Pancreatic Cell News Volume 5.34 | Sep 9 2014

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    Pancreatic Cell News 5.34 September 9, 2014

    Pancreatic Cell News

         In this issue: Publications | Reviews | Science News | Industry News | Policy News | Events | Jobs
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    TOP STORY
    Systematically Labeling Developmental Stage-Specific Genes for the Study of Pancreatic β-Cell Differentiation from Human Embryonic Stem Cells
    Researchers developed a systematic strategy to study human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC) differentiation by labeling sequential developmental genes to encompass the major developmental stages, using the directed differentiation of pancreatic β cells from hPSCs as a model. [Cell Res] Full Article
    Free Cell Stem Cell Poster: Directed Differentiation of ESCs/iPSCs

     
    PUBLICATIONS (Ranked by impact factor of the journal)
    DIABETES & PANCREATITIS

    Assessment of β-Cell Mass and α- and β-Cell Survival and Function by Arginine Stimulation in Human Autologous Islet Recipients
    Researchers utilized intravenous arginine with measurements of insulin, C-peptide, and glucagon to examine β-cell and α-cell survival and function in a group of ten chronic pancreatitis recipients one to eight years after total pancreatectomy and autoislet transplantation. [Diabetes] Abstract

    Doc2b Serves as a Scaffolding Platform for Concurrent Binding of Multiple Munc18 Isoforms in Pancreatic Islet Beta Cells
    Researchers hypothesized that Doc2b may provide a plasma membrane-localized scaffold/platform for transient docking of these Munc18 isoforms during glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. Toward this, macromolecular complexes composed of Munc18c, Doc2b, and Munc18-1 were detected in beta cells. [Biochem J] Abstract

    GABA Protects Pancreatic Beta Cells against Apoptosis by Increasing SIRT1 Expression and Activity
    Scientists found that the incubation of a clonal beta-cell line with GABA increased the expression of SIRT1, as did GABA receptor agonists acting on either type A or B receptors. [Biochem Biophys Res Commun] Abstract

    Transdifferentiation of Human Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells into Pancreatic Cell Lineage
    Researchers investigated the transdifferentiation potential of human periodontal ligament-derived stem cells (PDLSCs) into pancreatic islet cells. To form three-dimensional clusters, PDLSCs were cultured in Matrigel with media containing differentiation-inducing agents. [Cell Biochem Funct] Abstract

    Maternal Embryonic Leucine Zipper Kinase Regulates Pancreatic Ductal, but not β-Cell, Regeneration
    The maternal embryonic leucine zipper kinase is expressed in stem/progenitor cells in some adult tissues, where it has been implicated in diverse biological processes, including the control of cell proliferation. Researchers describe studies on its role in adult pancreatic regeneration in response to injury induced by duct ligation and β-cell ablation. [Physiol Rep] Full Article

    PANCREATIC CANCER

    Bisphosphonates Inhibit Stellate Cell Activity and Enhance Antitumor Effects of Nanoparticle Albumin Bound-Paclitaxel in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma
    Recently pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) have been noted to share characteristics with cells of monocyte-macrophage lineage (MML cells). Thus, scientists tested whether PSCs could be targeted with the nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates which are potent MML cell inhibitors. [Mol Cancer Ther] Abstract

    A miRNA Signature of Chemoresistant Mesenchymal Phenotype Identifies Novel Molecular Targets Associated with Advanced Pancreatic Cancer
    To assess the functional relevance scientists initially focused on microRNA (miRNA)-125b, which is over-expressed in both the BxPC3-GZR model and advanced pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma tumor specimens. Knockdown of miRNA-125b in BxPC3-GZR and Panc-1 cells caused a partial reversal of the mesenchymal phenotype and enhanced response to gemcitabine. [PLoS One] Full Article

    Bacterial Quorum Sensing Molecule N-3-Oxo-Dodecanoyl-L-Homoserine Lactone Causes Direct Cytotoxicity and Reduced Cell Motility in Human Pancreatic Carcinoma Cells
    Scientists tested the hypothesis that the Pseudomonas aeruginosa quorum sensing signal molecule N-3-oxo-dodecanoyl-L-homoserine lactone would be cytotoxic to and reduce mobility of pancreatic carcinoma cells. [PLoS One] Full Article

