DIABETES & PANCREATITIS Microneedles Integrated with Pancreatic Cells and Synthetic Glucose-Signal Amplifiers for Smart Insulin Delivery Researchers developed innovative microneedle (MN)-based cell therapy is developed for glucose-responsive regulation of the insulin secretion from exogenous pancreatic β-cells without implantation. One MN patch can quickly reduce the blood-sugar levels (BGLs) of chemically induced type-1 diabetic mice and stabilize BGLs at a reduced level for over 10 hours. [Adv Mater] Abstract | Press Release Externalized Decondensed Neutrophil Chromatin Occludes Pancreatic Ducts and Drives Pancreatitis Scientists showed that aggregates form inside pancreatic ducts in humans and mice occluding pancreatic ducts and thereby driving pancreatic inflammation. Experimental models indicated that peptidyl arginine deiminase-4 (PADI4) is critical for intraductal aggregate formation and that PADI4-deficiency abrogates disease progression. [Nat Commun] Full Article B-Lymphocytes Expressing an Immunoglobulin Specificity Recognizing the Pancreatic ß-Cell Autoantigen Peripherin Are Potent Contributors to Type 1 Diabetes Development in NOD Mice Researchers generated and characterized NOD mice transgenically expressing an immunoglobulin molecule representative of a large proportion of naturally occurring islet-infiltrating B-lymphocytes in NOD mice recognizing the neuronal antigen peripherin. [Diabetes] Abstract Elevated Circulating Stearic Acid Leads to a Major Lipotoxic Effect on Mouse Pancreatic Beta Cells in Hyperlipidemia via a miR-34a-5p-Mediated PERK/p53-Dependent Pathway Investigators examined the adverse effects of stearic acid on beta cells and the potential mechanisms through which these are mediated. [Diabetologia] Abstract Inhibition of Renalase Expression and Signaling Has Antitumor Activity in Pancreatic Cancer Researchers showed that renalase expression is increased in pancreatic cancer tissue and that it functions as a growth factor. [Sci Rep] Full Article MicroRNA-454 Regulates Stromal Cell Derived Factor-1 in the Control of the Growth of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Investigators analyzed the control of a HIF-1 target, stromal cell derived factor-1, in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cells. They detected significantly more CD68+ macrophages in the PDAC, compared to normal human pancreas. [Sci Rep] Full Article General Control Nonderepressible Kinase 2 (GCN2) Deletion Predisposes to Asparaginase-Associated Pancreatitis in Mice Researchers determined the consequences of asparaginase treatment on the pancreata of mice with GCN2 intact (WT) or deleted (ΔGcn2). Mean pancreas weights in ΔGcn2 mice treated with asparaginase for 8 days were increased above all other groups. [Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol] Abstract Cannabinoids Regulate Bcl-2 and Cyclin D2 Expression in Pancreatic Beta Cells Scientists report that cannabinoid 1 receptors regulate the expression of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 and cell cycle regulator cyclin D2 in pancreatic β cells. [PLoS One] Full Article Heterogeneity of KRAS Mutations in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma The authors aimed to determine the frequency and extent of intratumoral and metastatic lymph node Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KRAS) mutation heterogeneity of resected pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. [Pancreas] Abstract |