Pancreatic Cell News Volume 11.07 | Feb 25 2020

TOP STORY

Pancreatic β Cell MicroRNA-26a Alleviates Type 2 Diabetes by Improving Peripheral Insulin Sensitivity and Preserving β Cell Function

Scientists report that microRNA-26a in β cells not only modulated insulin secretion and β cell replication in an autocrine manner but also regulated peripheral insulin sensitivity in a paracrine manner through circulating exosomes. [PLoS Biol] Full Article

(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)

DIABETES & PANCREATITIS

HRD1 an Important Player in Pancreatic β-Cell Failure and Therapeutic Target for Type 2 Diabetic Mice

Mechanistic assay results indicated that HMG-CoA reductase degradation 1 (HRD1) was a novel E3 ubiquitin ligase that targeted MafA for ubiquitination and degradation in diabetic β-cells. [Diabetes] Abstract

A Phenotypic Screen Identifies Calcium Overload as a Key Mechanism of Beta Cell Glucolipotoxicity

In a phenotypic screen seeking low molecular weight compounds that protected beta cells from glucolipotoxicity (GLT), researchers identified compound A that selectively blocked GLT-induced apoptosis in rat insulinoma cells. [Diabetes] Abstract

Loss of RE-1 Silencing Transcription Factor Accelerates Exocrine Damage from Pancreatic Injury

Short-term organoid cultures of pancreatic acini to undergo acinar-to-ductal metaplasia (ADM) showed that loss of REST impeded induced ADM, while overexpression of REST increased ADM. [Cell Death Dis] Full Article

Perfluoroalkyl Substances Stimulate Insulin Secretion by Islet β Cells via G Protein-Coupled Receptor 40

Investigators demonstrated that one-hour exposure of perfluorooctane sulfonate stimulated insulin secretion and intracellular calcium level by activating G protein-coupled receptor 40. [Environ Sci Technol] Abstract

PANCREATIC CANCER

iNOS Regulates the Therapeutic Response of Pancreatic Cancer Cells to Radiation Therapy

Mechanistic in vitro studies showed that inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression and nitric oxide secretion were significantly increased in cancer-associated fibroblasts secretome following radiation therapy. [Cancer Res] Abstract

lncRNA-PLACT1 Sustains Activation of NF-κB Pathway through a Positive Feedback Loop with IκBα/E2F1 Axis in Pancreatic Cancer

The functional role of PLACT1 was evaluated by both in vitro and in vivo experiments. Chromatin isolation by RNA purification assays were utilized to examine the interaction of PLACT1 with IκBα promoter. [Mol Cancer] Full Article

Tracking Gold Nanorods’ Interaction with Large 3D Pancreatic-Stromal Tumor Spheroids by Multimodal Imaging: Fluorescence, Photoacoustic, and Photothermal Microscopies

Spheroids were generated by co-culturing pancreatic cancer cells and pancreatic stellate cells in multiple ratios to mimic variable tumor-stromal compositions and to investigate nanoparticle penetration. [Sci Rep] Full Article

Modeling of Pancreatic Cancer Biology: Transcriptomic Signature for 3D PDX-Derived Organoids and Primary Cell Line Organoid Development

Scientists present novel methodologies and experimental approaches to develop pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma organoids from patient derived xenografts (PDX) tumors, and the simultaneous development of matched primary cell lines. [Sci Rep] Full Article

The lncRNA ENSG00000254041.1 Promotes Cell Invasiveness and Associates with Poor Prognosis of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma

Functional assays revealed that knock down of ENSG00000254041.1 significantly decreased proliferation, invasion and chemoresistance of pancreatic cancer cells. [Aging (Albany NY)] Abstract

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Adjuvant and Neoadjuvant Treatment for Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma

Newly obtained results from the Prep-02/JSAP05 randomized Phase II/III study, comparing neoadjuvant therapy with up-front surgery, revealed significant improvement in overall survival with neoadjuvant chemotherapy by intention-to-treat analysis. [Jpn J Clin Oncol] Full Article

Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the pancreatic cell research field.