    Taurolidine Induces Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition via Up-Regulation of the Transcription Factor Snail in Human Pancreatic Cancer Cell Lines
    Researchers aimed to elucidate the effects of low-dose taurolidine on pancreatic cancer. MTT-tested viability of all pancreatic cancer cell lines decreased dose-dependently up to 50% of the untreated control. [Int J Colorectal Dis] Abstract

    New: STEMdiff™ Definitive Endoderm Kit For Easy, Standardized hPSC Differentiation

     
    REVIEWS
    In Vitro-Produced Pancreas Organogenesis Models in Three Dimensions: Self-Organization from Few Stem Cells Or Progenitors
    Three dimensional models of organ biogenesis have recently flourished. They promote a balance between stem/progenitor cell expansion and differentiation without the constraints of flat tissue culture vessels, allowing for autonomous self-organization of cells. Such models allow the formation of miniature organs in a dish and are emerging for the pancreas, starting from embryonic progenitors and adult cells. [Stem Cells]
    Abstract | Full Article

    Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the pancreatic cell research field.

     
    SCIENCE NEWS
    Fractyl Labs Announces Positive Clinical Data for First Procedural Therapy to Treat Type 2 Diabetes
    Fractyl Laboratories Inc. announced positive clinical data for the first procedural therapy to directly treat the underlying digestive causes of insulin resistance in patients with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes. [Press release from Fractyl Laboratories Inc. discussing research presented at the 19th World Congress of International Federation for the Surgery of Obesity & Metabolic Disorders (IFSO 2014) Meeting, Montreal] Press Release

    From our sponsor: Pluripotent cell isolation for regenerative medicine. Request a free wallchart from Nature.

     
    INDUSTRY NEWS
    Lilly’s Basal Insulin Peglispro Demonstrated HbA1c Superiority against Lantus® in Phase III Trials in Patients with Type 1 Diabetes
    Eli Lilly and Company’s basal insulin peglispro demonstrated a statistically significant lower hemoglobin A1c compared with insulin glargine (Lantus®) at 26 weeks and 52 weeks, respectively, in the IMAGINE-1 and IMAGINE-3 Phase III clinical trials in patients with type 1 diabetes. [Eli Lilly and Company] Press Release

    Nuvilex Submits Application for Orphan Drug Designation to the European Medicines Agency for Its Cell-in-a-Box® Treatment for Pancreatic Cancer
    Nuvilex, Inc. announced that it has submitted an application to the European Medicines Agency for an orphan drug designation for its Cell-in-a-Box® treatment for pancreatic cancer. [Nuvilex, Inc.] Press Release

     
    POLICY NEWS
    National Institutes of Health (United States)

    Food and Drug Administration (United States)

    Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (United States)

    European Medicines Agency (European Union)

    Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (United Kingdom)

    Therapeutic Goods Administration (Australia)

     
    EVENTS
    NEW New Horizons in Cancer Research: Harnessing Breakthroughs – Targeting Cures
    October 9-12, 2014
    Shanghai, China

    Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the pancreatic cell community.

     
    JOB OPPORTUNITIES
    NEW Postdoctoral Position – Role of p38MAPK in the Development of Obesity and Obesity-Induced Diseases (Spanish National Cardiovascular Research Center [CNIC])

    Research Officer / Postdoctoral Fellow – Beta Cell Regeneration (Garvan Institute of Medical Research)

    Postdoctoral Research Fellow – Cancer (Massachusetts General Hospital & Harvard Medical School)

    Postdoctoral Trainee – Pancreatic Cancer (UT Southwestern Medical Center)

    Postdoctoral Research Associate – Metabolism / Diabetes / Cardiovascular Disease (Washington University School of Medicine)

    Postdoctoral Fellow – Diabetes and Inflammatory Diseases (University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine)

    Principal Scientist – Diabetes Biology (Novo Nordisk China R&D Center)

    Professorship – Molecular Mechanisms of Diabetes Pathogenesis (University of Southern Denmark)

    Scientist – Pluripotent Stem Cell Biology Endoderm Lineages (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

    Scientist – Pluripotent Stem Cell Media Development, High Throughput Screening (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

    Scientist – Cell Culture Support Products (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

    Scientist – Immunology/Cell Separation (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

    Research Associate – Cell Separation (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)


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