DIABETES & PANCREATITIS Macrophages and β-Cells Are Responsible for CXCR2-Mediated Neutrophil Infiltration of the Pancreas during Autoimmune Diabetes Investigators aimed to determine the cellular and molecular mechanism leading to the recruitment of neutrophils in the pancreatic islets of non-obese diabetic mice. [EMBO Mol Med] Full Article Generation of Insulin-Producing β-Like Cells from Human iPS Cells in a Defined and Completely Xeno-Free Culture System Scientists developed a five-step xeno-free culture system to efficiently differentiate human induced pluripotent stem cells into insulin-producing cells in vitro. [J Mol Cell Biol] Abstract Dichotomous Role of Pancreatic HUWE1/MULE/ARF-BP1 in Modulating Beta Cell Apoptosis in Mice under Physiological and Genotoxic Conditions Researchers generated mice with pancreas-specific deletion of E3 ubiquitin protein ligase (Huwe1) using a Cre-loxP recombination system driven by the Pdx1 promoter to assess the in vivo role of HUWE1 in the pancreas. [Diabetologia] Abstract Insulin Protects Pancreatic Acinar Cells from Palmitoleic Acid-Induced Cellular Injury Investigators tested the protective effects of insulin on cellular injury induced by the pancreatitis-inducing agents, ethanol, palmitoleic acid (POA) and POA-ethylester. [J Biol Chem] Abstract | Full Article Role of Endogenous GLP-1 and GIP in Beta Cell Compensatory Responses to Insulin Resistance and Cellular Stress The role of GLP-1 and GIP in beta cell compensatory responses to beta cell attack and insulin resistance were examined in C57BL/6 mice lacking functional receptors for GLP-1 and GIP. [PLoS One] Full Article PANCREATIC CANCER CDK4/6 and IGF1 Receptor Inhibitors Synergize to Suppress the Growth of p16INK4A-Deficient Pancreatic Cancers Researchers report that the IGF1R/IR inhibitor BMS-754807 cooperated with the CDK4/6 inhibitor PD-0332991 to strongly block proliferation of p16INK4A-deficient pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cells in vitro and in vivo. [Cancer Res] Abstract Noninvasive Radiofrequency Treatment Effect on Mitochondria in Pancreatic Cancer Cells Previously, the authors discovered that noninvasive radiofrequency (RF) fields can affect cancer cells but not normal cells, inhibit progression of tumors in mice, and enhance the anticancer effects of chemotherapy. It remains unclear what physiological and molecular mechanisms this treatment induces inside cells. Here, they studied the effect of RF treatment on mitochondria in human pancreatic cancer cells. [Cancer] Abstract Class II Transactivator-Induced MHC Class II Expression in Pancreatic Cancer Cells Leads to Tumor Rejection and a Specific Antitumor Memory Response Investigators analyzed the expression of antigen processing and presenting molecules in two cell lines derived from mouse models of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) and the effects of the re-expression of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II on PDA rejection. [Pancreas] Abstract Upregulation of Autophagy by Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1α Promotes EMT and Metastatic Ability of CD133+ Pancreatic Cancer Stem-Like Cells during Intermittent Hypoxia Investigators used western blotting and flow cytometry analysis to quantify stem-like cells in the migratory cells during intermittent hypoxia in the human pancreatic cancer cells. [Oncol Rep] Abstract |