Pancreatic Cell News 10.39 October 8, 2019 | |
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TOP STORYThe Fungal Mycobiome Promotes Pancreatic Oncogenesis via Activation of MBL Investigators discovered that ligation of mannose-binding lectin, which bound to glycans of the fungal wall to activate the complement cascade, was required for oncogenic progression, whereas deletion of mannose-binding lectin (MBL) or C3 in the extratumoral compartment—or knockdown of C3aR in tumor cells—were both protective against tumor growth. [Nature] Abstract | Editorial | |
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PUBLICATIONS(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)DIABETES & PANCREATITISInsulin-Producing Organoids Engineered from Islet and Amniotic Epithelial Cells to Treat Diabetes Investigators showed that viable and functional islet organoids could be successfully generated from dissociated islet cells and human amniotic epithelial cells (hAECs). Incorporation of hAECs into islet organoids markedly enhanced engraftment, viability and graft function in a mouse type 1 diabetes model. [Nat Commun] Full Article miRNA-221 Protects Islet β Cell Function in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus by Targeting PAK1 Overexpression of miRNA-221 stimulated insulin secretion, cell proliferation and suppressed apoptosis in INS-1 cells. Knockdown of miRNA-221 achieved the opposite results. [Biochem Biophys Res Commun] Abstract PANCREATIC CANCERID1 Mediates Escape from TGF-β Tumor Suppression in Pancreatic Cancer Researchers report that pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (PDAs) that developed with the TGF-β pathway intact averted an apoptotic effect via Inhibitor of Differentiation 1 (ID1). ID1 family members were expressed in PDA progenitor cells and were components of a set of core transcriptional regulators shared by PDAs. [Cancer Discov] Abstract Synthetic Lethal Interaction of SHOC2 Depletion with MEK Inhibition in RAS-Driven Cancers Scientists performed genome-scale loss-of-function CRISPR-Cas9 screens in the presence of a MEK1/2 inhibitor in KRAS-mutant pancreatic and lung cancer cell lines and identified genes that cooperated with MEK inhibition. While they observed heterogeneity in genetic modifiers of MEK1/2 inhibitor sensitivity across cell lines, several recurrent classes of synthetic lethal vulnerabilities emerged at the pathway level. [Cell Rep] Full Article | Graphical Abstract In vitro and in vivo experiments were employed to investigate the molecular mechanism. Using pancreatic cancer cell lines, mouse models and human tissues, researchers obtained a general picture of tumor cell-derived debris promoting metastasis of pancreatic cancer by inducing inflammation via tumor-associated macrophages. [Br J Cancer] Full Article Investigators report the development of a novel liposomal formulation of N19 (LN19) and showed significant growth inhibition and increased sensitivity toward gemcitabine in the pancreatic adenocarcinoma orthotopic xenograft model. The results suggested that LN19 could be valued as an effective combination therapy with conventional chemotherapy such as gemcitabine for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma patients. [Bioconjug Chem] Full Article Weighted gene co-expression network analysis was used to investigate the coexpressed lncRNA-mRNA networks in the MEK/ERK pathway based on GSE45765. Differently expressed long noncoding RNA and mRNA were found and ten modules were identified based on coexpression profiles. [J Cell Physiol] Full Article The authors constructed a ceRNA network consisting of 4 DEcircRNAs, 3 DEmiRNAs and 149 DEmRNAs that regulated the NF-kappa B, PI3K-Akt, and Wnt signaling pathways. They then identified and validated five hub genes, CXCR4, HIF1A, ZEB1, SDC1 and TWIST1, which were overexpressed in pancreatic adenocarcinoma tissues. [Aging (Albany NY)] Full Article Of 12 candidate miRNAs identified, miR-141 showed the strongest ability to regulate neuropilin-1. In pancreatic cancer tissues and cells, the expression level of NRP-1 was negatively correlated with that of miR-141. [Cancer Cell Int] Full Article Subscribe to one of our other 19 science newsletters such as Hepatic Cell News & Intestinal Cell News. | |
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REVIEWSAn index for pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (PanNENs), to improve patient prognostication and classification, would be highly clinically relevant and with advances in the field now seems potentially possible. Investigators review the molecular biology of PanNENs, the subtypes developed to date and the potential clinical opportunities these advances may afford. [Semin Cancer Biol] Abstract MicroRNAs in Acute Pancreatitis: From Pathogenesis to Novel Diagnosis and Therapy The authors provide an overview of the novel cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the roles of miRNAs during the disease processes of acute pancreatitis (AP), as well as the potential diagnosis and therapeutic biomarkers of miRNAs in patients with AP. [J Cell Physiol] Abstract Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the pancreatic cell research field. | |
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INDUSTRY NEWSRafael Pharmaceuticals, Inc. announced that it has enrolled 100 patients in its pivotal Phase III clinical trial for metastatic pancreatic cancer (AVENGER 500). The multi-center, open-label, randomized trial is evaluating the efficacy and safety of Rafael’s lead compound CPI-613®️ in combination with modified FOLFIRINOX as first-line therapy in patients with metastatic adenocarcinoma of the pancreas. [Rafael Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (GlobeNewswire, Inc.)] Press Release The US Food and Drug Administration today announced that it has awarded 12 new clinical trial research grants totaling more than $15 million over the next four years to enhance the development of medical products for patients with rare diseases. The grants were awarded to principal investigators from academia and industry across the country. [FDA] Press Release | |
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POLICY NEWSBiologists Who Decoded How Cells Sense Oxygen Win Medicine Nobel A trio of researchers has won the 2019 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for describing how cells sense and respond to changing oxygen levels by switching genes on and off – a discovery that has been key in understanding human diseases such as cancer and anemia. [Nature News] Editorial Split Decisions: How Brexit Has Taken a Toll on Five Researchers On 23 June 2016, 34 million UK citizens took to the polls to vote on a simple, fateful question: Should the United Kingdom remain a part of the European Union, or should it leave? Nearly 52%—a majority of 1.3 million—wanted out, and conservative politicians vowed to carry out the people’s wishes. [ScienceInsider] Editorial
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EVENTSNEW American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) – Korean Cancer Association (KCA) Joint Workshop on Precision Medicine Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.
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JOB OPPORTUNITIESNEW Postdoctoral Researcher – Metabolic Regulation and Diabetes (City of Hope) Group Leader – Diabetes Research (International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology) Faculty Position – Cancer Biology (Children’s Research Institute at UT Southwestern) Postdoctoral Fellow – Pancreatic Cancer (The University of Alabama at Birmingham) Postdoctoral Position – Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (IT University of Copenhagen) Research Technition – Diabetes, Allergies, and Lung Diseases (Helmholtz Zentrum München) Research Lab Specialist – Tumor Microenvironment & Cell Behavior (University of Southern California) Research Positions – Pancreatic Beta-Cells (Université de Montréal) Postdoctoral Fellow – Neuroscience and Diabetes (The Child Health Institute of New Jersey) Recruit Top Talent: Reach potential candidates by posting your organization’s career opportunities on the Connexon Creative Job Board at no cost.
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