Dexcom and DreaMed Diabetes Announce Collaboration to Integrate Dexcom CGM Data into DreaMed Advisor

DreaMed Diabetes Ltd. announced a data partnership agreement. The collaboration enables a seamless data transfer of CGM data from Dexcom into DreaMed Advisor, an advanced decision support platform designed to assist healthcare professionals in the optimization of patient-specific insulin therapy for people with diabetes. [DreaMed Diabetes Ltd (Businesswire, Inc.)] Press Release

Excel Nuclear Oncology Center Initiates the First Lu-177 DOTATOC PRRT Clinical Trial for the PUT-Neuroendocrine Tumors, in US

Excel Diagnostics and Nuclear Oncology Center announced that its physician sponsored Investigational New Drug application to evaluate safety and efficacy of Lu-177 DOTATOC in adult subjects with Somatostatin receptor has received approval to proceed by FDA and also charge authorization has been granted. [Excel Diagnostics and Nuclear Oncology Center (GlobeNewswire, Inc.)] Press Release

Has the UK Science Minister Been Demoted?

A government reshuffle in the United Kingdom has born another new science minister – a position that has seen a revolving door of appointees, firings and resignations in recent years. The latest appointment also comes with an apparent political demotion for the role, which expert observers say is in conflict with a government that appears to have put research and innovation at the heart of its agenda. [Nature News] Editorial

NIH Hosts Nonhuman Primate Workshop amidst Increased Scrutiny of Monkey Research

More than three years after it hosted a workshop on the science and ethics of biomedical studies on monkeys, the National Institutes of Health (NIH) this week convened another workshop on nonhuman primate research. And much like the previous event, the meeting is drawing sharply divergent reactions from biomedical and animal advocacy groups. [ScienceInsider] Editorial

Animal Welfare Records Return to USDA Website

On February 18, the US Department of Agriculture replaced on its website the animal welfare records that the agency had removed in early 2017 and added records that had been generated since, as ordered by Congress, The Washington Post reports. These documents, unredacted and searchable, include thousands of reports from unannounced inspections at research labs as well as zoos, circuses, dog breeders, and other facilities. [The Scientist] Editorial

NEW Cambridge International Stem Cell Symposium 2020
September 27-29, 2020
Cambridge, United Kingdom

Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.

NEW Senior Scientist – Diabetes (International Institute of Innovation and Technology)

NEW Investigator Group Leader – Metabolic Research in Diabetes (German Research Center for Environmental Health)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Pancreatic Cancer (The University of Tennessee Health Science Center)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Therapeutics in Pancreatic Cancer (The University of Tennessee Health Science Center)

Postdoctoral Associate – Pancreatic Cancer Biology Research (University of Miami Health System)

Postdoctoral Studentship – Diabetes Epidemiology (Imperial College London)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Cancer Biology (Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Diabetes (Harvard Joslin Diabetes Center)

Postdoctoral Associate – RNA Cancer Biology and Diabetes (The Jackson Laboratory)

Postdoctoral Fellowship – Diabetes and Kidney Diseases (National Institutes of Health)

Postdoctoral Research Fellow – Endocrinology and Diabetes (Cedars-Sinai Medical Center)

Postdoctoral Research Fellow – Novel Drivers of Pancreatic Cancer (H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Elevated Androgen in Type 2 Diabetes (Temple University)

Postdoctoral Associate Position – Proteomics and Immunoproteomics in Diabetes (Cornell University)

Postdoctoral Researcher – Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism (The University of Alabama at Birmingham)

Postdoctoral Fellowship – Regenerative Medicine and Metabolic Biology (Indiana Biosciences Research Institute)

Research Positions – Pancreatic Beta-Cells (Université de Montréal)

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