Pancreatic Cell News 9.30 July 31, 2018 | |
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TOP STORYType 2 Diabetes Risk Alleles in PAM Impact Insulin Release from Human Pancreatic β-Cells Scientists demonstrated that the type 2 diabetes risk alleles impacted negatively on overall peptidylglycine α-amidating monooxygenase (PAM) activity via defects in expression and catalytic function. PAM deficiency resulted in reduced insulin content and altered dynamics of insulin secretion in a human β-cell model and primary islets from cadaveric donors. [Nat Genet] Abstract | |
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PUBLICATIONS(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)DIABETES & PANCREATITISHuman CPA1 Mutation Causes Digestive Enzyme Misfolding and Chronic Pancreatitis in Mice Researchers knocked-in the most frequently occurring p.N256K human CPA1 mutation in the mouse Cpa1 locus. Mutation p.N256K induced misfolding of mouse CPA1 and resulted in elevated expression of endoplamic reticulum stress markers Hspa5 and Ddit3 both in cell culture and mutant mice. [Gut] Abstract Blocking Ca2+ Channel β3 Subunit Reverses Diabetes Investigators reported that islets from diabetic mice showed β3 subunit of Cav (Cavβ3) overexpression, altered cytosolic Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) dynamics, and impaired insulin secretion upon glucose stimulation. Normalization of Cavβ3 expression in ob/ob islets by an antisense oligonucleotide rescued the altered [Ca2+]i dynamics and impaired insulin secretion. [Cell Rep] Full Article | Graphical Abstract Scientists identified a strong increase of intracellular Ca2+ concentration and whole-cell currents induced by tri-agonist via transient receptor potential channels. They blocked PLC activity which reduced the superior effect of tri-agonist to induce insulin secretion, and partially inhibited the induced Ca2+ influx. [Cell Signal] Abstract Oxygen consumption rate normalized to DNA was not significantly different between ages. Membrane integrity was age dependent, and adult porcine islets (API) had the highest percentage of intact cells. Neonatal PI and juvenile PI had similar glucose responsiveness, β‐cell percentage, and β‐cell proliferation rate. [Xenotransplantation] Abstract PANCREATIC CANCERKnockdown or pharmacologic inhibition of GPR55 reduced anchorage-dependent and independent growth, cell cycle progression, activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling and protein levels of ribonucleotide reductases in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cells. [Oncogene] Abstract | Press Release Researchers demonstrated that pancreatic acinar cells have the ability to readily take up serotonin in a transport‐mediated manner. Serotonin uptake promoted the activation of the small GTPase Ras‐Related C3 Botulinum Toxin Substrate 1 (Rac1), which is required for trans‐differentiation of acinar cells into acinar‐to‐ductal metaplasia, a key determinant in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma development. [J Pathol] Abstract The authors found that thiopurine methyltransferase (TPMT) levels were lower in four pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cell lines than in human pancreatic ductal epithelial (HPDE) or Panc1 cells, and that knockdown of TPMT in HPDE or Panc1 cells sensitized them to 6‐thioguanine. [Mol Oncol] Abstract | Full Article Investigators showed that in Panc-1 cells, by activating its cognate receptor c-MET, paracrine hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) resulted in YAP nuclear translocation and HIF-1α stabilization, thereby promoting the expression of cancer stem cell pluripotency markers NANOG, OCT-4 and SOX-2 and tumor sphere formation ability. [Exp Cell Res] Abstract Subscribe to one of our other 19 science newsletters such as Hepatic Cell News & Intestinal Cell News. | |
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REVIEWSObesity and Type-2 Diabetes as Inducers of Premature Cellular Senescence and Aging Cell senescence in cell types linked with obesity and diabetes, namely adipocytes and pancreatic beta cells are explored, followed by a discussion on the role of obesity and diabetes in accelerating aging through induction of premature cell senescence mediated by high glucose levels and oxidized low-density lipoproteins. [Biogerontology] Full Article Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the pancreatic cell research field. | |
