Neural Cell News Volume 9.32 | Aug 26 2015

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    Neural Cell News 9.32 August 26, 2015

    Neural Cell News

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    TOP STORY
    Single-Cell RNA-Seq with Waterfall Reveals Molecular Cascades underlying Adult Neurogenesis
    The authors provide a comprehensive resource of single-cell transcriptomes of adult hippocampal quiescent neural stem cells and their immediate progeny. [Cell Stem Cell] Abstract | Graphical Abstract
    Free Wallchart from Nature Reviews Neuroscience on Modeling Neurological Disease with iPS Cells

     
    PUBLICATIONS (Ranked by impact factor of the journal)
    Skin-Derived Neural Precursors Competitively Generate Functional Myelin in Adult Demyelinated Mice
    The authors performed a side-by-side comparison of CNS-derived and skin-derived neural precursors in culture and following engraftment in murine models of adult spinal cord demyelination. Grafted induced neural precursors exhibited a high capacity for survival, safe integration, migration, and timely differentiation into mature bona fide oligodendrocytes. [J Clin Invest] Full Article

    Genomic DISC1 Disruption in hiPSCs Alters Wnt Signaling and Neural Cell Fate
    Scientists showed that disruption of disrupted in schizophrenia 1 (DISC1) near the site of the translocation results in decreased DISC1 protein levels because of nonsense-mediated decay of long splice variants. This results in an increased level of canonical Wnt signaling in neural progenitor cells and altered expression of fate markers such as Foxg1 and Tbr2. [Cell Rep] Full Article | Graphical Abstract

    Protein Kinase-A Inhibition Is Sufficient to Support Human Neural Stem Cells Self-Renewal
    The authors conducted a phenotypical screening to identify pathways involved in the regulation of human neural stem cell (hNSC) self-renewal. They analyzed 80 small molecules acting as kinase inhibitors and identified compounds of the 5-isoquinolinesulfonamide family, described as Protein Kinase A and Protein Kinase G inhibitors, as candidates to support hNSC self-renewal. [Stem Cells] Abstract

    DOT1L Activity Promotes Proliferation and Protects Cortical Neural Stem Cells from Activation of ATF4-DDIT3-Mediated ER Stress In Vitro
    The authors investigated the function of DOT1L in neural stem cells (NSCs) of the cerebral cortex. The pharmacological inhibition and shRNA-mediated knockdown of DOT1L impaired proliferation and survival of NSCs. [Stem Cells] Abstract

    Glyceraldehyde Caused Alzheimer’s Disease-Like Alterations in Diagnostic Marker Levels in SH-SY5Y Human Neuroblastoma Cells
    SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells were exposed to glyceraldehyde (GA), an inhibitor of glycolysis. GA induced the production of GA-derived advanced glycation end-products and cell apoptosis, glycolytic inhibition, decreases in the medium concentrations of diagnostic markers of Alzheimer’s disease, such as amyloid β 1-42, and increases in tau phosphorylation. [Sci Rep] Full Article

    Neural Stem/Progenitor Cell Properties of Glial Cells in the Adult Mouse Auditory Nerve
    Scientists examined the regenerative potential of the auditory nerve in a mouse model of auditory neuropathy. Following neuronal degeneration, quiescent glial cells converted to an activated state showing a decrease in nuclear chromatin condensation, altered histone deacetylase expression and up-regulation of numerous genes associated with neurogenesis or development. [Sci Rep] Full Article

    Inflammation without Neuronal Death Triggers Striatal Neurogenesis Comparable to Stroke
    Investigators showed that inflammation without corresponding neuronal loss caused by intrastriatal lipopolysaccharide injection leads to striatal neurogenesis in rats comparable to that after a 30 minute middle cerebral artery occlusion, as characterized by striatal DCX + neuroblast recruitment and mature NeuN +/BrdU + neuron formation. [Neurobiol Dis] Abstract

    Protease Omi Cleaving Hax-1 Protein Contributes to OGD/R-Induced Mitochondrial Damage in Neuroblastoma N2a Cells and Cerebral Injury in MCAO Mice
    Researchers investigated the mechanisms underlying the regulation of Hs1-associated protein X-1 (Hax-1) by protease Omi in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. Mouse neuroblastoma N2a cells were subjected to oxygen-glucose deprivation and reoxygenation; cell viability was assessed with MTT assay. [Acta Pharmacol Sin] Full Article

    Neural Stem/Progenitor Cell-Laden Microfibers Promote Transplant Survival in a Mouse Transected Spinal Cord Injury Model
    To obtain functional recovery in a mouse model of complete spinal cord injury, this study uses a novel collagen-based microfiber as a scaffold for engrafted neural stem/progenitor cells (NS/PCs). NS/PCs were seeded inside the novel microfibers, where they maintained their capacity to differentiate and proliferate. [J Neurosci Res] Abstract

