeting, New Orleans] Press Release

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    INDUSTRY NEWS
    Neuroscientist Winrich Freiwald Awarded New York Stem Cell Foundation Grant
    Winrich Freiwald, assistant professor and head of the Laboratory of Neural Systems at The Rockefeller University, has been named a Robertson Investigator by the New York Stem Cell Foundation. He is one of seven scientists who will receive $1.5 million over the next five years to expand their laboratories and train other scientists. [The Rockefeller University] Press Release

    Einstein and Montefiore Receive $25 Million NIH Grant to Support Clinical and Translational Research
    Albert Einstein College of Medicine of Yeshiva University and Montefiore Medical Center have received a $25 million grant from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) for the Harold and Muriel Block Institute for Clinical and Translational Research at Einstein and Montefiore. The two institutions received their initial Clinical and Translational Science Award from the NIH in 2008 to launch this joint collaboration. [Albert Einstein College of Medicine] Press Release

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    POLICY NEWS
    National Institutes of Health (United States)

    Food and Drug Administration (United States)

    Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (United States)

    European Medicines Agency (European Union)

    Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (United Kingdom)

    Therapeutic Goods Administration (Australia)

     
    EVENTS
    NEW Cell Therapies for Parkinson’s Disease Webinar
    November 14, 2013 10:00 AM (PST)
    Webinar

    NEW Joint Meeting of the British Societies for Cell and Developmental Biology
    March 16-19, 2014
    Coventry, United Kingdom

    Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the neural cell community.

     
    JOB OPPORTUNITIES
    NEW Postdoctoral Position – Regenerative Neurology (University of Edinburgh)

    Postdoctoral Fellow – Neuroscience (Harvard Medical School)

    Postdoctoral Fellow Position – Neuroscience (Johns Hopkins University)

    Manufacturing Manager (StemCells Inc.)

    Postdoctoral Fellow – Brain Cancer (Vanderbilt University Medical Center)

    PhD Studentship – Neuroscience (Tübingen University)

    Postdoctoral Fellowship – Neural Stem Cells (University of Wisconsin – Madison)

    Postdoctoral Position – Glia and Neural Stem/Progenitor Cell Interactions (University of Kentucky College)

    Tenure-Track Faculty Position – Neuroscience (University of Utah)

    Scientist – Particle Chemistry (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

    Research Technologist – Human Pluripotent Stem Cell Products (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

    Research Associate/Scientist – Antibodies Group (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

    Research Associate – Particle Chemistry (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)


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