Synapsin III Acts Downstream of Semaphorin 3A/CDK5 Signaling to Regulate Radial Migration and Orientation of Pyramidal Neurons In Vivo Researchers demonstrated that in vivo downregulation of synapsin III (SynIII) expression affects neuronal migration and orientation. By contrast, SynIII overexpression affects neuronal migration, but not orientation. [Cell Rep] Full Article | Graphical Abstract Casein Kinase 1δ Is an APC/CCdh1 Substrate that Regulates Cerebellar Granule Cell Neurogenesis Using mouse cerebellar granule cell progenitors (GCPs) as a model for brain neurogenesis, scientists demonstrated that the loss of casein kinase 1δ or treatment of GCPs with a highly selective small molecule inhibits GCP expansion. [Cell Rep] Full Article | Graphical Abstract Alzheimer’s Disease-Related Amyloid-β Induces Synaptotoxicity in Human iPS Cell-Derived Neurons Scientists established highly reproducible, human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cortical cultures as a cellular model to study the synaptotoxic effects of amyloid-β. They developed a highly efficient immunopurification procedure yielding immature neurons that express markers of deep layer cortical pyramidal neurons and GABAergic interneurons. [Cell Death Dis] Full Article Deubiquitinating Enzymes Regulate Hes1 Stability and Neuronal Differentiation Knockdown of ubiquitin-specific protease 22 shortened the half-life of hairy and enhancer of split 1 (Hes1), delayed its oscillation, and enhanced neuronal differentiation in mouse developing brain, whereas miss-expression of ubiquitin-specific protease 27x reduced neuronal differentiation. [FEBS J] Abstract | Full Article Sensitivity of Neuroprogenitor Cells to Chemical-Induced Apoptosis Using a Multiplexed Assay Suitable for High-Throughput Screening Investigators examined the utility of a high-throughput assay to detect chemical-induced apoptosis in mouse or human neuroprogenitor cells, as well as differentiated human neurons derived from induced pluripotent stem cells. [Toxicology] Abstract SOX7 Interferes with β-Catenin Activity to Promote Neuronal Apoptosis The authors investigated the expression pattern and role of SOX7 in potassium deprivation-induced neuronal apoptosis. They showed that both mRNA and protein levels of SOX7 were up-regulated when potassium was deprived. [Eur J Neurosci] Abstract Properties of Neurons Derived from Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells of Gaucher Disease Type 2 Patient Fibroblasts: Potential Role in Neuropathology To understand the pathogenesis of the neuronopathic Gaucher disease (GD), induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) were generated from fibroblasts isolated from three GD type 2 and two unaffected individuals. The iPSCs were converted to neural precursor cells which were further differentiated into neurons. [PLoS One] Full Article Mitochondrial Alterations by PARKIN in Dopaminergic Neurons Using PARK2 Patient-Specific and PARK2 Knockout Isogenic iPSC Lines The authors used patient-specific and isogenic PARK2-induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) to show that mutations in PARK2 alter neuronal proliferation. The percentage of TH+ neurons was decreased in Parkinson’s disease patient-derived neurons carrying various mutations in PARK2 compared with an age-matched control subject. [Stem Cell Rep] Full Article |