    Micro-RNA-30a Regulates Ischemia-Induced Cell Death by Targeting Heat Shock Protein HSPA5 in Primary Cultured Cortical Neurons and Mouse Brain after Stroke
    Investigators explored the involvement of microRNA (miR)-30a in ischemia-induced apoptosis and its possible mechanisms in primary cortical neurons and stroked mouse brain. They demonstrated that miR-30a level is significantly decreased in cortical neurons after one-hour oxygen–glucose deprivation/24-hour reoxygenation. [J Neurosci Res] Abstract

    The MDM2 Small-Molecule Inhibitor RG7388 Leads to Potent Tumor Inhibition in p53 Wild-Type Neuroblastoma
    Scientists determined the efficacy and specificity of a second-generation mouse double minute 2 (MDM2) homolog inhibitor, RG7388, in neuroblastoma cell lines and xenografts and examined its effect on the p53-independent pathway of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha/vascular endothelial growth factor. [Cell Death Discov] Full Article

    Neural Supplements For High-Quality Neural Cell Cultures

     
    REVIEWS
    The TWEAK Receptor Fn14 Is a Potential Cell Surface Portal for Targeted Delivery of Glioblastoma Therapeutics
    Fibroblast growth factor-inducible 14 (Fn14) is the cell surface receptor for the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) family member TNF-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK). The Fn14 gene is normally expressed at low levels in healthy tissues but expression is significantly increased after tissue injury and in many solid tumor types, including glioblastoma. [Oncogene] Abstract

    Lineage, Fate, and Fate Potential of NG2-Glia
    The authors describe recent findings on the fate and fate potential of NG2 cells under physiological and pathological conditions. They discuss age-dependent changes in the fate and fate potential of NG2 cells and possible mechanisms that could be involved in restricting their oligodendrocyte differentiation or fate plasticity. [Brain Res] Abstract

    Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the neural cell research field.

    IBC’s Cell Therapy Bioprocessing & Commercialization meeting

     
    INDUSTRY NEWS
    Lawson and STEMCELL Technologies Announce Partnership for Commercialization of Tools for Parkinson’s Disease Research
    Lawson Health Research Institute (Lawson) and STEMCELL Technologies Inc. announced that they have signed a license agreement giving STEMCELL global exclusive rights to commercialize novel tools for Parkinson’s Disease research. [Lawson Health Research Institute (GlobeNewswire, Inc.)] Press Release

    FDA Grants Orphan Drug Designation for Tocagen’s Toca 511 & Toca FC, an Investigational Immuno-Oncology Treatment for Glioblastoma
    Tocagen Inc. announced that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has granted orphan drug designation to the company’s lead immuno-oncology product candidate, Toca 511 & Toca FC, for the treatment of glioblastoma. [Tocagen Inc.] Press Release

    NW Bio Confirms Phase III Trial of DCVax®-L for GBM Brain Cancer Is Ongoing
    Northwest Biotherapeutics confirmed that its Phase III trial of DCVax®-L for newly diagnosed glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is ongoing and the patients enrolled in the trial are continuing to be treated per the protocol. [Northwest Biotherapeutics, Inc.] Press Release

    $52 Million NIH Grant Advances Clinical and Translational Research at UC San Diego
    The Clinical and Translational Research Institute at University of California, San Diego has received a five-year Clinical and Translational Science Award for approximately $52 million from the National Center for Advancing Translational Science, part of the National Institutes of Health (NIH). [UC San Diego Health] Press Release

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    POLICY NEWS
    National Institutes of Health (United States)

    Food and Drug Administration (United States)

    Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (United States)

    European Medicines Agency (European Union)

    Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (United Kingdom)

    Therapeutic Goods Administration (Australia)

     
    EVENTS
    NEW War on Cancer 2015
    October 20, 2015
    London, United Kingdom

    NEW European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL) Conference: Cancer Genomics
    November 1-4, 2015
    Heidelberg, Germany

    Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the neural cell community.

     
    JOB OPPORTUNITIES
    NEW Postdoctoral Position – Neuroimmunology (Brain and Spine Institute)

    Director (Vollum Institute)

    Director – Duke Institute for Brain Sciences (Duke University)

    Postdoctoral Research Fellow – Glioblastoma Stem-Like Cells and Non-Neoplastic Neural Stem Cells (Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center)

    Faculty Position – Neuroscience/Brain Repair/Stroke Recovery (University of Ottawa)

    Harry Eagle Scholar Awards for Postdoctoral Candidates (Albert Einstein College of Medicine of Yeshiva University)

    Postdoctoral Positions – Cancer Research (Rutgers University)

    Postdoctoral Fellowship – Neural Development and Cancer (Columbia University)

    Postdoctoral Research Fellow/Research Assistant Professor – Neurodegenerative Diseases (The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology)

    PhD Student – Biology of Brain Metastasis (Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas)


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