Pancreatic Cell News Volume 3.11 | Mar 20 2012

Loss of HGF/c-Met Signaling in Pancreatic β Cells Leads to Incomplete Maternal β-Cell Adaptation and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Whether hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)/c-Met has a role in maternal β-cell adaptation during pregnancy is unknown. To address this issue, scientists characterized glucose and β-cell homeostasis in pregnant mice lacking c-Met in the pancreas. [Diabetes] Abstract | Press Release

Prevention of Autoimmune Diabetes by Ectopic Pancreatic β-Cell Expression of Interleukin-35
Ectopic expression of interleukin (IL)-35 by pancreatic β-cells led to substantial, long-term protection against autoimmune diabetes, despite limited intraislet IL-35 secretion. [Diabetes] Abstract

Aberrant Activation of Liver X Receptors Impairs Pancreatic Beta Cell Function through Upregulation of Sterol Regulatory Element-Binding Protein 1c in Mouse Islets and Rodent Cell Lines
Investigators explore the role of liver X receptor activation in beta cell insulin secretion and the underlying mechanism that might be involved. [Diabetologia] Abstract

HIF1α and Pancreatic β-Cell Development
Researchers have previously reported that partial pressure of oxygen controls β-cell development in rats. Here, researchers checked that hypoxia inducible factor 1α (HIF1α) is essential for this control. [FASEB J] Abstract

The B55alpha-Containing PP2A Holoenzyme Dephosphorylates FOXO1 in Islet Beta Cells Under Oxidative Stress
Investigators used biochemical and molecular approaches to isolate and link the serine/threonine protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) holoenzyme containing the B55a regulatory subunit with nuclear import of FOXO1 in pancreatic islet b cells under oxidative stress, a condition associated with cellular dysfunction in type 2 diabetes. [Biochem J] Abstract

PANCREATIC CANCER

Enzymatic Targeting of the Stroma Ablates Physical Barriers to Treatment of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas are characterized by a robust fibroinflammatory response. Scientists show that this desmoplastic reaction generates inordinately high interstitial fluid pressures, exceeding those previously measured or theorized for solid tumors, and induces vascular collapse, while presenting substantial barriers to perfusion, diffusion, and convection of small molecule therapeutics. [Cancer Cell] Abstract

Sleeping Beauty (SB) Mutagenesis Reveals Cooperating Mutations and Pathways in Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma
Researchers have conducted a mutagenic screen using SB in mice to identify new candidate cancer genes in pancreatic cancer. [Proc Natl Acad Sci USA] Abstract | Press Release

Pancreatic Stellate Cells Form a Niche for Cancer Stem Cells and Promote their Self-Renewal and Invasiveness
Investigators demonstrate mechanistically that Nodal-expressing pancreatic stellate cells are an important component of the tumor stroma for creating a paracrine niche for pancreatic cancer stem cells. [Cell Cycle] Abstract

NOP14 Promotes Proliferation and Metastasis of Pancreatic Cancer Cells
Scientists describe a novel gene, NOP14, which plays significant roles in pancreatic cancer cell proliferation and migration. [Cancer Lett] Abstract

FTS and 2-DG Induce Pancreatic Cancer Cell Death and Tumor Shrinkage in Mice
Results suggest a possible new treatment of pancreatic tumors by the combined administration of S-trans–trans farnesylthiosalicylic acid (FTS) and 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG), which together induce pancreatic tumor cell death and tumor shrinkage under non-toxic conditions. [Cell Death Dis] Abstract

National Institutes of Health (United States)

Food and Drug Administration (United States)
 
Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (United States)

European Medicines Agency (European Union)

Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (United Kingdom)

National Health Service (United Kingdom)

Therapeutic Goods Administration (Australia)

Scientist – Pluripotent Stem Cells (STEMCELL Technologies, Inc.)

Scientist – hPSC Bioengineering (STEMCELL Technologies, Inc.)

Scientist – Antibody and Hybridoma Technology Platforms (STEMCELL Technologies, Inc.)

Business Analyst – Product Management (STEMSOFT Software, Inc.)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Stem Cell Biology (City of Hope Beckman Research Institute)

Postdoctoral Research Assistant (Queen Mary, University of London)

Director of The Diabetes and Metabolic Disease Research Program (The Methodist Hospital Research Institute)


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