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INDUSTRY NEWSUnder the agreement, Secant Group will engineer and prototype 3D scaffolds based on novel biomaterials and technologies involving bioresorbable polymer microparticles, while Atvio will provide expertise in cell coatings, cell production, process development and support services. [Secant Group, LLC] Press Release BioLineRx Announces Expansion of Immuno-Oncology Collaboration in Pancreatic Cancer BioLineRx Ltd. announced the expansion of its immuno-oncology collaboration with Merck & Co., Inc., for the support of a Phase IIa program investigating BioLineRx’s BL-8040 in combination with KEYTRUDA®, an anti-PD-1 therapy marketed by Merck & Co., Inc. [BioLineRx] Press Release Lilly Announces Extension of Cancer Research Collaboration with Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Under the agreement, Dana-Farber researchers were, and will continue to be, granted permission to conduct independent pre-clinical and clinical studies on select Lilly compounds. All compounds evaluated through this collaboration will continue to be fully owned by Lilly. Financial terms of the agreement were not disclosed. [Eli Lilly and Company] Press Release Minomic International Ltd announced that it has completed enrolment and dosing of all 12 patients in its pioneering clinical trial of Miltuximab®, a chimeric version of Minomic’s MIL-38 anti-Glypican 1 antibody conjugated to the radioactive isotope 67Gallium. [Minomic] Press Release | |
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POLICY NEWSGovernment of Canada further Strengthens Science and Encourages Scientists to Speak about Their Work Canadians count on federal scientists to produce the evidence needed to keep their air clean, their food safe and their water fresh. The Government of Canada is taking greater steps to ensure that this evidence is gathered without political or commercial interference. [Government of Canada] Editorial Elsevier/Impactstory Agreement Will Make Open Access Articles Easier to Find on Scopus With Elsevier’s new partnership with Impactstory, a nonprofit that creates online tools to make science more open and reusable, researchers will soon be able to find open access content on Scopus more efficiently. Meanwhile, for university research offices, the expansion of open access-identified content in Scopus will enable improved strategic analysis and benchmarking. [Elsevier] Editorial Springer Nature Creates New Role to Lead On Research Integrity As one of the largest publishers of academic research, Springer Nature has developed a new position of Research Integrity Director to ensure the growing volume of scientific content being published continues to be rigorously assessed, with robust processes in place to prevent and address research misconduct and breaches of publication ethics. [Springer Nature] Editorial Global South Scholars Are Missing from European and US Journals. What Can Be Done about It Researchers based in the global North have a wider global reach and are generally judged to be at the forefront of knowledge production and dissemination. Meanwhile, South-based scholars are often not part of major debates and conversations in their field. This points to a severe imbalance in the production of new knowledge. [The Conversation] Editorial
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EVENTSNEW The 5th Canadian Cancer Research Conference Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.
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JOB OPPORTUNITIESPostdoctoral Position – Beta Cell Research (Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen) Postdoctoral Research Fellow – Metabolism, Diabetes & Obesity Research (The University of Edinburg) Research Assistant – Therapeutic Target in Pancreatic Cancer (King’s College London) Lecturer/ Professor/ Clinical Academic – Diabetes (University of Exeter) Postdoctoral Research Fellow – Drivers of Pancreatic Cancer Metastasis (The Moffitt Cancer Center) Postdoctoral Associate – Type 1 Diabetes Research (University of Florida) Assistant or Associate Professor (Tenure Track) – Immunopathology of Metabolic Diseases) Postdoctoral Positions – Immunology of Diabetes (Cochin Institute) Doctoral Thesis Position – Diabetes Research (Universite Libre de Bruxelles) Postdoctoral Fellow – Epigenetic Regulation of Pancreatic Beta-Cell Mass (City of Hope) Recruit Top Talent: Reach potential candidates by posting your organization’s career opportunities on the Connexon Creative Job Board at no cost.
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